Week 1
set, homeostatic, or normal
Negative feedback mechanisms work by maintaining the variable within a normal level or what is called a ______ point.
Anatomists
______ examine the relationships among parts of the body as well as the structure of individual organs.
nervous system
controls body movement and conducts impulses for internal communication
comparative anatomy
An examination of the differences in the anatomy of different species.
true
True or false: Sometimes a homeostatic imbalance occurs when a variable normally controlled by negative feedback is instead controlled by positive feedback.
sensory neurons
A receptor typically consists of ______. sensory neurons motor neurons
embryology
A study of the developmental changes occurring from conception to birth.
can
Gross anatomy investigates structures that ______ be seen with the unaided eye.
receptor
The component of homeostasis, called the ________, is the sensory nerve body structure that detects changes in a variable, which is either the substance or process that is regulated.
reproduction (Regulation involves controlling internal conditions)
The production of new cells for growth, maintenance, and repair is an example of ______. regulation organization metabolism reproduction
smooth muscles of bronchioles insulin secreting cells of pancreas
Which of the following body structures can serve as effectors? sensory neurons of nervous system smooth muscles of bronchioles brain and spinal cord insulin secreting cells of pancreas
muscular system
produces body movement and heat integumentary system skeletal system muscular system nervous system
systemic anatomy
A study of each body system.
regional anatomy
An examination of the structures in a particular region.
growth; development
An increase in body size is ______ and an increased specialization as related to form and function is ______.
withdrawal reflex from stepping on glass regulating heart rate regulating blood pressure
Choose all that are examples of negative feedback regulation? Multiple select question. withdrawal reflex from stepping on glass regulating heart rate a baby suckling at the breast regulating blood pressure
spinal cord brain thyroid gland (Reason: Endocrine organs also serve as control centers. The thyroid gland is an endocrine organ.)
Control centers are generally portions of the ______. muscle spinal cord sensory nerves thyroid gland brain
the study of tissues
Histology refers to ______.
regional anatomy
If one is studying the axillary (armpit) area of the body and its nerves, blood vessels, lymph nodes, musculature, connective tissue, and skin, ______ is the type of anatomy that is being studied.
Physiologists
Scientists who examine how organs and body systems function under normal circumstances, as well as how their functions may change with disease, are called
the simplest level of organization composed of atoms and molecules
The chemical level of an organization is ______. the level of organization that groups of similar cells that perform common functions Tissues are groups of similar cells that perform common functions. the level of organization that consists of the smallest living structures the simplest level of organization composed of atoms and molecules
effector
The structure that brings about the change to alter the stimulus is called _____
metabolism
The sum of all chemical reactions that occur within the body is called
true
True or false: Most homeostatic variables aren't constant over time but fluctuate around a set point.
Endocrine system Cardiovascular system Lymphatic system Respiratory system Urinary system
What type of system: -Secretes hormones to regulate growth and chemical -Moves blood containing hormones, nutrients and gases -Participates in immune response -Responsible for exchange of gases -Filters the blood and removes waste from the blood
reproduction responsiveness to stimuli regulation of internal functions
Which are characteristics of all living things? reproduction responsiveness to stimuli breathing of gases regulation of internal functions
metabolism organization growth and development
Which of the following are characteristics of all living things? metabolism organ systems organization growth and development tissues
Regional anatomy
______ may explore all of the body structures in the anterior neck.
Comparative anatomy
______ may explore how the lower limb differs between humans and chimps.
receptor, control center, effector
perceives a stimulus integrates input and initiates change brings about a change in response to the stimulus
integumentary system
provides protection, regulates body temperature, and prevents water loss integumentary system skeletal system muscular system nervous system
skeletal system
provides support and protection, site of hemopoiesis integumentary system skeletal system muscular system nervous system
surface anatomy
A focus on the internal body structures that relate to the skin covering them.
control center
In a homeostatic control mechanism the ________ is the structure that interprets input from the receptor and initiates changes through the effector.
Blank 1: anabolism, synthesis, or anabolic Blank 2: catabolism, decomposition, or catabolic
Metabolism consists of both ______in which small molecules are joined to form larger molecules and ______ in which large molecules are broken down into smaller molecules.
When homeostasis fails disease or even death occurs. The control center is generally the nervous system or endocrine system. Negative feedback typically keeps these processes in check. These processes are dynamic.
Select all that apply Which of the following statements correctly apply to homeostasis as a physiologic process? .-The control center is generally the nervous system or endocrine system .-When homeostasis fails disease or even death occurs .-Positive feedback usually helps these processes maintain their set point .-These processes are dynamic. -Negative feedback typically keeps these processes in check.
