Verbs

Which sentence contains a dynamic verb? Select one: a. Tomoya walked to the convenience store after class. b. Oksana prefers books to movies. c. Bella needs her teacher's help after class today.

a. Tomoya walked to the convenience store after class. (contains the dynamic verb "walked" which shows an action that can be seen, and it can be used in the progressive form.)

Verbs

are words that describe actions, states of being, or occurrences. ________ are crucial because they connect our subjects and predicates,

Which of the underlined verbs is an example of the infinitive? The teacher decided to study for a higher-level degree so that he could improve his own knowledge and help his students better. Select one: a. decided b. to study c. could improve d. help

b. to study Explanation: "To study" is the infinitive form because it follows the main verb and it includes "to" + the base form.

Which sentence contains an auxiliary verb? Select one: a. I did my homework already. b. He does his homework at 4 p.m. every day. c. We will do our homework after our drama club finishes.

c. We will do our homework after our drama club finishes. (Explanation: Sentence c. contains the auxiliary verb "will" which assists the main verb (do). It carries future meaning.)

Identify the correct grammatical term for the underlined word. She is expecting her teacher to grade her assignment fairly. Select one: a. gerund b. infinitive c. present participle

c. present participle (Explanation: The verb "expecting" is a present participle within the present progressive verb tense, and it functions as the main verb in the sentence.)

past participle

forms other than -ed (our text does not use past tenses, so here are the past tense forms of two verbs from the text). helped (verb - regular [past participle form of help]) taught (verb - irregular [past participle form of teach])

stative verbs

is a verb representing a state of being (and is not used in continuous tenses) possess (verb - stative) Verbs that express states of being I want some fruit now. (verb - stative) She needs your help now. (verb - stative) He owns that car. (verb - stative)

irregular verbs

A verb in which the past tense is not formed by adding the usual -ed ending. He wanted to be the very best, like his father was before him, and his grandfather had been before him. To build her sandcastle, Arya looked at how her brother built his sandcastle after he had built up so much anticipation.

subject

a noun or pronoun that performs the verb in a sentence

mixed verb

a verb that can be either a stative verb or a dynamic verb I have a car. (Here, have means "own" and is stative.) I am having fun. (Here, have means "experiencing" and is dynamic.) I think that movie is hilarious. (Here, think means "have the opinion" and is stative.) I am thinking about moving to Guam. (Here, think means "use mental processes" and is dynamic.)

The verbs begin, bite, and blow are irregular verbs. Select the answer that shows these three verbs in their past participle form. Select one: a. begun, bitten, blown b. began, bit, blew c. beginning, biting, blowing

a. begun, bitten, blown (The correct answer is a. Explanation: Answer a. shows the past participle form on the three verbs. Answer b. shows the simple past tense of the three verbs. Answer c. shows the present participle form.)

Which of the underlined verbs is an example of an auxiliary verb? Do you have time to help me with my homework tonight? Select one: a. do b. have c. to help

a. do (Explanation: "Do" is an auxiliary verb in this sentence. It does not carry its own meaning, but it assists the main verb (have). In this case, it is used to form a question.)

Select all of the verbs that are irregular. Select one or more: a. drink b. grow c. walk d. hide

a. drink b. grow d. hide

Which of the following is an example of an intransitive verb? Select one: a. sleep b. find c. pass

a. sleep ( Explanation: "Sleep" is an intransitive verb because it does not take an object directly after the verb.)

Which of the following sentences does not include an example of the present participle used in a verb tense? Select one: a. He is reading a classic novel. b. He has been listening to classical music for hours. c. Reading is a great past time.

c. Reading is a great past time. ( Explanation: Sentence c. includes the gerund (reading) and it is a noun and the subject of the sentence. Sentence a. and sentence b. include present participles (reading) and (listening) in progressive verb tenses.)

Which of the following is not a stative verb? Select one: a. own b. know c. recognize d. cry

d. cry (Explanation: "Cry" is an active or dynamic verb. It is an action that can be seen. It can be used in the progressive (-ing) form. The other three verbs are stative verbs and have more of an abstract meaning that cannot be seen. They cannot be used in the progressive form with the -ing.)

intransitive verb

is a verb that has no object. opportunities that pay well (verb - intransitive) Birds fly. (verb - intransitive) Babies eat, poop, and sleep. (verb - intransitive) The baby cried for two hours. (verb - intransitive) Two hours passed. (verb - intransitive) Oops, we passed the exit! (verb - transitive) James went to the campus cafe for a steaming bowl of squid eyeball stew. Went = intransitive verb. To escape the midday sun, the cats lie in the shade under our cars. Lie = intransitive verb.

auxiliary verbs

is a verb that helps other verbs in a sentence. . They do not carry their own distinct meaning, but they instead "help" the main verb express the meaning of the sentence. Examples of auxiliary verbs include be, do, have, will, all of which can be used as main verbs as well. Examples that use auxiliary verbs: She is teaching. (The verb is is helping the main verb, teaching, by forming the progressive*, so is is an auxiliary verb.) I did like the artwork at the museum. (The verb did is helping to add emphasis to the main verb, like, so did is an auxiliary verb.) I have traveled to 15 different countries. (The verb have is providing the perfect aspect* for the main verb, traveled, so have is an auxiliary verb.) He will come to the meeting late. (The verb will is adding future temporality* to the main verb, come, so will is an auxiliary verb.) people are learning (verb - auxiliary) you can earn money (verb - auxiliary) ITA will help! (verb - auxiliary)

gerunds

is the -ing form of a verb that is used as a noun. ie. SKIING is a wonderful sport to focus on being the best teacher (noun - gerund)

present participle

is the -ing form of a verb that is used to form continuous tenses. people are learning English (verb - present participle) is a word that (1) ends "-ing," (2) is formed from a verb, and (3) is used as an adjective or to form verb tense. For example: Here it is used as an adjective: The laughing gnome Here it is used to form a verb tense: The gnome was laughing.

infinitive verb

is the simple form of a verb, usually preceded by the particle to. it is important for you to be open (verb - infinitive) The ___________ form of a verb is usually preceded by "to" (e.g., "to run," "to dance," "to think"). The infinitive form is not always preceded by "to." Look at these examples: I need to run every day.

aspect

refers to the duration of an event, either within or between tenses. Usually when we think about aspect, we think of four basic categories: simple, continuous, perfect, and perfect continuous.

tense

refers to the point or segment of time when an action occurs. Usually when we think about tenses, we think of three basic categories: the past, the present, and the future.

dynamic verbs

represents an action (and can be used in continuous tenses) (or continuous verbs) are action verbs that can be converted to a present participle and used within the continuous/progressive aspect. These verbs are usually things you can see someone doing (e.g., run, write, read, drive, listen). learn (verb - dynamic) She is helping me with my homework. (verb - dynamic) I was driving and listening to music. (verb - dynamic) She'll be coming 'round the mountain when she comes. (verb - dynamic)

transitive verb

s a verb that is immediately followed by an object. You can earn money (verb - transitive) Mariam gave her brother a mobile phone. Alex sent a letter from Canada. My friend makes model rockets. (verb - transitive) She found the treasure! (verb - transitive) I like scary movies. (verb - transitive)

regular verbs

verbs whose past tense and past participle forms follow a standard predicable pattern (walk, walked)