Unit 6 Exam - Anatomy

Precapillary sphincters will

-Control blood flow into the true capillaries -Cause blood to flow directly from the metarteriole into the postcapillary venule -Open when the tissue needs nutrients -Close when the tissue's needs have been met -ALL OF THESE ANSWERS ARE CORRECT

Match the cardiac vein with its description. 1. In the posterior portion of coronary sulcus 2. In anterior interventricular sulcus 3. In posterior interventricular sulcus 4. Travels close to the right marginal artery

-Great cardiac vein: In anterior interventricular sulcus (2) -Middle cardiac vein: In posterior interventricular sulcus (3) -Small cardiac vein: In posterior interventricular sulcus (4) -Coronary sinus: In the posterior portion of coronary sulcus (1)

Match the lymphatic trunk with the major body region that it drains. 1. Drain the lower limbs 2. Drain lymph from the head 3. Drain lymph from the upper limbs 4. Drain lymph from abdominal structures

-Jugular trunks: Drain lymph from the head (2) -Subclavian trunks: Drain lymph from the upper limbs (3) -Intestinal trunks: Drain lymph from the abdominal structures (4) -Lumbar trunks: Drain the lower limbs (1)

Match the border of the heart with its description. 1. Formed by arterial trunks and superior vena cava 2. Inferior, conical end 3. Posterosuperior surface 4. Primarily formed by the left atrium and ventricle 5. Primarily formed by the right atrium and venticle

-Right border: Primarily formed by the right atrium and ventricle (5) -Left border: Primarily formed by the left atrium and ventricle (4) -Base: Posterosuperior surface (3) -Superior border: Formed by arterial trunks and superior vena cava (1) -Apex: Inferior, conical end (2)

Match the lymphatic organ with its description. 1. White pulp lymphatic cells monitor the blood 2. Site for T-lymphocyte maturation 3. Filters antigens from lymph

-Thymus: Site for T-lymphocyte maturation (2) -Lymph node: Filters antigens from lymph (3) -Spleen: White pulp lymphatic cells monitor the blood (1)

Place the structures in order, beginning with the one with the highest blood pressure and ending with the one with the lowest.

1. Aorta 2. Arteries 3. Arterioles 4. Capillaries 5. Venules 6. Veins 7. Venae Cavae

Put the pattern of circulation into the correct order, beginning with the pulmonary circulation.

1. Blood leaves the right side of the heart 2. Blood enters the pulmonary arteries and travels to the lungs 3. Blood enters the pulmonary veins 4. Blood enters the left side of the heart 5. Blood enters the systemic arteries 6. Blood delivers oxygen to the tissues, and then enters systemic veins

Trace the path of lymph from the time it leaves the interstitial spaces to the time that it enters the bloodstream.

1. Lymphatic Capillaries 2. Afferent Lymphatic vessels 3. Lymph nodes 4. Efferent lymphatic vessels 5. Lymphatic trunks 6. Lymphatic ducts

Place the locations of the heart's conducting system in order, beginning with the location where the heartbeat is initiated.

1. Sinoatrial (SA) node 2. Atrioventricular (AV) node 3. Atrioventricular (AV) bundle 4. Left and right bundles 5. Purkinje cells

Place the blood vessels tunics in order from the most external to the most interanl

1. Tunica externa 2. Tunica media 3. Tunica intima

How many half-moon shaped, pocketlike cusps are found in each semilunar valve?

3

Which does NOT drain into the coronary sinus?

Anterior interventricular vein

The artery that bifurcates into the right subclavian artery and the right common cartoid artery is the?

Brachiocephalic artery

Where does gas exchange between the blood and tissues?

Capillaries

The papillary muscles attach to the cusps of the atrioventricular valves by means of the

Chordae tendineae

The most common type of capillaries are?

Continuous

Which action causes the closure of the right atrioventricular valve?

Contraction of the right ventricle

The atria are separated from the ventricles externally by the

Coronary sulcus

The primary goal of the immune response is?

Destruction or inactivation of pathogens and foreign material

Pulmonary arteries carry highly oxygenated blood.

False

When is the thymus gland most active?

From childhood to puberty

In general, as an artery's diameter decreases, there is a(n)?

Increase in the amount of smooth muscles and a decrease in the number of elastic fibers

Lymph vessels reabsorb what fluid from the tissues and return it to the venous circulation?

Interstitial fluid

Lymph:

Is excess interstitial fluid

A lymphatic capillary that picks up dietary lipids in the small intestine is called a(n)?

Lacteal

The branches that arise from the celiac trunk are the?

Left gastric, splenic, and common hepatic arteries

With respect to the lymphatic system, what do the letters in the acronym MALT stand for?

Mucosa-associated lymphatic tissue

Where do B-lymphocytes develop immunocompetence?

Red bone marrow

Which would be the route taken by lymph traveling from lymphatic vessels in the right leg to the bloodstream?

Right lumbar trunk - cisterna chylie - thoracic duct - left subclavian vein

The cells of the _____ act as the heart's pacemaker, which establishes the pace for cardiac activity.

Sinoatrial (SA) node

Which circuit of the cardiovascular system is responsible for sending blood to the kidneys, stomach, and pelvic regions?

Systemic circuit

The internal wall surface of each ventricle displays large, smooth, irregular muscular ridges called?

Trabeculae carneae

Among the advantages of the cerebral anterial circle is the presence of collateral channels of blood flow to the brain should a supply artery become blocked.

True

The left suprarenal gonadal veins differ from the right suprarenal and gonadal veins in how directly they get to the inferior vena cava.

True

The right and left coronary arteries are the only branches of the ascending aorta.

True

In arteries, the thickest layer of the wall is the?

Tunica media

Typically, there are ______ papillary muscles that project from the wall of the left ventricle and attach to the chordae tendineae that support the left AV valve.

Two

The epicardium is another name for the?

Visceral layer of the serous pericardium

Which are functions performed by the fibrous skeleton of the heart? a. Separates the atria and ventricles b. Anchors the heart valves c. Provides electrical insulation between the atria and ventricles d. Provides the framework for the attachment of the myocardium e. None of these are true functions of the fibrous skeleton of the heart.

a, b, c, d

Valves in veins

cause venous blood flow to go in only one direction

Lymphatic capillaries originate in the?

tissue spaces between cells