US History Ch 19 and Ch 20
how did Warren Court rulings expand the rights of people accused of crimes
-illegally seized evidence cannot be used in court -courts must provide legal counsel to poor -suspect must be read rights before questioning
What type of music emerged in the 1950s?
Rock n Roll- electronic instruments added to traditional blues music
what is the 1964 tax cut
it lowers federal defecit
Beasts or beatniks
lived nonconformist lives and cared little for material goods
What is planned obsolescence?
marketing strategy which encourages consumers to purchase more goods while manufacturers purposely designed products to become obsolete in a short time.
What is mass media?
means of communication that reach large audiences
flexible response
military strategy which resulted in increased defense spending to boost military forces
What is the termination policy?
new approach in which eliminated federal economic support , discontinued the reservation system, and distributed tribal lands among individual Native Americans;a dismal failure
What did the immigration act of 1965 do?
opened the door for many non-european immigrants to settle in the US by ending quotas based on nationality
Medicare
proved hospital insurance and low cost medical insurance for almost every American age 65 or older
What was the ruling of "Brown vs. Board of Education of Topeka"?
public schools should be racially integrated
How did radio stations help African American performers gain wide audiences?
radio counters mass popularity of television by targeting specialized audiences
What are the contributions to the size of baby boom generation?
reunion of families after war, decreasing marriage age, desirability of large families, confidence in continued economic prosperity, advances in medicine
Brown vs. Board of Education
ruled school segregation unconstitutional
How did radio, TV, and movies contribute to the rise of rock n roll?
spread rock n roll music to public places and every part of the country
Why did auto sales surge in 1950s?
suburban living made owning a car a necessity
What helped the advertising age to prosper?
television and the encouragement of spendings
How did the emergence of television affect American culture in 1940s and 1950s?
television led to the golden age of television entertainment and boomed the advertising and entertainment industries
Who is the foreign policy expert?
Nixon
What is the National Housing Act of 1949?
An urban renewal solution called for tearing down rundown neighborhoods and constructing low income housing
How was family redefined?
Changes in gender roles led to high divorce rate; women supported families, paid bills, and made important household decisions
What were the two huge challenges faced by Truman?
Dealing with the rising threat of communism & restoring the American economy to a strong footing
Political rivals in 1960 election
Democratic nominee from Massachusetts John F. Kennedy Republican: Richard E. Nixon
How was the housing crisis solved?
Developers used efficient assembly line methods to mass produce houses
What was the impact of the GI Bill?
GI Bill guaranteed veterans a year's unemployment benefits while they looked for jobs and offered low interest
What was President Eisenhower's style of governing?
He approached "dynamic conservatism" and believed the government should not be involved with desegregaton
Kennedy's effort to stimulate economy
Kennedy pushed for defecit spending
What is the New Frontier
Kennedy's vision of progress that offered Congress proposals to provide medical care for the aged
Who won the 1964 election
Lyndon Baines Johnson by a landslide
How did Eisenhower took the lead over Truman in the 1952 election?
Many felt that the country needed a change after two decades of Democratic leadership
When was the Bay of Pigs Invasion?
March 1960
What was the Longoria incident?
Mexican American Longoria was killed in Philippines in WWII but undertaker in Texas refused to let Longoria family use his funeral home because of their race
How did Mexican Americans and Native Americans work to increase their political participation?
Mexicans established the Unity League of California; Native Americans established the National Congress of American
When was the assasination of John F. Kennedy
November 22, 1963
When did the Cuban Missile Crisis occurs?
October 1962
Who are the Dixiecrats?
Southern delegates to the national convention who opposed civil rights and sought to protect "the Southern way of life" against government
How was the assassin of John F. Kennedy discovered?
The Warren Commission discovered that the murderer was Oswald and he was part of a conspiracy
What effects did white flights have on American cities?
The cities lost people and businesses along with the property and income taxes they paid; urban poor suffered
How did Truman use his executive power to advance civil rights?
Truman led the Dixiecrats to form the States' Rights Democratic Party- platform as public housing, federal aid to education, higher minimum wage, extended Social Security coverage
What was US's attempt to stop the flow of illegal migrants?
US launched Operation Wetback- find illegal aliens and return them to Mexico
Who is Fidel Castro
a communist of Cuba and welcomed aid from the USSR
What is a franchise?
a company that offers similar products or services in many locations; the right sold to an individual Ex: McDonalds
What is the Berlin wall?
a concrete wall topped with barbed wire that severed the city in two
What is a conglomerate?
a major corporation that includes a number of smaller companies in unrelated industries Ex: International Telephone and Telegraph (ITT)
Who are the Peace Corps
a program of volunteer assistance to the developing nations of Asia, Africa, and Latin America
What is Truman's Fair Deal?
an extension of Roosevelt's New Deal- proposals for a nationwide system of compulsory health insurance and a crop-subsidy system to provide a steady income for farmers
Warren Court
banned state sanctioned prayer in public schools and declared state required loyalty oaths unconstitutional
Describe the Limited Test ban Treaty
barred nuclear testing in the atmosphere
Bureau of Indian Affairs
began a voluntary relocation program to help Native Americans resettle in cities
Who is Rosa Parks?
black seamstress who refused to give up her bus seat to a white man; sparked a boycott of the entire bus system
What is consumerism?
buying material goods
What was Dr. Jonas Salk's impact on baby boomers?
developed a vaccine for the crippling disease poliomyelitis
Hot line
direct phone line between White House and Kremlin
the 1964 civil rights act prohibited what?
discrimination and allows enforcement
What did the Alliance for Progress offer
economic and technical assistance to Latin american countries
What did the Indian Reorganization Act mandated in changes?
economic, cultural, political
What helped the economy recover?
economy boomed as demands of goods and services outstripped the supply; increased production created new jobs
The beat movement
expressed the social and literary nonconformity of artists and poets
What did Medicaid accomplish
extended health insurance to welfare recipients
What did African American leaders consider as their priorities?
federal antilynching law, abolition of the poll tax as a voting requirement, establishment of a permanent body to prevent racial discrimination in hiring
Federal Communications Commission (FCC)
government agency that regulates and licenses television, telephone, telegraph, radio, and other communication industries
Why were poor people unable to find decent housing, despite the building boom in 1950?
housing shortages and unwelcoming atmosphere
what was the cause of the economy spurs?
the Massive tax cuts
Who is Lyndon Baines Johnson?
the Vice president of John F. Kennedy who became president
Kennedy surrounded himself with a team of advisors called?
the best and the brightest
What is Catholicism?
the faith, practice, and church order of the Roman Catholic Church
Who is Yuri A. Gagarin?
the first man in space in 1961
What was the effect of automania?
the interstate highway system was created
What allowed Mexican braceros (hired hands) to enter US to harvest crop?
the shortage of agricultural laborers when US entered WWII
Kennedy's success in the debate launched a new era in American politics called?
the television age
What is reapportionment?
the way in which states redraw election districts based on the changing number of people in them
What is the purpose of the Economic opportunity act
to create a head start program for underprivileged preschoolers
What were the economic crisis?
unemployment increased, inflation, goods shortages, low wages
What is the baby boom?
unprecedented population explosion as soldiers returned from WWII and settled into family life
How did women's roles and opportunities differ in 1950s?
women's career opportunities tended to be limited to fields such as nursing, teaching, and office support; women earned less than men; increasing numbers attended four year colleges