Unit Test: The Periodic Table

How were the gaps left in Mendeleev's version of the periodic table beneficial?

The gaps allowed predictions of properties of the elements that would be discovered and what properties an element would have when it was first discovered.

Where are Metals located on the periodic table?

The left hand side of the periodic table

Where are non-metals located on the periodic table?

The upper right-hand side

What was the problem that Rutherford's model revealed about Mendeleev's periodic table?

There was a problem with periodicity when elements are arranged by atomic mass.

What is true about halogens?

They have seven valence electrons.

What do non-metals do with valence electrons?

They usually gain valence electrons.

True or False: Metalloids have properties of both metals and non-metals

True.

Atomic radius tends to decrease as you move ______.

Up a column on the periodic table.

The reactivity of nonmetals tends to increase as you move __________.

Up a column on the periodic table.

Electronegativity tends to decrease as you move _____.

down a column on the periodic table.

The reactivity of metals tends to increase as you move ___________.

down a column on the periodic table.

What is periodicity?

grouping according to repeating patterns

What are halogens often used for?

light bulbs

What are the properties of non-metals?

mostly gases, brittle, dull, low density, insulators.

List the 6 properties of metals.

1. High melting points 2. Most are reactive 3. Conductive 4. Malleable 5. Ductile (can be pulled into a long, thin wire.) 6. Luster (Shiny)

List the 6 properties of non-metals.

1. Low melting point and boiling points 2. (When in a solid state) - Brittle - Poor conductivity - Dull surfaces 3. Insulator 4. Hold their valence electrons tightly 5. They don't share the electrons 6. Only form molecules through different (weaker) attractions.

List the 6 properties of metalloids.

1. Solid at room temperature 2. Luster 3. Brittle 4. Behave like non-metals 5. Semi-conductor 6. Hold onto their valence electrons more tightly than metals, less tightly than non-metals.

How many groups are there in the periodic table?

18

How many elements did Lavoisier's periodic table contain, in the time frame he made it?

33 known elements

Which of the following elements has the largest atomic radius? A. Ba B. F C. Ga D. P

A. Ba

Which of the following elements has the most ionization energy? A. C D. Si C. Ca D. Sr

A. C

Which of the following ions has the smallest ionic radius? A. C4+ B. B3+ C. Be2+ D. Li+

A. C4+

Which statement best describes the difference between how metals and non-metals react with other elements? A. Metals tend to lose electrons from their valence shells. B. Non-metals tend to lose electrons from their valence shells. C. Both metals and non-metals react with elements of the same type only. D. Non-metals and metals both gain and lose electrons from their valence shells.

A. Metals tend to lose electrons from their valence shells.

Which of these elements has the most nonreactive valence electron configuration? A. Ne B. Cl C. C D. I

A. Ne

Copper (Cu) is a good conductor of heat and electricity. Which of the following elements would also be a good conductor? A. silver (Ag) B. carbon (C) C. potassium (K) D. bromine (Br)

A. Silver (Ag)

Which later fit into Mendeleev's design of the periodic table? A. The discovery of noble gases B. The discovery of isotopes C. The discovery of radioactivity D. The discovery of alkali metals

A. The discovery of noble gases

Which later fit into Mendeleev's design of the periodic table? A. the discovery of noble gases B. the discovery of isotopes C. the discovery of radioactivity D. the discovery of alkali metals

A. the discovery of noble gases

Whose work contributed to the periodic table being arranged by atomic number? A. Ernest Rutherford B. Henry Moseley C. John Newlands D. Jons Jacob Berzelius

B. Henry Moseley

Which of the following elements is most likely to react vigorously with water? A. Mg B. Na C. Al D. Li

B. Na

Which of the following groups of elements is ranked from most reactive to least reactive? A. Se, S, O, N B. S, Se, Te, Po C. Rn, Xe, Kr, Ar D. C, N, O, F

B. S, Se, Te, Po

As one goes from left to right in a period, which of the following is true? A. The number of protons decreases. B. The number of valence electrons increases. C. Both A and B D. None of the above

B. The number of valence electrons increases.

What properties did Mendeleev notice about elements that caused him to leave gaps? A. reactivity B. atomic mass C. periodicity D. Abundance

B. atomic mass

How did Mendeleev name the undiscovered elements?

Based on existing elements

Which 7 elements comprise metalloids?

Boron, Silicon, As, Te, At, Ge, Sb

Which of the following atoms is most able to attract electrons? A. H B. S C. F D. Co

C. F

Which of the following groups of elements is ranked from least reactive to most reactive? A. Sr, Ca, Mg, Be B. K, Na, Li, H C. Li, Na, K, Rb D. K, Ca, Sc, Ti

C. Li, Na, K, Rb

How was Mendeleev's table different from Meyer's table? A. Mendeleev did not arrange according to chemical properties. B. Meyer did not arrange by atomic mass but Mendeleev did. C. Meyer did not leave gaps while Mendeleev did. D. Mendeleev did not arrange according to physical properties.

C. Meyer did not leave gaps while Mendeleev did.

Which of the following is not a factor thought to cause periodic trends? A. size of the nuclear charge B. distance between the nucleus and the valence electrons. C. atomic mass D. total number of electrons in an atom.

C. atomic mass

Which of the following is not a pattern recognized by the earliest scientists? A. atomic mass B. valence electrons C. atomic number D. metal, non-metal, metalloid

C. atomic number

Prior to the development of the periodic table, which of the following material properties did scientists use to classify elements? A. reactivity B. color or appearance C. both A and B D. none of the above

C. both A and B

Prior to the development of the periodic table, which of the following material properties did scientists use to classify elements? A. reactivity B. color or appearance C. both A and B D. none of the above

C. both A and B

Where are the main group elements (A model) located on the periodic table?

Columns 1,2, and 13-18

Where are the transition metals (B model) located on the periodic table?

Columns 3-12

Which of these elements has the most reactive valence electron configuration? A. Pt B. Ni C. C D. Na

D. Na

How did Mendeleev organize the elements? A. chemical properties B. atomic mass C. physical properties D. all of the above

D. all of the above

Which of the following reasons might cause the IUPAC to change the periodic table in the future? A. the discovery of new elements B. improved accuracy in the measurement of atomic masses C. scientific discoveries casting new light on data in the table. D. all of the above

D. all of the above.

Which of the following does not vary according to rows and periods in the periodic table? A. electronegativity B. ionization energy C. atomic radius D. radioactivity

D. radioactivity

Metallic character tends to increase as you move in which direction on the periodic table?

Down a column on the periodic table

The reactivity of metals tends to increase as you move _____.

Down a column on the periodic table.

Electronegativity tends to decrease as you move ___________.

Down as column on the periodic table.

What do metals do with valence electrons?

Easily gain, lose or share valence electrons.

What was the Law of Triads

Elements were arranged in groups of three. (Dobreiner)

What are alkaline earth metals used for?

Fireworks

Where are metalloids located on the periodic table?

Groups 13-16

Why did Dmitri Mendeleev leave gaps in his version of the periodic table?

He believed there were elements to be discovered that would fill the gaps. The current elements did not fit the properties without leaving gaps.

How did Mendeleev determine in which group or period he should place an element?

He grouped the elements according to their chemical and physical properties.

What did Mendeleev do differently with his periodic table?

He left open spaces

What was Johann Wolfgang Dobereiner's contribution to the periodic table?

In 1817, he organized elements by the Law of Triads. He grouped them by appearance, other physical properties and reactivity. First to group elements based on patterns.

What was Jons Jacob Berzelius's contribution to the periodic table?

In 1828, he proposed symbols to be used to represent the elements. (Symbols were based on the elements Latin names, and they're still used today.)

What was John Newlands's contribution to the periodic table?

In 1863, he arranged elements by increasing atomic mass in rows. First to arrange elements in rows (periods)

What was Dmitri Mendeleev's contribution to the periodic table?

In 1869, he organized the 63 known elements by increasing atomic mass. Utilizing density, he calculated atomic volume. (noted Periodicity) Placed these elements with similar characteristics into columns. (Groups or families)

What was Ernest Rutherford's contribution to the periodic table?

In 1900, he made the Nuclear Model of the Atom. This model revealed a problem with Mendeleev's Periodic Table.

What was Gilbert Newton Lewis's contribution to the periodic table?

In 1916, he made the Valence Bond Theory.

What was Antoine Lavoisier's contribution to the periodic table?

In the 1700s, he organized elements by metal and nonmetal.

How did Mendeleev organize the elements in the periodic table?

Increasing atomic mass

What is true about atomic and ionic radii?

Ionic radius is greater than atomic radius in an anion.

How was Mendeleev able to predict the properties of the elements that were later discovered?

Mendeleev predicted the properties based on periodicity.

How was the earliest version table organized before Mendeleev?

Metals were separated from non-metals

Rows of the periodic table are called _______.

Periods

What groups are metals found in on the periodic table?

Primarily in groups 1-12 (Some can be found in 13,14,15)

Which complete group of elements was the most recent to be discovered?

noble gases

What are Noble gases?

non-metals that are non-reactive and stable.

Where is the actinide series located?

underneath the table.