Week 2,3,4,5,7
What year did Congress pass the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)?
1990
It is recommended that wheelchair footplates clear the floor by a minimum distance of ________________.
2 inches
The current version of the OT Framework, the "Occupational Therapy Practice Framework: Domain and Process," fourth edition (OTPF-3), was published in:
2020
The ABC candy company requires workers to perform packaging of 1-pound boxes at a standing workstation. What is the best height for this type of workstation?
34 to 37 inches: slightly below elbow
LD sustained a spinal cord injury (SCI) at the T-11 level resulting from a car accident. Before his injury he worked as a service manager at a car dealership. He would like to return to this job. What type of vocational evaluation would provide the most information to help him return to his previous job?
A specific vocational evaluation
Wrist extension and ulnar deviation are most important in performance of__________.
ADL's
Reimbursement depends upon how _____________, well-written documentation that provides the necessary information to justify the need for and value of OT services.
Accurate
Correct measurement of a client for determining appropriate wheelchair seat width involves measuring which of the following?
Across the hips or thighs (whichever is widest) and adding 1 to 2 inches
Which of the following is an example of assistive technology that might be used in driving?
Adapted switch to start car ignition
The occupational therapy practitioner is primarily responsible for assessing which of the following to improve the client's occupational performance?
All of these Planning intervention Occupational performance, Identifying performance problems,
A client at risk for foot drop deformity may benefit from the use of which orthotic?
Ankle-foot orthosis (AFO)
Adults with physical disabilities may give up leisure activities for which of the following reasons?
Because they are not aware of ways to adapt valued activities so that they may participate in them again
What is discretion?
Being careful about what one says and does
Which of the following options for selecting words on ACC devices provides the highest language generation rates?
Both B and C
Which of the following devices are considered primary controls on a vehicle?
Braking and steering controls
The most commonly used methods to teach clients who have perceptual problems, poor memory, and difficulty following directions include all but which of the following?
Brief demonstration and oral instruction
The use of a wrist-driven flexor hinge splint may benefit a client with muscle function from spinal cord levels __________.
C6
Which of the following is an example of an instrumental ADL (IADL)?
Care of others
Stabilizing an extremity to reduce incoordination and enable a client to perform activities of daily living (ADLs) is a common practice for clients with which of the following conditions?
Central nervous system (CNS) disorders
When the examiner takes the extremity through a quick passive stretch, a sudden catch or resistance is felt, followed by a release of the resistance is known as:
Clasp-knife phenomenon
Some standardized and validated measures which address activities of daily living do so with ________________ADLs.
Contrived
Assistive technology is defined as?
Correct All of the Above method or process for handing a specific technical problem the science or study of the practical or industrial arts applied science
The treatment of flaccidity includes:
Correct All of these Quick Stretch Electrical Stimulation Tapping High-frequency vibration Weight Bearing
What are examples of specific purpose assistive technologies?
Correct All of these Feeding devices manual and powered wheelchairs devices for communication
Consistent with OT ethics, philosophy, values, and theory, we subscribe to the principle that it is our ethical obligation as professionals to:
Correct All of these Outcome Collaborate with clients regarding all aspects of their service need, Provision, Risk
An occupation-based functional motion assessment has an advantage over the functional motion assessment because;
Correct All of these Resistive fatigue Manipulating objects Endurance during repetitive tasks There is added resistance to body structures
Spasticity is a motor disorder that is characterized by;
Correct All of these. As one component of the upper motor neuron syndrome, Resulting from hyperexcitability of the stretch reflex, Exaggerated Tendon Jerks, Velocity dependent increase in tonic stretch reflexes,
What are the parts of an electronic AAC?
Correct all of these message transmission system user control system message composition system
___________________ creates knowledge that can be cognitively recalled. Learning a multistep activity, such as tying a shoelace or performing a transfer.
Declarative Learning
______________ begins with a theory and reduces the theory to its parts, which are then verified or discounted through examination.
Deductive Reasoning
In order to make good decisions, what must critical thinkers do? Select all that apply.
Differentiate between facts, opinions, and personal feelings Exercise caution in drawing conclusions Ask essential questions to get to the heart of the matter
Adaptive plasticity is NOT the innate ability of the central nervous system to adapt or modify behavioral responses after exposure to a challenge to the system.
False
Evaluation refers to "the process of obtaining and sharing data necessary for intervention.
False
Objective activity analysis, cannot be applied universally, and describe the sensorimotor requirements of the myriad of ADLs.
False
Serial casting is most successful when a contracture has been present for more than 6 months.
False
Spinal hypertonia results from injuries and diseases of the Spinus process.
False
The OTPF-3 clearly states that the outcome of OT services focuses on several factors, including occupational performance, the "client's subjective impressions regarding goal attainment" and the well-being of caregivers, this includes all potential outcomes.
False
While assessing the client's ability to perform ADLs, IADLs, work, or leisure occupations, the therapist should not worry about observing for sensorimotor problems.
False
Which ambulation aid would be recommended for a client who has a moderately unsteady gait as well as pain and weakness in the hands and wrists caused by arthritis?
Front-wheeled walker with forearm platforms
What type of assistive technology is more expensive and requires extra work to obtain?
High Tech
Abnormal muscle tone usually is described with the terms; flaccidity, _________________, spasticity and rigidity.
Hypotonus, Hypertonus,
An occupational therapist is working with a patient with low vision in her home. Which environmental modification would be contraindicated?
Improve lighting by opening blinds and curtains.
Which of the following is not a benefit of leisure occupations for adults with physical disabilities?
Increased ability to chew and swallow without aspirating
_____________________ is the foundation upon which all other components of the client's program are based.
Initial Evaluation Report
Physical disabilities cause limitations in motor performance skills and client factors, including:
Joint ROM
The occupational therapist is working with a client who has pain and weakness in her hands as a result of moderate to severe arthritis. To increase functional independence, the client may use which of the following?
Lever-type doorknob extensions
Which type of devices are these: (communication board)
Low Tech AAC
Occupational performance Is the engagement in ______________ and ___________activities that relate to habits, routines, and roles.
Meaningful and Purposeful
Which statements are TRUE? Select all that apply.
Objective criteria are based on competence and behaviors Traits are difficult to measure objectively.
__________________defines the criteria that must be met to determine that all or part of the goal has been reached; outcome objectives further specify how these criteria will be demonstrated.
Outcome Objectives
"Quality is in the details" means (select all that apply):
Paying attention to small things. Even a small error can have a huge negative impact.
What are conducted to measure success in executing job duties?
Performance evaluations
At which stage of the hiring process can an employer give a functional capacity assessment?
Post-offer stage
What type of wheelchair should be recommended to maximize independence in mobility in the individual who has good cognitive and perceptual skills but very poor endurance and significant physical impairment of the upper and lower extremities?
Power wheelchair
A problem is a value judgment about what is undesirable or in need of modification. Therefore, a ______________ is defined as a specific claim of what is not desired or of what should be changed.
Problem Statement
When preparing for a performance evaluation, you should:
Record the goals you have achieved. Correct.: All of these. Understand the evaluation criteria and how performance is rated. Document continuing education you have completed since your last evaluation. Review the appraisal form in advance. Jot down questions to ask your supervisor when you meet. None of these. Complete a self- evaluation if possible.
An occupational therapist is working with a client who has an impaired right upper extremity resulting from a lower motor neuron dysfunction. What is a common problem that the therapist will have to address?
Reduction of work speed and dexterity
What is completed to determine whether further evaluation is warranted and if OT services may or may not be helpful to a client?
Screening
Which ambulation aid is the most appropriate for a client who has minor balance problems?
Single-point cane
The leg rests of a client's wheelchair are adjusted too short. This increases the client's risk for which of the following?
Skin breakdown of the ischial tuberosity
Assessment refers to "__________________that are used during the evaluation process."
Specific tools or instruments
IADL skills needed for client safety and independence alone at home include all but which of the following?
The ability to ambulate independently
After a clinical assessment of the client, a predriving assessment is completed. Essential predriving skills that are evaluated include which of the following?
The ability to handle keys, manage doors, mobility devices, and adjust seat belt
Why might a rigid frame chair be preferable for individuals with paraplegia who are manually propelling the wheelchair?
They are more energy efficient during propulsion.
Flaccidity refers to the absence of _____________.
Tone
What should an employee do throughout the year to prepare for a performance evaluation? Select all that apply.
Track progress towards achieving job goals Keep thank you notes from patients on file Track suggestions made to improve quality, safety, and cost-effectiveness
Goals and objectives are two words with which OT practitioners are familiar because these concepts are used to structure ______________________.
Treatment
"Traditional" expectations of most (motor) recovery occurring in 6 to 12 months often guides insurance and is tied into clinical practice.
True
A task is often a small portion of an occupation, such as the task of cutting with a knife and fork within the occupation of self-feeding.
True
An environmental control unit is a common assistive technology to control environmental elements. (ie: Smartphone).
True
Assistive technology assists a person with disability to form tasks. (True/False)
True
Clinical reasoning can be defined informally as the process used by OT practitioners to understand the client's occupational needs and make decisions about intervention services.
True
During functional activities, lumbar-pelvic movements accompany hip movement, which extends the functional capabilities of the hip joint.
True
Dynamic performance analysis is also known as Individual Activity analysis.
True
It is possible to address client-centered, occupation-based needs with a focus on performance skills.
True
Pessimists spread negativity to everyone around them and undermine morale, teamwork, and the spirit of cooperation.
True
Practice models that integrate multiple methods of inquiry into all domains of professional practice have been called evidence-based medicine, Evidence-based practice, Evidence-based rehabilitation, outcomes, research, and so on.
True
The clinical record should provide sufficient data to support the need for OT intervention.
True
The purpose of performance evaluations is to measure success in executing job duties.
True
The shoulder complex is the most mobile joint complex in the body.
True
The three main components of the OT process include; Evaluation, Intervention and Outcomes and are not considered in linear terms.
True
Two parts of the evaluation process have been identified: the generation of an occupational profile and the analysis of occupational performance.
True
Jeri's story was used as the case study in the Leisure Occupations chapter. Jeri was described as a 29-year-old
Use of adapted scissors to cut shapes that were glued to sturdy paper
Which of the following is not a component of proper body mechanics used by the therapist when transferring clients?
Use your back rather than your legs.
During a predriving assessment, testing of _______________ is typically completed first because this is the primary component that an individual uses to gather information required for driving-related decision making.
Vision
What is scope of practice?
What a worker may and may not do as part of his or her job
When is a car (e.g., sedan) an appropriate vehicle option for the disabled client?
When the individual is independent in transfers and in loading mobility equipment.
Which group did the Centers for Disease Control identify as engaging in the least amount of physical activity?
Women in all cultures
As an Area of Occupation, leisure is defined in the Occupational Therapy Practice Framework (2002) as ________________.
a nonobligatory activity that is internally motivated and engaged in during an individual's free time
A voice-activated light switch that has been installed in a client's home is an example of
electronic aid to daily living (EADL).
Juliette has recently been discharged home and you are considered a device to control her environment. What type of assistive technology are you looking at for Juliette?
electronic aids to daily living
Which type of assistive devices are these: (computers)
high tech assistive device
What type of assistive technology is inexpensive, simple to make, obtain, and operate?
low tech
Humor and laughter ______________.
may be used to build relationships, help clients cope, promote health, and comply with treatment
What portion of an AAC system allows the user to construct messages to be communicated to others?
message composition system
For the purposes of determining application of the ADA, "essential job functions" are best determined _________________.
on a case-by-case basis, looking at the facts of each situation
During a stand pivot transfer, the occupational therapist should __________.
stand on the client's involved (weak) side
The Air Carrier Access Act of 1986 (ACAA) prohibits discrimination against people with disabilities by air carriers. However, airlines may exclude someone from flying if _______________.
there is a risk of affecting the safety of the flight
What part of the AAC system allows the user to generate messages and control a device?
user control system