week 6 Patho check your understanding

The most likely cause of anemia in a patient with end-stage renal disease is A) insufficient erythropoietin. B) blood loss secondary to hematuria. C) vitamin B12 deficiency secondary to deficient intrinsic factor. D) iron deficiency.

insufficient erythropoietin

Glomerular disorders include A) pyelonephritis. B) obstructive uropathy. C) interstitial cystitis. D) nephrotic syndrome.

nephrotic syndrome

One of the most frequent causes of chronic kidney disease is A) hypertension. B) glomerulonephritis. C) chronic pyelonephritis. D) polycystic kidney disease.

Hypertension Hypertension and diabetes are the most common causes of chronic kidney disease. Although glomerulonephritis, chronic pyelonephritis, and polycystic kidney disease can result in CKD, hypertension and diabetes are the most common causes of chronic kidney disease.

The defining characteristic of severe acute kidney injury is A) proteinuria. B) oliguria. C) hematuria. D) diuresis.

Oliguria

Postrenal acute kidney injury may be caused by A) severe hypotension. B) glomerulonephritis. C) bilateral kidney stones. D) acute tubular necrosis.

bilateral kidney stones

The consequence of an upper urinary tract obstruction in a single ureter is A) kidney stone formation. B) hydronephrosis. C)dilation of the urethra. D) anuria.

hydronephrosis