Unit 6-the runway gives back

At Least 30 Wears Per Garment

The sustainable fashion movement may affect how much clothing and how many accessories you buy. Livia Firth founded a company that certifies how sustainable certain brands are. She advises, "The biggest message is every time you buy something, always think, 'Will I wear it a minimum of 30 times?'" If you won't, Firth suggests, buy something else instead—something that you can adapt, restyle or re-accessorize instead of wearing it once or twice and then purging it from your closet. As you may have guessed, there's an app to help you with this. The Twitter account 30Wears offers an app that helps you track how many times you have worn different garments.

rhetorical questions

These are questions that you don't intend for audience members to answer aloud; instead, they are designed to get people thinking.

What do the clothing designers Rag & Bone and Eileen Fisher have in common?

They both encourage customers to return worn-out clothes for reuse.

critical thinking

This means going beyond just reading and remembering information. Instead, critical thinkers evaluate what they learn—they decide whether certain information is valuable or worthwhile. They analyze information, which means taking it apart and figuring out how the different pieces fit together. Also, they make decisions and solve problems. In your schooling and your career, you will need to think critically on your own and when working as part of a group.

Shoes (and More) for the Most Needy

Toms, a shoe company that was one of the pioneers of social entrepreneurship. Toms began in 2006 with this promise: every time a customer bought a pair of shoes, the company would donate a pair to a needy person. The model was successful enough that the company expanded to coffee and eyeglass frames, both with the same one-for-one model. The impact of Toms has been astonishing. As of 2019, the company had given away 95 million pairs of shoes, funded 780,000 sight-restoring operations, and provided 722,000 weeks of safe water for at-risk communities. Toms has donated to most states within the United States and to dozens of countries around the world.

Sustainable Treatment of Workers

Traditionally, many people who have worked in the textile industry received low pay for long hours, sometimes under dangerous conditions. Today, many designers want to improve conditions for farmers, textile workers, and garment workers.

Lesson 5: including everyone

Unit 6

Paint a Word Picture

Use a surprising fact or a vivid quotation to keep audience member's attention. Here's an example: "According to the Centers for Disease Control, 20 percent of American adults have some type of disability."

Country of Origin

Was the necktie you are buying made in China, El Salvador, France, the United States, or elsewhere? The label will tell you. People who want to buy clothing made in their own country appreciate this information.

How Things Used to Be

What was the fashion industry like in the decades and centuries before sustainable fashion became a widespread interest? For one thing, farmers and farmworkers received little pay for the cotton and flax they grew. In some regions of the southern United States, cotton was the result of slave labor. In some regions of the northern United States, young people (mostly women) received low pay to work in textile mills. Some garment factories were (and still are) sweatshops—factories where adults and sometimes children work long hours for low pay in conditions that may be dangerous. Dyes for cloth included harmful substances such as arsenic, a poison.Local governments did not monitor the dumping of dyes, detergents, and runoff water unless the substances attracted rats. Birds such as the snowy egret were hunted almost to extinction to provide feathers for ladies' hats.

Which is an advantage of algae-based clothing?

When you are done with it, you can compost it.

Name of Manufacturer or Dealer

Who made that jacket? The label will tell you. You may need this information if you buy clothing that turns out to be shoddily made and you want to write a letter of complaint.

Imani has severe allergies to certain fabrics. Which part of garment labeling laws is likely MOST important to her?

fiber content(If Imani is allergic to wool, rubber, or synthetic fibers, then the fiber content information on garment labels will be extremely helpful to her.

What innovation has made crowdfunding much more popular in recent years?

social media

Logan is completing an oral history project for school. He interviews his grandmother and finds out that she used to work in a coat factory. She worked long hours but made very little money. Sometimes her employers locked the fire doors to make sure nobody sneaked out, even though it is illegal and dangerous to lock those doors. What is this type of workplace called?

sweatshop

exam

unit 6

lesson 1:sustainable fashion

unit 6

lesson 2: social entrepreneurship

unit 6

lesson 3:changing the ideal of beauty

unit 6

lesson 4:Giving back personally

unit 6

You are leading a team that is putting together a job fair for aspiring designers. You are reviewing different conference spaces that you might want to rent for the job fair. Which of these would you expect to see in a conference space that has barrier-free design?

wide doorways(Wide doorways are an important part of barrier-free design because they allow people who are using wheelchairs, walkers, or other assistive devices to gain entrance easily.

Explain Your Purpose

Near the beginning of your presentation, tell audience members the goal of your presentation. Is it to convince people to hold a certain point of view or take a certain action? Is it to inform them about a topic they should know about? Perhaps you are seeking to entertain them or to express yourself about a topic that matters to you.

Which U.S. government agency makes sure workplaces are safe?

OSHA

Presenting Ideas

One of the most important parts of leadership is clear communication. You may be able to communicate effectively one on one or in a small group, but eventually, you will probably need to make a presentation to a larger group.Preparing ahead of time and practicing an explanation of your design makes any presentation seem more polished.

Public Relations

Public relations has to do with affecting how other people think of a person, team, or institution. As you produce projects and present information, think about how your words and actions may affect others' perception of you. Will they think of you as a smart, thoughtful, sincere person? Will your words and actions present your school and community in a positive way? Effectively managing public relations can be another way to show leadership.

What Is Social Entrepreneurship?

Recall that an entrepreneur is someone who creates or reimagines a business, manages it, and takes responsibility for it. A social entrepreneur is someone who makes or builds a business enterprise that helps other people or improves the condition of the planet. This person wants to make the world a better place in addition to earning success and money. A social entrepreneur can work solo or as part of a team.

Which of the following people is likely doing the BEST job at leading a group:

Shane, who makes sure the shy people in the group get heard

Problem 1: Receiving Payment

Social entrepreneurship often involves providing goods and services to the people who are least likely to be able to pay for them. This economic model is difficult to sustain.

Stella belongs to a fashion club. The president of the club has asked her to make an informal presentation to club members about minimalist fashion. Which of these questions does it make the MOST sense for Stella to ask?

"About how long would you like the presentation to be?"

vauge opinion

"For our charity fashion show, I think we should find a location that is wheelchair accessible because that would be a nice thing to do."

informed opinion

"For our charity fashion show, I think we should find a location that is wheelchair accessible because... 1.the Americans with Disabilities Act has been in place for decades now, so we should be able to find a place that fits our budget and has a ramp." 2.local data shows that 5 percent of people in our community use wheelchairs, and they should have the same chance to see our fashion show as anyone else." 1. I've talked with several models and the emcee, and all of them have grandparents who want to come to the show. Some of the grandparents use wheelchairs, walkers, or canes. If we find a wheelchair-accessible venue, then more family members will be able to come."

-------------------------------------------------

----------------------------------

-------------------------------------------------

--------------------------------------

----------------------------------------------------

---------------------------------------

--------------------------------------------------------

---------------------------------------

-------------------------------------------------------

-------------------------------------------

Formal Presentations

A formal presentation is usually longer and more structured than an informal one, and it often involves the use of visual aids such as slides, maps, charts, photographs, videos, or objects. The advice for informal presentations also applies to formal presentations, but formal presentations often require more effort and expertise from you. Here are some good tips for a great formal presentation:

Consider Using Visuals

A poster, diagram, video, or object can focus audience interest and make your meaning clearer. If you did not make the visual or gather the data yourself, include a source line saying where it came from.

Rodrigues is a blogger who is writing an article on Americans and their clothes buying habits. He wants to discuss the time period from 1980 until today. Which fact would Rodrigues MOST likely include in his article?

Americans are buying more clothes than they used to.

Informal Presentations

An informal presentation usually involves speaking briefly and perhaps demonstrating a process or (in the case of fashion design) displaying a garment and pointing out its features. Informal presentations can be for one person or for hundreds. Informal presentations don't require visual aids. However, there are still steps you can take to make sure your presentation is polished and effective. Let's take a look at some of those:

Minimalism for Maximum Effect

Another environment-related trend is minimalism. This means wearing clothing that is simply designed and in a limited range of colors. Often it also means limiting the number of clothes in your closet. This trend is related to the 30Wears movement in that both schools of thought encourage you to consider whether you really need all the items you buy and how you can get the most out of them. Some people refer to this as a capsule wardrobe because once you have the few basic items, you only need to switch up the pieces to give you an entire month's worth of outfits!

Presenting Ideas in Writing

As a leader, you may need to create or collaborate slides, posters, handouts, or other materials. This is where the time you spent in English class comes in handy. As you write, edit, and proofread written materials, do your best to make them free of errors. Make sure you are using the correct terminology—in other words, the technical terms or specialized vocabulary that people use to describe a certain area or field of study. You've learned lots of terminology in this class, such as the names of the parts of a sewing machine. Here are some important things to keep in mind when putting together written materials that will be presented:

Content

As you gain knowledge, you will write specialized content about fashion or other topics. Make sure your content is precise and accurate. You may need to fact-check in well-known newspapers or magazines or by completing an informational interview with an expert, for example.

Participating in Groups

As you may have guessed by now, working in groups is often an essential part of being a leader. Great leaders use active listening techniques to ascertain that they understand other group members. They politely keep the group on task if people begin off-topic discussions or spend a long time on one or two small details. They "make a space" for everyone in the group, including people who tend to be shy or soft-spoken. And they are able to accurately sum up what the group has discovered or decided and then help put it into practice. All these talents are examples of interpersonal skills—abilities that help you work smoothly with other people.

Offering Expertise

As your knowledge and skills grow, you may find yourself becoming an expert in a certain area of fashion or in a certain skill (such as making presentations, creating complex garments, or putting on fashion shows). Congratulations—your knowledge is growing! Continue to develop your skills by practicing, reading, talking with others, and perhaps conducting informational interviews. Also, do your best to share your knowledge with others who are interested.

Mentoring

As your leadership skills and expertise grow, you may want to consider mentoring others. A mentor is a trustworthy guide or counselor. You may have had teachers or coaches who mentored you. By teaching others, you can pass along what you have learned. And many times, the best way to learn something is to teach it to someone else, so mentoring can actually help you strengthen and refine your skills.

.

Barrier-free design benefits everyone in a community because any community member can become permanently disabled or temporarily disabled—by spraining an ankle or breaking a leg, for example.People often overlook how many places lack accessibility.When you're considering which space to use or where to place furniture, take accurate measurements so you know that the aisles will accommodate a walker or wheelchair. After all, the most beautiful interior space in the world won't make a difference if people want to enter it and can't. Check the internet to find out acceptable measurements for barrier-free design in your community. For example, the US Department of Veterans Affairs requires doorways to be at least 3 feet 10 inches wide (1,150 millimeters), and it requires at least one bathroom to have grab bars to make maneuvering easier.

Problem 2: Compensating Employees

Because the focus of these businesses is usually to provide as much as possible to needy people, company leaders may pay low salaries and offer few benefits to their own employees. This can lead to low morale, high turnover (in other words, many employees leaving), and poor-quality work.

Marcus is out shopping with a friend who is interested in sustainable fashion. He finds a bright white T-shirt that he likes, but she suggests an off-white one instead. Which of these is the MOST likely reason for her suggestion?

Bleaches can harm the environment.

Changing the World...Through Socks?

Bombas is a high-end sock company. Its founders, Randy Goldberg and David Heath, were surprised to hear that socks are the most requested items at homeless shelters. They decided to found a company with an unusual twist: Every time someone bought a pair of Bombas socks, the company would donate a pair to a person in need. In 2018, Bombas donated 10 million pairs of socks. The company has since expanded to T-shirts, with the same buy-one-donate-one strategy.Bombas makes it easy for consumers to help others, just by purchasing socks.

Care Instructions

Can you machine wash your new pants? What about ironing them? The care labels help you avoid the disappointment and waste that come from damaging a garment while trying to clean it.

Punctuation

Can't remember when to use its and when to use it's? It's important to look up the difference so your work will receive its proper consideration. Punctuation errors may seem minor, but they can distract readers and make your writing seem less polished.

Sustainable Fibers

Cotton requires land, water, and pesticides. Synthetic fibers do not require these things, but they are not biodegradable. Some manufacturers are looking for more sustainable options, such as algae, banana husks, and bamboo.

Tell How You Know What You Know

Explain where you found the facts, details, quotations, and ideas you are presenting.

Models with Special Needs

Fashion shows that feature models who have disabilities are becoming more common. The Limitless Fashion Show in North Dakota features clothing from local boutiques. The mission of the show is not only to present the latest fashions but also to demonstrate how slight modifications of those clothes make it possible for people with disabilities to wear them.Incorporating a wide range of people in fashion shows draws more customers and makes everyone feel included.

Laws Related to the Textile Industry

Federal, state, and local agencies continue to inspect textile factories to make sure that buildings are well ventilated, since chemicals used to process the textiles can be harmful. An old practice of locking the factory doors is outlawed because of the danger that a fire or explosion might occur. Workers must be able to safely evacuate the building. Government agencies also enforce labeling laws for garments. In other words, they require manufacturers to list specific information on clothing labels. Let's take a look at what type of information must be included on these labels.

What is the main reason manufacturers list the fabric content of each garment on its tag?

Government laws require it.

The Benefits of Crowdfunding

How do social entrepreneurs and other entrepreneurs get the money they need to start their businesses? In recent years, much of this "seed money" has come from crowdfunding. In crowdfunding, a person or group seeks financial backing from dozens, hundreds, or thousands of investors rather than trying to convince a few investors to entrust the new business with significant funds. With crowdfunding, friends, relatives, and strangers can all have a small stake in a business and fund its progress. In recent years social media has made crowdfunding easier and more popular. Kickstarter and Indiegogo are two of the most popular crowdfunding sites.

Including Everyone

However, don't forget the importance of accessibility and barrier-free design. This means that the place you are presenting in or working in has no stairs, steps, ladders, narrow doorways, or narrow hallways that would make it difficult or impossible for someone with a wheelchair, walker, or cane to navigate. Another name for barrier-free design is universal design. This type of design often has ramps, inclines, or other accommodations that allow people full use of the space. If it has toilet facilities, then those facilities are designed in a way that someone using a wheelchair can get into and out of the bathroom and use that bathroom safely.

Practice

If possible, practice your presentation a few times for friends or family. Ask for feedback about what you did well and areas where you could improve. If you aren't able to practice in front of others, try practicing in front of a mirror. Does your presentation have a time limit? If so, that makes practicing even more important.

The Downside of Social Entrepreneurship

If social entrepreneurship is so successful, why doesn't everybody do it? The short answer is that it can be challenging and can lead to unexpected and unintended side effects.

Be Loud and Clear

If you are speaking to a group, make sure everyone can hear you. Make eye contact with different people in the group.

Introduce Yourself

If you don't know everyone in your audience, you may want to tell them your name and briefly explain how you learned about your topic.

Find Out If There's a Time Limit

If you have a limited time to make your presentation, then factor that in as you consider how much detail you will go into.

Restrictions on Child Labor

In 1900, 16 percent of the US labor force was made up of children younger than 16. Voters and activist groups began asking lawmakers to make sure that children were in schools, not in workplaces, and those lawmakers began restricting the hours and types of labor that young people could perform. Child labor is still a problem in some countries, but today more than 90 percent of young children worldwide are enrolled in school. Unions and legislation have helped many adult workers improve their working conditions, hours, and rates of pay.

What Is Sustainable Fashion?

In response to all this excess, some designers, manufacturers, and consumers are exploring sustainable fashion. Sustainable fashion includes clothing and accessories that are less harmful to the earth, to wildlife, to the environment, and to the humans who make them. Other names for sustainable fashion are eco-fashion or slow fashion. This type of fashion covers many areas, with some people focusing exclusively on one area (such as labor conditions) and others focusing on other areas (such as sustainable textile protection and the use of nontoxic dyes). Sustainable fashion applies to interior design, too, because furniture, rugs, and wall treatments often involve cloth or fibers.

Why Things Changed

In those early days, many who wore fashion gave little thought about how it was manufactured. Slowly, the public was made aware of some of the deep issues plaguing the fashion industry. For example, in 1907, the National Child Labor Committee hired Lewis Hines, a sociologist, to travel the United States, photographing children working in fields, factories, mines, and city streets. Hines's images shocked the public and uncovered some of the terrible conditions that existed in places like cotton mills. Other similar exposes have brought issues to the forefront. As people became more aware of others' working conditions, they began to demand change.

Be Ready for Questions

Informal presentations often lead to discussions. Try to anticipate what listeners may ask and have answers ready. If a question comes up that you didn't plan for, it's okay to say, "I will find out and get back to you" or "I need to give that some thought."

Fiber Content

Is that new shirt made of cotton, polyester, linen, or some combination? The clothing label will tell you. This is essential information for people who are allergic to wool, polyester, or other substances. It's also valuable to vegans who avoid wool and other animal products.

Supply Audience Questions, Just in Case

It can feel anticlimactic to conclude your presentation and ask your audience, "Do you have any questions?" only to hear silence. If that happens, you may want to say, "People often ask about..." and then ask and answer a brief question related to your topic.

In what way are bamboo and banana fibers renewable resources?

It is possible to grow more bamboo and more banana plants.

Showing Leadership

Leadership means being able to communicate a vision to others and motivate those others to work with you to achieve goals. It does not necessarily mean having the fanciest title or the greatest number of followers. Your teachers and family members may have told you, "Stand up for what you believe in!"

What the Future May Hold

Let's look at some trends that may soon be coming to a closet near you. As you read, think about whether these ideas appeal to you and how effective they may be in making fashion more sustainable.

Sustainable Dyeing and Production

Making the average T-shirt requires 2,700 liters of water, mostly to grow the cotton. [2] Dyes, bleaches, detergents, and other substances make textiles beautiful but also can harm the environment.

Why did the work of Lewis Hines in the early 1900s have a long-term impact on the fashion industry?

More people realized that children were making cotton cloth. close

Clothing That Gets Recycled

Some designers want to be sure that you don't throw that garment in the trash when it is no longer useful to you. The womenswear designer Eileen Fisher offers a $5 credit for a used Eileen Fisher garment in any condition. Clothes that are still wearable get repaired and resold. Clothes that are beyond repair get made into pillows and wall hangings. The company has taken back more than a million items of clothing since 2009. Another company, Rag & Bone, encourages customers to return their worn-out jeans to Rag & Bone retail stores. What happens to the old jeans? They become insulation for homes. Think about how you could reuse or recycle unwanted clothing in your community.

Models with Down Syndrome

Some fashion shows are especially for people who have Down syndrome, a chromosomal disorder that includes mild to moderate cognitive impairment. The Gigi's Playhouse fashion show in New York has featured young people with Down syndrome ranging in age from toddlers to teenagers. A fashion show in Damascus, Syria, has also been devoted to young people with the condition. The largest fundraiser for people with Down syndrome is the Be Beautiful Be Yourself Fashion Show, held annually in Denver. Down syndrome can lead to the development of shorter arms and legs, as well as difficulty with fine motor control. So designers who want to cater to those with Down syndrome should consider altering the sleeves and legs of garments and limiting the number of buttons and other closures. Some designers and companies focus on making clothes or accessories for people with particular disabilities. The fashion world calls these people and organizations specialty providers. Some specialty providers to the Down syndrome community also create clothing for people who do not have visible disabilities. This is so friends or family members can dress alike

Grammar

Some grammar errors, such as run-on sentences, make it hard for your audience to understand you. Other grammar errors, such as not knowing the difference between your and you're, make people wonder if you have spent much time on the piece you have written. When you get rid of grammar mistakes, you let people focus on your message.

Sustainable Treatment of Animals

Some people object to the use of fur in fashion designs. Others object to the use of leather and other animal hides. Still others believe using wool is cruel to sheep and goats. As part of the sustainable fashion movement, designers are seeking materials and fabrics that are cruelty free.

Editing

Sometimes you may type the last word of a piece and say "That's it! I'm done!" You may be done with the first draft, but be sure to edit your work before turning it in. Look for mistakes. Consider rewrites. If possible, exchange assignments with a friend and check each other's work. If not, read your draft out loud.

Clothing Made from By-Products

Sustainable fabrics may come from by-products of other processes. For example, manufacturers spin banana fibers out of stems, leaves, and husks that fall by the wayside when farmers grow bananas. Cloth from banana fibers is extraordinarily strong, which can help if you are determined to wear each item of clothing at least 30 times. Bamboo fabrics are also becoming fashionable—partly because of their smooth feel and attractive drape and partly because bamboo can grow in poor soil. Therefore, farmers can grow, harvest, and sell bamboo while keeping their higher-quality land to grow food. Some manufacturers are even creating fabric out of algae. When you're done with algae-based clothing, you can put it in a compost bin, where it becomes soil rather than a landfill. These sustainable fabrics can be a wise alternative to synthetic fibers, which often have a petroleum base. Petroleum is a nonrenewable resource, while banana trees, bamboo, and algae are renewable.

Restrictions on Adult Labor

The Occupational Health and Safety Administration (OSHA) is a federal government agency that makes sure American workplaces are safe. OSHA regulations cover almost all workers in the country. Representatives of this agency inspect workplaces for hazards and publish guidelines on how to handle potentially dangerous substances. Workers who believe their workplace is unsafe can file a complaint with OSHA and request an inspection that is confidential—the government does not reveal the complainant's name to the employer. You may see OSHA posters or notices in your workplace. Following OSHA rules and regulations and any applicable state or local regulations is essential for your own safety and that of others.

Problem 3: Unintended Side Effects

The goal of Toms was to provide shoes to needy people so they could spend more on food and so children would have an easier time getting to school. However, the company's generosity actually harmed some people. When Toms made shoes available for free, local shoe stores and shoe repair services lost money.

Models Who Use Wheelchairs

Who was the first wheelchair user to appear on a runway during New York Fashion Week? That honor went to Dr. Danielle Sheypuk, who has cerebral palsy and uses a motorized wheelchair. Dr. Sheypuk got her start in pageants, where she won the title of Ms. Wheelchair New York. Her Fashion Week debut was in February 2014 for designer Carrie Hammer. In addition to being a model, Dr. Sheypuk is a psychologist.

Consider Your Audience

Who will be listening to your talk? What do they most likely already know, and what might they need help with?

Start and Finish Strongly

Your audience is most likely to remember what you say first and what you say last. Therefore, try to make those points especially strong.

What factor has led some designers to begin adapting clothing to better suit special-needs clients?

a sense of fairness

Your teacher has asked you to give a presentation about fashion and technology at a local senior center. Where in your presentation should you include the information that you MOST want audience members to remember?

at the beginning or the end(People are most likely to remember what you say at the start of your presentation and at the finish.

You and some friends want to sell beaded bracelets. For each bracelet someone buys, you plan to donate enough to provide one meal at a local shelter. One of your friends suggests looking for a large number of financial backers online through a website and social media. What money-raising technique is your friend suggesting?

crowdfunding(Crowdfunding means seeking financial backing from dozens, hundreds, or thousands of investors rather than trying to convince a few investors to entrust the new business with significant funds.

Diandra is interested in a career in public relations. If she achieves her dream, which of these tasks is she MOST likely to accomplish?

getting the word out to more than 500 local fashion enthusiasts so they know about an upcoming charity fashion event

The Environmental Movement

he environmental movement that began in the 1960s and 1970s made people more aware of the harm humans were causing the planet. Legislation such as the Clean Air Act and the Clean Water Act put restrictions on pollution. The anti-fur movement, which began in the 1970s and strengthened in the 1980s, caused people to rethink their purchases of feathered hats and fur coats. More people became interested in veganism, which involves consuming no animal products. Vegans don't eat meat, of course, but most of them also don't wear fur, leather, pearls, ivory, wool, or anything else that came from an animal.

On average, how many liters of water does it take to manufacture one cotton T-shirt?

more than 2,500

A client asks you to create a tuxedo for his son who has Down syndrome. Which of these modifications makes the MOST sense for someone with this disability?

pants with shorter legs(People who have Down syndrome tend to have shorter-than-usual arms and legs, so this is a likely modification.