Week 1

set, homeostatic, or normal

Negative feedback mechanisms work by maintaining the variable within a normal level or what is called a ______ point.

Anatomists

______ examine the relationships among parts of the body as well as the structure of individual organs.

nervous system

controls body movement and conducts impulses for internal communication

comparative anatomy

An examination of the differences in the anatomy of different species.

true

True or false: Sometimes a homeostatic imbalance occurs when a variable normally controlled by negative feedback is instead controlled by positive feedback.

sensory neurons

A receptor typically consists of ______. sensory neurons motor neurons

embryology

A study of the developmental changes occurring from conception to birth.

can

Gross anatomy investigates structures that ______ be seen with the unaided eye.

receptor

The component of homeostasis, called the ________, is the sensory nerve body structure that detects changes in a variable, which is either the substance or process that is regulated.

reproduction (Regulation involves controlling internal conditions)

The production of new cells for growth, maintenance, and repair is an example of ______. regulation organization metabolism reproduction

smooth muscles of bronchioles insulin secreting cells of pancreas

Which of the following body structures can serve as effectors? sensory neurons of nervous system smooth muscles of bronchioles brain and spinal cord insulin secreting cells of pancreas

muscular system

produces body movement and heat integumentary system skeletal system muscular system nervous system

systemic anatomy

A study of each body system.

regional anatomy

An examination of the structures in a particular region.

growth; development

An increase in body size is ______ and an increased specialization as related to form and function is ______.

withdrawal reflex from stepping on glass regulating heart rate regulating blood pressure

Choose all that are examples of negative feedback regulation? Multiple select question. withdrawal reflex from stepping on glass regulating heart rate a baby suckling at the breast regulating blood pressure

spinal cord brain thyroid gland (Reason: Endocrine organs also serve as control centers. The thyroid gland is an endocrine organ.)

Control centers are generally portions of the ______. muscle spinal cord sensory nerves thyroid gland brain

the study of tissues

Histology refers to ______.

regional anatomy

If one is studying the axillary (armpit) area of the body and its nerves, blood vessels, lymph nodes, musculature, connective tissue, and skin, ______ is the type of anatomy that is being studied.

Physiologists

Scientists who examine how organs and body systems function under normal circumstances, as well as how their functions may change with disease, are called

the simplest level of organization composed of atoms and molecules

The chemical level of an organization is ______. the level of organization that groups of similar cells that perform common functions Tissues are groups of similar cells that perform common functions. the level of organization that consists of the smallest living structures the simplest level of organization composed of atoms and molecules

effector

The structure that brings about the change to alter the stimulus is called _____

metabolism

The sum of all chemical reactions that occur within the body is called

true

True or false: Most homeostatic variables aren't constant over time but fluctuate around a set point.

Endocrine system Cardiovascular system Lymphatic system Respiratory system Urinary system

What type of system: -Secretes hormones to regulate growth and chemical -Moves blood containing hormones, nutrients and gases -Participates in immune response -Responsible for exchange of gases -Filters the blood and removes waste from the blood

reproduction responsiveness to stimuli regulation of internal functions

Which are characteristics of all living things? reproduction responsiveness to stimuli breathing of gases regulation of internal functions

metabolism organization growth and development

Which of the following are characteristics of all living things? metabolism organ systems organization growth and development tissues

Regional anatomy

______ may explore all of the body structures in the anterior neck.

Comparative anatomy

______ may explore how the lower limb differs between humans and chimps.

receptor, control center, effector

perceives a stimulus integrates input and initiates change brings about a change in response to the stimulus

integumentary system

provides protection, regulates body temperature, and prevents water loss integumentary system skeletal system muscular system nervous system

skeletal system

provides support and protection, site of hemopoiesis integumentary system skeletal system muscular system nervous system

surface anatomy

A focus on the internal body structures that relate to the skin covering them.

control center

In a homeostatic control mechanism the ________ is the structure that interprets input from the receptor and initiates changes through the effector.

Blank 1: anabolism, synthesis, or anabolic Blank 2: catabolism, decomposition, or catabolic

Metabolism consists of both ______in which small molecules are joined to form larger molecules and ______ in which large molecules are broken down into smaller molecules.

When homeostasis fails disease or even death occurs. The control center is generally the nervous system or endocrine system. Negative feedback typically keeps these processes in check. These processes are dynamic.

Select all that apply Which of the following statements correctly apply to homeostasis as a physiologic process? .-The control center is generally the nervous system or endocrine system .-When homeostasis fails disease or even death occurs .-Positive feedback usually helps these processes maintain their set point .-These processes are dynamic. -Negative feedback typically keeps these processes in check.