Urinary system lecture quiz
The urinary bladder
A. stores urine until it is voided.
The collecting duct becomes more permeable to water when
ADH production increases
Put the portions of the male urethra in the correct order, from the urinary bladder to the exterior. a: Spongy part b: Urethral orifice c: Prostatic part d: Membranous part
C, D, A, B
Which is not a function of the kidneys
Regulation of lymphocyte production
Place the regions of the nephron in the correct order for the process of urine formation. a: Capsular space of glomerulus b: Nephron loop c: Collecting duct d: Distal convoluted tubule e: Proximal convoluted tubule
a, e, b, d, c
Aldosterone acts on the __________.
distal convoluted tubule
The portion of the nephron that empties into the collecting duct is the
distal convoluted tubule
The openings between the endothelial cells of the glomerular capillaries are called
fenestrae
An obstruction in the afferent arteriole would reduce the flow of blood into the
glomerulus
The renal corpuscle consist of
glomerulus and bowman's capsule
Normal urine has a specific gravity that is ________ than the specific gravity of pure water; dehydration leads to a __________ in the specific gravity of urine.
higher; increase
If someone is bleeding severely, the body's adaptive response is to
increase sympathetic stimulation of the kidney and therefore decrease GFR.
The juxtaglomerular apparatus is composed of
juxtaglomerular cells and macula densa
What is the correct sequence of organs for the formation and elimination of urine
kidney, ureter, bladder, urethra
Water reabsorption by the renal tubules uses
osmosis
In response to low blood ________, the kidneys secrete __________.
oxygen; erythropoietin
The vasa recta is a specialized portion of the
peritubular capillary
In a healthy kidney, very little ___ is filtered by the glomerulus.
protein
Most water is reabsorbed from the filtrate in the
proximal convoluted tubule
Most tubular reabsorption occurs in the
proximal convoluted tubule, where cells have many microvilli.
parathyroid hormone (PTH)
stimulates reabsorption of calcium but inhibits phosphate reabsorption.
The overall purpose of the countercurrent exchange system is to
supply salt and urea to the renal medulla
The proximal convoluted tubule is
the site of glucose and amino acid reabsorption
Urine is carried from the kidneys to the urinary bladder by the
ureter
Which of the following would reduce the glomerular filtration rate?
vasoconstriction of the afferent arteriole