Week 5: Medication Administration PPT
How many units of insulin is given for 70-140?
0
How many units of insulin is given for 301 and above?
10 units and call NP
What angle is used for intradermal injections?
15 degree angle
How many units of insulin is given for 141-180?
2
What gauge needle should be used for subcutaneous injections?
25 gauge; 5/8 inch
What gauge needle is used for intradermal injections?
25 to 27
How many units of insulin is given for 181-200
4
What angle is used for subcutaneous injections?
45 degrees
How many units of insulin is given for 201-250
6
How many units of insulin is given for 251-300?
8
What angle is used for intramuscular injections?
90 degree
What are the four types of common medication routes?
GI Tract, parenteral, topical, inhalation
What medication route is the most commonly used?
ID, SQ, IM, IV
What are some examples of GI Tract medication routes?
PO, SL, Buccal, PEG, Rectal
What length of needle should be used for intramuscular injections?
a 1 inch or longer; depends on patient size
What are the four medication actions (pharmacokinetics)?
absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion
How is absorption affected?
by the route of administration, how it dissolves, blood flow to site, etc.
What are the subtypes of parenteral?
epidural, intrathecal, intraosseous, intraperitoneal
What should you use to identify your patient if they are unable to give information?
identification bracelets to math with the EMAR
What are the disadvantages of intramuscular injections?
it hurts, you need adequate perfusion, 4 cc maximum at one site
What can tylenol overdoses cause?
liver function problems
What are the most frequent locations for metabolism?
liver is number 1; kidneys, lungs, intestines
Toxic Effects
long term build up of medication in a body that can have lethal effects
How do you identify your patient?
name, birthdate, medical record number, scan, check allergies
What are the advantages of intramuscular injections?
no IV required; can be used on unconscious or combative patient; prolonged action of drug
What are some examples of topical medication routes?
ointments, patches, drops, etc
What should the doctors order contain?
patients name, medication to give, how much to give, how to give it, how often to give it, what to give it for, and prescribers name
What are the frequencies of orders?
routine/standing, PRN, single, STAT, Now
What can affect distribution?
the adipose tissue, circulation issues, membrane permeability, and protein binding
Therapeutic effect
the desired therapeutic effect Ex) insulin
What are the 6 rights of medication administration?
the right medication, the right dose, the right patient, the right route the right time, and the right documentation
What are the five medication actions?
therapeutic effect, side effects/adverse effects, toxic effects, idiosyncratic reactions, and allergic reactions
Adverse effects
unintended; usually unpredictable; often severe responses; typically discontinued; EX) chemo rxns
Idiosyncratic reactions
unpredictable; reaction different than normal to a medication Ex) benadryl causing hyperactivity
What are the four steps to drawing out of an ampule?
use small gauze pad to cover top of anpule above "break line"; break open ampule away from you; use filter needle to withdraw the medication; switch out filter needle for regular needle
Side effects
usually predictable; may be harmless or cause injury Ex) Vancred man's syndrome
When should now orders and one-time orders be done?
within 90 minutes
