US History I: Chapter 18 Homework
San Juan Hill
a hill in Cuba near Santiago that was captured by U.S. forces in battle during the Spanish-American War in 1898.
Panama Canal
created to reduce the time needed for passage to the Pacific from the Atlantic and vice versa. It cost $400,000,000 to build
Sanford B. Dole
A famous lawyer and farmer who headed the effort to remove Queen Liliuokalani from power with the U.S. Marines, declaring a Hawaiian Republic and requesting U.S. annexation. cousin of founder of Dole Juice
Queen Liliuokalani
In 1893, realized that her reign in Hawaii had come to an end; more than 160 US sailors and marines stood ready to aid the haoles who planned to overthrow the Hawaiian monarchy; in an eloquent statement of protest, the proud monarch surrendered to the superior force of the United States;
Roosevelt Corollary
extension of the Monroe Doctrine, created by roosevelt stating that the United States has the right to protect its economic interests in South and Central America by using military force
Treaty of Paris
it ended the Spanish-American War. Under its terms, Spain recognized Cuba's independence and assumed the Cuban debt; it also ceded Puerto Rico and Guam to the United States. At the insistence of the U.S. representatives, Spain also ceded the Philippines. Written in paris.
Francisco "Pancho" Villa
led many uprisings starting in 1915 against the foreign imposed role of Carranza. In an attempt to bring America in to depose Carranza, he seized a train and burned the village of Columbus, New Mexico, both acts killing many Americans. Pancho was friends with Wilson responded by sending military forces to find and kill this man, but they failed.
Boxer Rebellion
Violent outburst aimed at expelling foreigners from China ninjas called boxers
Open Door Notes
Letters addressed to the leaders of imperialist nations proposing that the nations share their trading rights, particularly in China with the US
Foraker Act
This legislation established a civil government in Puerto Rico, organizing the Rakars island as a U. S. territory in 1900
Pearl Harbor
US military and economic leaders already understood the value of the islands; in 1887, they pressured Hawaii to allow the United States to build a naval base, the kingdom's best port; the base became a refueling station for American ships
Emilio Aguinaldo
A leader in the fight for Filipino independence; first against Spain and then against the United States
In the following passage, how does Indiana Senator Albert J. Beveridge explain the need for the US to acquire new territories?
Albert J. Beveridge explain that the US needs to acquire new territories in many ways. He says that we need to expand trade and when doing this we would distribute american products. As we impact trade we could possibly take over and gain power because he says "flying OUR flag"
William Seward
An early supporter of American expansion; Secretary of State under presidents Abraham Lincoln and Andrew Johnson; in 1867, arranged for the US to buy Alaska from the Russians for $7.2 million; had some trouble persuading the House of Representatives to approve funding for the purchase;
Jose Marti
Cuban poet who wrote about "Martini" and journalist who organized a guerrilla revolution against Spain in 1895 and sought US support and intervention.
In your opinion, should the United States have become involved in the affairs of Colombia, Nicaragua, and Mexico during the early 1900s?
I think that the United States made a poor decision when they became involved in the affairs of Columbia, Nicaragua, and Mexico during the early 1900s. These countries did not hold anything against the United States and didn't cause any trouble. The United States would have had a lot less on their hands if they were to stay out of their affairs. Also, becoming involved in these affairs, I think that the United States went in thinking of all the more power they would have. The United States seemed to have taken advantage of these countries, in order to stay in control. In the end, the United States shouldn't have become involved in the affairs of Columbia, Nicaragua, and Mexico.
Many anti-imperialists worried that imperialism might threaten the American democratic system. How might this happen?
Imperialism is very aggressive, spreading and, often, forcing the democratic way of life upon sovereign nations
Yellow Journalism
Journalism that exploits, distorts, or exaggerates the news to create sensations and attract readers
Manifest destiny greatly influenced American policy during the first half of the 19th century. How do you think manifest destiny set the stage for American imperialism at the end of the century?
Manifest destiny greatly influenced American policy during the first half of the 19th century. Manifest destiny was the guiding force behind the annexation of Western lands. These patterns of expansion set the stage of the US joining the race for overseas expansion. (markets-China, Japan, Guam, Hawaii, Philippines, Cuba, etc.)
In your opinion, did Sanford B. Dole and other American planters have the right to stage a revolt in Hawaii in 1893?
No, they didn't have the right to stage a revolt. They did it out of greed because they only wanted wealthy landowners to vote and the Queen was going to open it up to everyone. The rights of Native Hawaiians should have outweighed the business but it didn't become the business produced sugar and made money.
U.S.S. Maine
President McKinley had ordered this US battleship to Cuba to protect American lives and property. On Feb. 15, 1898, an explosion sent the ship's ammunition up in flames along with the ship.
Dollar Diplomacy
President Taft's policy of linking American business interests to diplomatic interests abroad
Protectorate
Protecting Relationship between two nation-states in which the stronger state guarantees to protect the weaker state from external aggression in return for full or partial control of its domestic and foreign affairs
In 1898 Theodore Roosevelt resigned his post as Assistant Secretary of the Navy to organize the Rough Riders. Why do you think Roosevelt was willing to take this risk? How do you think this decision affected his political career?
Roosevelt loved adventure and the idea of helping the weak defeat the strong. The publicity that he got as a result of his participation probably added to his appeal as a political candidate.
Rough Riders
Rough Volunteer regiment of US Cavalry led by Teddy Roosevelt during the Spanish American War
John Hay
Secretary of State under McKinley and Roosevelt who pioneered the Open-Door policy and Panama canal
Alfred T. Mahan
Seeing that other nations were establishing a global military presence, American leaders advised that the United States build up its own military strength; was an Admiral of the US Navy; urged government officials to build up American naval power in order to compete with other powerful nations; as a result of the urging of him and others, the United States built nine steel-hulled cruisers between 1883 and 1890;
Valeriano Weyler
Spanish general in charge of suppressing the Cuban revolution, 1896-1898; his brutal "reconcentration" tactics earned him the nickname of the "Butcher" in America's yellow press.
How did American rule of Puerto Rico harm Puerto Ricans? How did it help Puerto Ricans? Do you think the benefits outweighed the harmful effects? Why or why not?
The American rule of Puerto Rico hurt them Puerto Ricans because they were not an independent nation and those like Luis Munoz Rivera were determined to fight for it. However, we also helped them by providing protection for the people and the property and eventually allowing them to have a say in government. I believe the benefits outweighed the harms because it could be possible that they would have affairs with other countries and might go back to strict rule, but instead they were safer than they could have been.
How was US policy toward China different from US policy toward the Philippines? To what can you attribute the difference?
The Philippine policy was similar to the Puerto Rican one, the US choose a governor, who would choose upper house of legislature and the Filipinos chose the lower house. The China policy was the Open Door Policy, because America didn't want European countries to take more control after their victory. I feel that America realized how similar the Philippine situation was to Spain and Cuba, since they had control over them, they treated them the same way as the Puerto Rican because it was fair. Also for the Chinese, they really needed some protection from the Europeans so American decided that policy for them.
How did US foreign policy at the turn of the century affect actions taken by the United States toward China?
The foreign pointed States affected actions because it caused different to take place between the United States and China.
What do you think were the similarities and differences between Roosevelt's Big Stick policy and Wilson's missionary diplomacy?
The key difference between Woodrow Wilson's moral diplomacy and Teddy Roosevelt's "big stick" diplomacy was that position with Latin America. Roosevelt helped Latin America by keeping European countries out of the affairs and protecting their economy (concerning America). Wilson wanted nothing to do with Latin America, his diplomacy had the moral responsibility to deny their recognition.
Imperialism
The policy in which stronger nations extend their economic, political, or military control over weaker territories; by the 1880s, many American leaders had become convinced that the United States should join the imperialist powers of Europe and establish colonies overseas;
John J. Pershing
a brigadier general ordered to capture Villa dead or alive; American Intervention leader in Mexican Revolution. Later perished.
Platt Amendment
a change which the U.S. insisted be added to the new Cuban constitution which authorized U.S. intervention in Cuba to protect its interests. Cuba pledged not to make treaties platt with other countries that might compromise its independence, and it granted naval bases to the United States, most notable being Guantanamo Bay.
George Dewey
naval hero of the Spanish-American War; his fleet defeated the Spanish at Manila Bay and gave the United States a tenuous claim to the Philippine Island
Emiliano Zapata
revolutionary and leader of peasants in the Mexican Revolution. He mobilized landless peasants in south-central Mexico in an attempt to seize and divide the lands of the wealthy landowners. Though successful for a time, he was ultimately defeated and assassinated
What do you think were the unstated editorial policies of yellow journalism? Support your answer with evidence from the text.
to create news rather than document it, to sensationalize events by distorting truth, to exploit the public's fears, to manipulate the public's perception of events; to write articles that sell newspapers to advance the newspaper publisher's political views.
