WC~ chapter 7 middle ages test

a knight said

"it was my duty to be brave, loyal, and true"

manorialism

economic system between lords and peasants

the manor economy was based on

farming and self sufficiency

why did knighthood arose

feudal society was filled with warfare and danger

vikings

fierce warriors, as well as traders and explorers and attacked western Europe from the sea

new agricultural technologies in the middle ages led to increased

food production

other than seas and rivers, europe's natural resources included

forests, fertile soil, rich minerals

partnership

group of merchants who joined together to finance a large-scale venture that would have been too costly for any individual trader

Pope Leo III proclaimed Charlemagne to be

holy roman emperor because he had crushed a rebellion in Rome

treaty of verdun

in 843 A.D. Charlemagne's heirs spilt his empire into 3 regions

feudalism

is a political system between kings and nobles

usury

lending money at interest

new middle class in medieval society included

merchants, traders, artisans

capital

money for investment

insurance

pay a small fee and if something goes wrong they'll fix it

truce of god

required christian nobles to stop fighting between Friday and Sunday each week

feudalism evolved in

response to a need for protection

leif ericson

set up a short lived colony in north america

monks and nuns improve life for other by

setting up schools, hospitals, took care of the poor, sick, and underprivileged

tenant farmers

someone who would pay rent to a lord to farm a part of the lord's land

the money economy

system where goods and services are paid for through the exchange of currency

bill of exchange

you deposit money in a bank, they give you a receipt, you go to another bank, you give them a piece of paper, they give you the money

most manor included

1 or more villages and the surrounding lands

middle class

a group of people, including, merchants, traders, and artisans, whose rank was between nobles and peasants

serf

a peasant who was bound to the land

tithe

a tax required Christians to pay by the church

the 3 field system contribute to

agricultural revolution that took place during the middle ages by allowing the peasants to produce more crops

fief

an estate granted to a vassal

who would be taught by a master the art of sword making

apprentice

guild

associations of merchants or artisans

jewish people

became bankers happened because it was forbidden for Christians to lend money for interest

how did merchants solve problem of theft while on the road

bill of exchange

king clovis

converted to christianity the religion of the people in gaul

what happen when the ownership of a manor was granted to a new land

the serfs remained on the land to serve the new lord

how did new ways of doing business reshaped medieval society

the system of feudalism broke down and a middle class emerged

newcomers

to a medieval city often settled in the fields outside the city walls because the city was overcrowded within the city walls

young nobles were trained in riding and fighting to do what

to become knights

part of a vassal's obligation under his feudal contract was

to serve in the military

benedictine monk

took vows of obedience, poverty, chasity

chivalry

was code of conduct for knights

Charlemagne

was credited with the revival of latin learning