Unit: Cell structure and function
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Which of the following processes will be most immediately disrupted by this side effect?
ATP synthesis
Which of the following statements about cell structures best supports the common ancestry of all living things?
All cells contain ribosomes.
Which of the following cell structures is most likely responsible for the plant's wilted appearance?
Central vacuole
Which of the following plant cell structures is most likely to contain chlorophyll a?
Chloroplast
Which of the following structures is most likely damaged in the cell?
Endoplasmic reticulum
Which of the following is a likely immediate consequence of this damage?
Glucose production in the cell will decrease.
In which of the following structures are the hydrolytic enzymes most likely to accumulate?
Golgi complex
Which of the following cell structures is most likely associated with the accumulation of gangliosides?
Lysosomes
Which of the following best describes how vacuoles differ between plant cells and animal cells?
Plant cells typically have a single vacuole while animal cells have multiple vacuoles.
Which of the following statements is true for both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
Ribosomes synthesize proteins using mRNA sequences.
Which of the following most accurately explains why the Golgi complex is often near the rough ER?
The Golgi complex modifies and packages proteins that are produced in the rough ER.
A cytologist uses a microscope to compare a human hepatocyte and a human epithelial cell. She observes that the smooth endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of the hepatocyte is larger and contains more folds than the smooth ER of the epithelial cell. Which of the following is best supported by this observation?
The hepatocyte is able to synthesize lipids more efficiently than the epithelial cell.
Which of the following best describes how the internal environment of a lysosome compares to the environment of the cytosol?
The internal environment of a lysosome is more acidic than the cytosol.
Which of the following best explains why excess lipids accumulate in individuals with Wolman disease?
The lysosomes contain an insufficient amount of lipid-digesting enzymes.
Which of the following is the most likely outcome of Leigh syndrome on affected mitochondria?
The mitochondria cannot produce sufficient ATP to power normal cellular processes.
A student uses a microscope to compare a human skeletal muscle cell and a human epithelial cell. The student observes that the muscle cell has more mitochondria than the epithelial cell. Which of the following conclusions is best supported by this observation?
The muscle cell requires more ATP than the epithelial cell.
Which of the following best describes a difference between the rough ER and the smooth ER?
The rough ER has ribosomes on its surface, but the smooth ER does not.
Which of the following statements about the unknown cell is most likely true?
The unknown cell can perform photosynthesis.
Which of the following best describes the function of the structures labeled X?
They translate mRNA into amino acid sequences.
Which of the following best describes how the central vacuole helps support the structure of a plant cell?
When the central vacuole is full of water, it applies pressure to the cell wall and maintains the shape of the cell.
