Urinary system lecture quiz

The urinary bladder

A. stores urine until it is voided.

The collecting duct becomes more permeable to water when

ADH production increases

Put the portions of the male urethra in the correct order, from the urinary bladder to the exterior. a: Spongy part b: Urethral orifice c: Prostatic part d: Membranous part

C, D, A, B

Which is not a function of the kidneys

Regulation of lymphocyte production

Place the regions of the nephron in the correct order for the process of urine formation. a: Capsular space of glomerulus b: Nephron loop c: Collecting duct d: Distal convoluted tubule e: Proximal convoluted tubule

a, e, b, d, c

Aldosterone acts on the __________.

distal convoluted tubule

The portion of the nephron that empties into the collecting duct is the

distal convoluted tubule

The openings between the endothelial cells of the glomerular capillaries are called

fenestrae

An obstruction in the afferent arteriole would reduce the flow of blood into the

glomerulus

The renal corpuscle consist of

glomerulus and bowman's capsule

Normal urine has a specific gravity that is ________ than the specific gravity of pure water; dehydration leads to a __________ in the specific gravity of urine.

higher; increase

If someone is bleeding severely, the body's adaptive response is to

increase sympathetic stimulation of the kidney and therefore decrease GFR.

The juxtaglomerular apparatus is composed of

juxtaglomerular cells and macula densa

What is the correct sequence of organs for the formation and elimination of urine

kidney, ureter, bladder, urethra

Water reabsorption by the renal tubules uses

osmosis

In response to low blood ________, the kidneys secrete __________.

oxygen; erythropoietin

The vasa recta is a specialized portion of the

peritubular capillary

In a healthy kidney, very little ___ is filtered by the glomerulus.

protein

Most water is reabsorbed from the filtrate in the

proximal convoluted tubule

Most tubular reabsorption occurs in the

proximal convoluted tubule, where cells have many microvilli.

parathyroid hormone (PTH)

stimulates reabsorption of calcium but inhibits phosphate reabsorption.

The overall purpose of the countercurrent exchange system is to

supply salt and urea to the renal medulla

The proximal convoluted tubule is

the site of glucose and amino acid reabsorption

Urine is carried from the kidneys to the urinary bladder by the

ureter

Which of the following would reduce the glomerular filtration rate?

vasoconstriction of the afferent arteriole