Week 15:
There are five basic taste sensations and ______ different primary odors.
8
The olfactory nerve is cranial nerve number ______.
I
Where are the photoreceptors located?
In the neural layer of the retina
Where are tears created?
Lacrimal apparatus
Which olfactory cell detects odors?
Olfactory receptor cell
Which division of the autonomic nervous system has long preganglionic axons and short postganglionic axons?
Parasympathetic division
Which of the following are semicircular canals?
Posterior Horizontal Anterior
What is the space behind the lens called?
Posterior cavity
What structures make up the vestibule?
Saccule Semicircular canals Utricle
What is another name for the cochlear duct?
Scala media
Which chamber is most superior?
Scala vestibuli
Which sympathetic pathway is being used if a preganglionic neuron synapses with a ganglionic neuron in a sympathetic trunk ganglion and the postganglionic axon travels through a gray ramus at the same "level" as the ganglionic neuron?
Spinal nerve pathway
Where is the lacrimal gland located?
Superior and lateral to the eye
Which of the following are examples of olfactory cells?
Supporting cells Basal cells
Which membrane is gelatinous?
Tectorial membrane
Which of the following are receptors for the general senses?
Temperature Pain Touch
Which of the following muscles are located within the middle ear?
Tensor tympani Stapedius
Which are basic taste sensations
Umami Sweet Sour
What type of papillae is largest and least numerous?
Vallate
Which layer of the eye contains the blood and lymph vessels?
Vascular tunic
A decrease in sensitivity due to continuous stimulation is called ______.
adaptation
The tympanic cavity is filled with ______.
air
What is the function of the auditory ossicles?
amplify sound
What type of fluid is found in the anterior cavity?
aqueous humor
Sound waves are funneled into the ear by the ______.
auricle
The cartilaginous portion of the external ear is called the ______.
auricle
The brainstem nuclei in the mesencephalon, pons, and medulla oblongata mediate the ______.
autonomic reflexes
Taste buds are made of gustatory cells, supporting cells, and ______ cells.
basal
Olfactory receptor cells are ______ neurons.
bipolar
The preganglionic neurons of the parasympathetic division are located in the ______.
brainstem and sacral divisions of the spinal cord
A ______ receptive field detects only the general region of its stimulus.
broad
Gustatory cells are found in taste ______.
buds
What eye disorder causes "milky" vision?
cataracts
Perilymph is similar to ______ and endolymph is similar to ______.
cerebrospinal fluid, intracellular fluid
Earwax is a combination of dead skin cells and ______.
cerumen
Gustatory cells are ______.
chemoreceptors
What causes Trachoma, a type of conjunctivitis?
chlamydia
CN VIII has two divisions, the ______ branch and the ______ branch.
cochlear, vestibular
The rami_______connect the spinal nerves to each sympathetic trunk.
communicantes
Which are activated by high-intensity light?
cones
The limbus is the junction between the sclera and ______.
cornea
The optic disc is associated with ______.
cranial nerve II
What disease causes fluid build up in the eye, dislocating the lens?
glaucoma
What is an ophthalmologist testing for when they do an eye pressure test?
glaucoma
The vitreous body is also called the vitreous ______.
humor
Cranial nerve VIII innervates the ______.
inner ear
Where is the cochlea located?
inner ear
The primary gustatory cortex is in the ______ of the cerebrum.
insula
The sclera ______.
is made of dense connective tissue
Ciliary glands are found in the ______.
lacrimal carnuncle
Cataracts are a disorder of the ______.
lens
Endolymph has a ______ sodium and ______ potassium concentration.
low, high
The lacrimal caruncle is on the ______ side of the eye.
medial
In the adrenal medulla pathway, preganglionic sympathetic axons directly innervate the adrenal ______.
medulla
Accommodation is the process of making the lens ______.
more spherical
Stapedius is the name of a ______.
muscle
Olfactory basal cells replace ______.
olfactory cells
How many motor neurons are needed to stimulate skeletal muscle contraction in the somatic nervous system?
one
The fat surrounding the eye is called ______ fat.
orbital
Vibration of the tympanic membrane causes movement of the ______.
ossicles
The eyelids are also called ______.
palpebrae
Accommodation is controlled by the ______ division of the nervous system.
parasympathetic
Short postganglionic axons are found in the ______ division.
parasympathetic
Which division of the autonomic nervous system is known as the "rest-and-digest" division and is responsible for conserving energy and replenishing nutrient stores?
parasympathetic division
______ receptors quickly lose sensitivity over time.
phasic
Examples of tonic receptors are ______.
proprioceptors in joints and muscles
What structure is the "white" of the eye?
sclera
What structure makes up the posterior portion of the fibrous tunic?
sclera
Which of the following are a part of the fibrous tunic?
sclera, cornea
Tarsal glands are ______.
sebaceous glands
Olfaction is also known as ______.
smell
Vision is an example of a ______.
special sense
Equilibrium is an example of a receptor for the ______.
special senses
Which auditory ossicle contacts the oval window?
stapes
Which organ does NOT receive postganglionic axons from the superior mesenteric ganglion?
stomach
Postganglionic axons from the ________mesenteric ganglion innervate the distal half of the duodenum, part of the pancreas, the remainder of the small intestine, the proximal part of the large intestine, the kidneys, and the proximal part of the ureters.
superior
The inner ear is located in the ______ bone.
temporal
The balance receptors in the ear are an example of ______ receptors.
tonic
Neurons in the olfactory bulb travel through the olfactory ______ to the brain.
tract
Transducers ______.
transform energy from one form to another form
What is another name for the ear drum?
tympanic membrane
The semicircular canals are continuous with the _____.
utricle
In the eye, the ______ humor is gelatinous.
vitreous