Unit 7 Anatomy

If a sample of blood is deoxygenated, where is it likely to be found in the circulatory system of the human body?

At the beginning of the pulmonary circuit.

Why are renal arteries important for the functioning of the human organism?

Because they serve the kidneys.

Which of the following statements is true about major blood vessels?

Coronary arteries are narrow and can become blocked with plaque.

When is the human heart under the lowest pressure?

During diastole

When is blood forced into the aorta of the human heart?

During systole

What would happen if a person's baroreceptors stopped working?

Plaque would begin collecting and building up in the arteries.

Which valve opens when the left ventricle contracts?

The Aortic Semilunar Valve

Which valve prevents backflow into the right atrium when the ventricles contract?

The Tricuspid Valve

Which of the following statements is true about the blood found in the pulmonary arteries?

The blood is low in oxygen and under relatively low pressure.

How does the celiac trunk differ from the descending aorta?

The celiac trunk is the first branch off of the abdominal aorta, while the descending aorta is a very large artery that originates right off of the left ventricle of the heart.

Which of the following explanations describe the cardiac cycle of the human heart?

The events that happen during a single heartbeat

The blood in the pulmonary veins travels to ___________.

The left atrium of the heart

Which part of the following human body is NOT considered a part of the circulatory system?

The lungs

The circulation of blood from the right side of the human heart to the lungs and back to the heart completes which circuit?

The pulmonary circuit

What is the difference between the walls of the two ventricles and why?

The right ventricle wall contains more baroreceptors because it must push blood to the lungs.

Which events are not happening during diastole of the human heart?

The semilunar valves are open.

Which of the following statements describes the end-diastolic volume?

The volume of blood in the ventricles after the atria contract

Which of the following statements is false about veins?

They carry blood away from the heart.

Arteries in the circulatory system are the blood vessels experiencing the highest pressure. How are the arteries adapted to experience such high pressures?

They have thick elastic walls which allow the vessels to expand and recoil.

What is the job of the human body's pulmonary circuit?

To carry blood to the lungs so carbon dioxide can be released and oxygen can be picked up.

What is the purpose of the systemic circuit of the human body?

To supply blood rich in oxygen and nutrients to the body.

Describe the action of one-way valves found inside the veins.

Veins are under low pressure and valves prevent the backflow of blood due to gravity.

Blood flows through a closed circulatory system. Where in the system does the exchange of gases and nutrients occur?

capillary beds

Which of the following arteries MOST directly supplies blood to the legs?

common iliac arteries

Pericardium

fibrous connective tissue layer that encompasses the entire heart and the roots of the great vessels

Which area of the body is not supplied blood by branches coming off of the aortic arch?

heart

Which of the following structures is not fed by branches from the thoracic aorta?

kidneys

Epicardium

layer of muscle found covering the external surfaces of the heart

The ascending aorta receives blood from _____.

left ventricle

Myocardium

muscular middle layer of the heart wall that contains the cardiac muscle tissue

Epicardium

outermost layer of the heart wall and is just another name for the visceral layer of the pericardium

What is the name of the circuit that travels from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart?

pulmonary circuit

Which of the following structures contains the most richly-oxygenated blood?

pulmonary veins

Which of the following blood vessels are the terminal branches of the abdominal aorta?

renal arteries

Which chamber receives blood returning to the heart from the body?

right atrium

Which chamber of the heart receives blood from the lungs?

right ventricle

Which structure does the pulmonary trunk carry blood from?

right ventricle

Myocardium

the muscular tissue of the heart.

You are comparing audio recordings of the heartbeats of three different patients. In patient #3, you notice that the second thump of the heartbeat sounds much weaker and fainter. You would suspect that this patient's heart issue is associated with _____.

the semilunar valves not snapping shut correctly

Endocardium

the thin, smooth membrane that lines the inside of the chambers of the heart and forms the surface of the valves.

Endocardium

thin, smooth membrane that lines the inside of the chambers of the heart and forms the surface of the valves.

Name the very thin, flattened cells lining the inner walls of capillaries.

venules