Week 7 Patho
Microvascular complications of DM include
-Retinopathy (eyes) -neuropathy (renal system)
More than half of the initial cases of pancreatitis are associated with
C. Alcoholism
What are therapies for type 1 DM?
Carbohydrate counting, daily exercise, and insulin
A viral hepatitis screen with positive hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAG) should be interpreted as ____ hepatitis
D. Acute
An increased urine bilirubin is associated with A. an increased indirect serum bilirubin. B. hemolytic reactions. C. Gilbert syndrome. D. hepatitis.
D. hepatitis
Barrett's esophagus is
D. preneoplastic lesion (preneoplastic condition)
Dumping syndrome is commonly seen after ___procedures?
GASTRIC BYPASS
________ levels are most important in evaluating DM long term
Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c)
Ulcerative colitis is commonly associated with
A. Bloody diarrhea (inflammatory bowel condition)
Chronic pancreatitis may lead to
A. Diabetes Mellitus
A patient with chronic gastritis would likely be tested for
A. Helicobacter pylori
Acute right lower quadrant pain associated with rebound tenderness and systemic signs of inflammation are indicative of
A. appendicitis
celiac sprue is a malabsorptive disorder associated with
A. inflammatory reaction to gluten-containing foods
Premature infants are at greater risk for developing
A. necrotizing enterocolitis
Is it true that growth hormone excess in adults
A. results in condition of acromegaly
vomiting of blood can lead to
ANEMIA
which symptom suggests the presence of a hiatal hernia? a. Nausea b. Heartburn c. Diarrhea d. Abdominal cramps
B. Heart burn
rupture of esophageal varices is a complication of cirrhosis with portal hypertension & carries a high ___ rate
B. Morbitity
Is it true that gallstones are a. a minimal risk for Native Americans. b. more common in women. c. more common in men. d. at highest risk among Asians.
B. More common in women
An early indicator of colon cancer is
C. Change in bowel habits
Epigastric pain that is relieved by food is suggestive of a. pancreatitis. b. cardiac angina. c. gastric ulcer. d. dysphagia.
C. Gastric Ulcer
Elevated serum lipase and amylase levels are indicative of a. gallbladder disease. b. appendicitis. c. pancreatitis. d. peritonitis.
C. Pancreatitis
hep B is usually transmitted by exposure to
C. blood or semen
the definitive treatment for cholecystitis is a. lithotripsy of stones. b. chemical dissolution of stones. c. antibiotics and antinflammatories. d. cholecystectomy.
D. Cholecystectomy
A thyroid gland that grows larger than normal is known as
Goiter
type 2 DM is due to
INSULIN RESISTANCE B-CELL DYSFUNCTION
_______ is the most powerful predictor of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus a. cardiovascular disease b. aging c. obesity d. sedentary lifestyle obesity
OBESITY
esophageal varices represent a complication of _____ hypertension?
PORTAL
Chronic cholecystitis can lead to (Select all that apply) a. biliary sepsis b. calcified gallbladder c. porcelain gallbladder d. cirrhosis e. diabetes mellitus
a. biliary sepsis b. calcified gallbladder c. porcelain gallbladder
Gastroesophageal varices will present with a history of
alcoholism with hematemesis & profound anemia (pts who have history of alch w/ hematemesis (vomiting of blood which leads to anemic situation) leads to gastroesophageal varices)
Most gallstones are composed of
cholesterol
It is true that the synthesis of thyroid hormone
is inhibited by iodine deficiency
diabetic nephropathy is due to a decrease in
myoinositol transport (type of amino acid)
Type 2 DM is associated with
nonketotic hyperosmolaity (this will make blood thicker/ more sluggish, pts can develop cardiac issues, issues w/ extremities)
Type 1 DM is due to
pancreatic b-cell destruction
Diabetes insipidus is a condition that
results from inadequate ADH secretion
Untreated acute cholecystitis may lead to ________ of the gallbladder wall.
A. GANGRENE
Steatohepatitis is caused by an accumulation of ________ in the liver cells.
A. Fat
Jaundice is a common manifestation of A. malabsorption syndromes. B. anemia. C. liver disease. D. cholecystitis.
C. liver disease
A patient receiving chemotherapy may be at greater risk for development of
Stomatitis
What are some clinical findings for Type 1 DM?
THE THREE POLYS -POLYURIA (inc urination) -POLYDIPSIA (inc thirst) -POLYPHAGIA (inc hunger)
Hypoglycemia will present with
TREMORS (shaking feeling)
