Unit 6 Test

What is the flow of information for the synthesis of proteins according to the central dogma?

DNA to mRNA to protein

If the sequence of the 5' to 3' strand is AATGCTAC, then the complementary sequence has the following sequence:

3'-TTACGATG-5'

Which feature of promoters can be found in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

TATA box

What is the first step in isolating DNA?

lysing the cells in the sample

Uracil is found where?

mRNA

Which molecule in the central dogma can be compared to a disposable photocopy of a book kept on reserve in the library?

mRNA

Which type of point mutation would have no effect on gene expression?

silent

A poly-A sequence is added at the _______________.

3'-end of a transcript in the nucleus

How many nucleotides are in 12 mRNA codons?

36

In which direction does DNA replication take place?

5' to 3'

Which of the following does the enzyme primase synthesize?

RNA primer

What is bacterial transformation?

Transformation is a process in which external DNA is taken up by a cell, thereby changing morphology and physiology.

Which of the following molecules does not contain genetic information?

protein

Meselson and Stahl's experiments proved that DNA replicates by which model?

semi-conservative

The ends of the linear chromosomes are maintained by what?

telomerase

What are epigenetic modifications?

the addition of reversible changes to histone proteins and DNA

If DNA of a particular species was analyzed and it was found that it contains 27%27% A, what would be the percentage of C?

23%

What is the initial mechanism for repairing nucleotide errors in DNA?

DNA polymerase proofreading

Which of the following features distinguishes eukaryotic transcription from bacterial transcription?

Eukaryotic transcription and translation do not take place at the same time.

The binding of what is required for transcription to start?

RNA polymerase

What do figures X and Y in the graphic illustrate?

Transcription and translation in a prokaryotic cell (figure X) and a eukaryotic cell (figure Y).

Reformat to indicate that answer completes stem: "If glucose is absent but lactose is present, the lac operon will be____________."

activated

In prokaryotic cells, ribosomes are found in/on the _______________.

cytoplasm

Which enzyme initiates the splitting of the double DNA strand during replication?

helicase

In eukaryotes, what is DNA wrapped around?

histones

Which portion of a chromosome contains Okazaki fragments?

lagging strand

What is often the first amino acid added to a polypeptide chain?

methionine

Where are the RNA components of ribosomes synthesized?

nucleolus

Which technique used to manipulate genetic material results in a significant increase in DNA or RNA fragments?

polymerase chain reaction (PCR)

What are introns?

untranslated DNA sequences in a gene