Urinalysis Exam 2 ( Lab CE 4 & 5 )

Hyaline casts

A technologist performed urine microscopic testing on a patient who submitted a urine sample following strenuous exercising. Which of the following casts is most likely to be found in this urine sample?

This represents normal kidney function.

A urine concentration test was performed on a patient after a fluid intake deprivation period with the following findings: After 12 hours Urine Osmolality = 850 mOsm/KgAfter 16 hours Urine Osmolality = 850 mOsm/Kg What do these results indicate?

Squamous epithelial cell

The cell indicated by the arrow is a:

White blood cells (WBCs)

The cells that are indicated by the arrows in this urine sediment (using phase-contrast microscopy) are:

Freezing point depression

All of the following are standard methods for measuring the specific gravity of urine, EXCEPT:

Flattened cells

All of the following are types of epithelial cells that line the genitourinary system EXCEPT:

Leucine

All of the following crystals are found in normal urine, EXCEPT?

Amorphous urates and calcium oxalate

Common crystals which can be found in ACID urine include:

Granular cast

What is the element indicated by the arrow in this image?

Calcium oxalate

What is the identification of these crystals seen in a urine with an acid pH?

Ammonium biurate

What is the identification of this crystal seen in a urine specimen with an alkaline pH?

Squamous epithelial cells (SECs)

What is the identity of the cells that are indicated by the arrow in this image?

The density of a solution compared to the density of water

Which of the following best defines specific gravity:

Lyse the red blood cells

A technologist is having trouble differentiating between red blood cells, oil droplets, and yeast cells on a urine microscopy. Acetic acid should be added to the sediment to:

Hematuria

A urine sample is cloudy pink in appearance. The microscopic examination reveals the presence of intact red blood cells. The term used to describe these findings is:

Bilirubin

A urine specimen produced yellow foam when shaken. What is the cause of the yellow foam?

Porphyrins

A urine specimen which was collected in a dark container, stored in the dark, has a pH of 7.5, and whose sample aliquot is wrapped in foil, is most likely being sent for:

They are formed in the urethra.

All of the following are characteristics of cast, EXCEPT?

Osmolality

All of the following are methods employed for measuring the specific gravity of urine, EXCEPT?

Protein

All of the following formed elements may be present in urine sediment and can be identified microscopically, EXCEPT:

3+ red blood cells (RBCs)

All of the following urinalysis findings may correlate with the presence of a yeast infection, EXCEPT:

Cholesterol crystals

Identify the crystals in the image.

Hyaline cast

Identify the urine sediment element indicated by the arrow in the illustration:

Fatty cast

Identify the urine sediment element:

Mucus threads

Identify the urine sediment elements shown by the arrow:

Uric acid crystals

Identify the urine sediment elements shown by the arrow:

WBC casts

Identify the urine sediment elements shown by the arrow:

Waxy cast

Identify the urine sediment elements shown by the arrow:

Fiber artifact

The microscopic finding illustrated in this image is a _____?

Neutrophil

What type of white blood cell is seen MOST frequently in urine sediment with infections of the urinary system?

Yeast

When analyzing urine sediment, which of the following cells are about the same size as red blood cells?

Hyaline casts and granular casts

Which of the following casts might be found in the urine of a healthy individual after strenuous exercise?

Kidney

White blood cell casts are MOST likely to indicate disease of the:

Ethylene glycol

A 62-year-old man drank an unknown liquid in a suicide attempt, and his urine contained crystals similar in shape to those shown in this image. This man MOST likely ingested:

Ammonium biurate crystals

A microscopic examination of a normal urine pH 8.0 shows 2+ yellow-brown thorny spheres which are MOST probably:

Hematuria

An increased number of the cells seen in the image, upon microscopic examination of urine is termed:

Bacteria, and the WBCs

Below are the urinalysis results of a female patient completed within two hours of collection. The slight turbidity observed correlates most likely with which of the following results?

Neutrophil

Glitter cell is a term used to describe a specific type of:

Specific gravity increases as ionic concentration increases.

How does ion concentration in the urine relate to specific gravity?

Massive muscle trauma

Myoglobinuria is MOST likely to be noted in urine specimens from patients with which of the following disorders?

Tyrosine

Name the crystals present on this slide.

Anisotropic cholesterol droplets

Substances found in urinary sediment that are more easily distinguished by the use of a polarized microscope are:

Oval fat bodies

The Sudan III stain is used to confirm the presence of:

Red blood cell cast

The element that is indicated by the arrow is a:

Red to brown

The oxidation of hemoglobin to methemoglobin in acidic urine after several hours may cause which of the following color to produce?

10 - 15 mL

The volume of urine recommended for centrifugation for a microscopic examination is:

Bilirubin crystals

The yellow clumped needles or granule-like crystals that are indicated by the arrows in the image are:

Bacteria

What are the microscopic elements that are indicated by arrows in this image?

The bacteria may make the pH more alkaline.

What effect may bacterial contamination have on urine pH?

Urinary tract infection

What is the MOST probable condition when a clean-catch urine specimen gave these results:Appearance = cloudy, amber pH 5.0Specific Gravity = 1.015,Protein = 1+Glucose = negativeOccult Blood = traceNitrite = positive Microscopic = many bacteria and 30 - 40 WBC/HPF.