Week 9 Concept of Development

The mother of​ 8-month-old Hannah Morgan is concerned that her​ daughter, who weighed 8 pounds at​ birth, is now overweight at 18 pounds. How should the nurse respond to the​ mother? ​"At this​ stage, a child requires a more limited food​ intake, so​ Hannah's weight gain should​ stabilize." ​"You are correct. Hannah is at risk for​ obesity, and you should consult with a​ nutritionist." ​"Hannah's growth is on target as a​ baby's birth weight triples in the first​ year." ​"Hannah may be slightly under​ weight, and you should consult with a​ nutritionist."

"Hannah's growth is on target as a​ baby's birth weight triples in the first​ year."

Mrs. Barth is a new parent with a​ 6-month-old daughter, Madison. Madison is being seen for a​ 6-month well-child checkup. Mrs. Barth tells the nurse that she is concerned that​ Madison's height and weight are less than those of her​ neighbor's 6-month-old baby. Madison is in the top half of the fifth percentile for weight and height on the standard growth chart. Mrs. Barth is describing the​ baby's eating patterns and behavior. Which characteristic would the nurse recognize as a symptom of the feeding disorder called failure to thrive​ (FTT)? ​"Sometimes her bowel movements are​ liquid." ​"She often refuses a bottle and is difficult to​ comfort." ​"She burps a lot after each​ feeding." ​"She is such a good sleeper. She can sleep six hours straight at​ night."

"She often refuses a bottle and is difficult to​ comfort."

The nurse is providing care to a group of pediatric clients seen for​ well-child check-ups. Which client may require a more​ in-depth developmental assessment from the​ nurse? A newborn born at 39 weeks gestation A toddler receiving age appropriate vaccinations A preschooler who was recently adopted from China An adolescent who is traveling to Europe over summer vacation

A preschooler who was recently adopted from China

Which is a characteristic of​ attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder​ (ADHD)? Select all that apply. Impulsivity is a persistent characteristic in adults Some children have a deficit in acetylcholine in the brain Linked to exposure to excess lead Linked to heredity Often persists into adulthood

Linked to exposure to excess lead Linked to heredity Often persists into adulthood

Which foods should be avoided when a child with autism spectrum disorder​ (ASD) is being treated with a​ gluten- and​ casein-free diet? Select all that apply. Milk Beef Cheese Grain Corn

Milk Cheese Grain

Which factor cause cerebral palsy before or during​ birth? ​(Select all that​ apply.) Neonatal sepsis Injury to periventricular white matter Hyperbilirubinemia Fetal viral infection Premature birth

Injury to periventricular white matter Fetal viral infection Premature birth

Which is a side effect of stimulants used as medication for children with​ ADHD? Stomach pain Irritability Constipation Insomnia

Insomnia

Which are characteristics of cerebral​ palsy? ​ (Select all that​ apply.) Muscle stiffness Uncontrolled movements Excessive fidgeting Avoiding eye contact Inadequate balance

Muscle stiffness Uncontrolled movements Inadequate balance

What is geriatric failure to thrive​ (GFTT)? It is part of the normal aging process. Older adults are less active and require less caloric​ intake, so this condition is not considered a disorder. There is no disorder called geriatric failure to thrive. It is a disorder of undernutrition in an older adult.

It is a disorder of under-nutrition in an older adult.

The nurse is educating the parents of a child recently diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder​ (ASD). The parents ask the nurse how this could have happened. Which etiologies will the nurse include in the response to the client​'s parents? Select all that apply. Immunologic factors ​Mercury-containing vaccinations Environmental factors Genetics Neurotransmitters

Environmental factors Genetics Neurotransmitters

The nurse is assessing an adult client with suspected attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Which finding would the nurse most likely observe? Excessive talking Stands up​ mid-interview Squirming in chair Fidgeting with hands or feet

Excessive talking

Which surgical intervention is not used to treat cerebral palsy​ (CP)? Achilles tendon shortening Dorsal rhizotomy Surgically implanted intrathecal pump Releasing the hamstrings

Achilles tendon shortening

The nurse is caring for a client recently diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder​ (ASD). The client​'s mother asks the nurse about medications that may be prescribed for ASD. Which medication will not be included in the teaching​ session? Mood stabilizers Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors​ (SSRIs) Stimulant agents Antipyretic agents

Antipyretic agents

Stacy Capers is a term female newborn diagnosed with an infection contracted in utero. The healthcare provider advises the parents that the newborn may have spastic cerebral palsy​ (CP) because of a brain insult related to the infection. When talking with the​ parents, which area of the brain will the nurse indicate is affected by the​ insult? Multiple areas Cerebellum Cerebral cortex Basal ganglia

Cerebral cortex

The mother of a 4-year-old child with cerebral palsy asks how this health problem occurred. Which pre-birth insults would the nurse explain to the mother are possible causes? (Select all that apply.) Genetic factors Fetal viral infection Prematurity Brain injury Hyperbilirubinemia

Genetic factors Fetal viral infection Prematurity

The family of a client diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder​ (ASD) has opted to begin a​ gluten-free and​ casein-free diet. Which food choices indicate appropriate understanding of this​ diet? Select all that apply. Grilled salmon Soy milk Cornmeal Yogurt Cheese

Grilled salmon

The nurse is conducting an assessment for a child diagnosed with failure to thrive​ (FTT). Which​ parent-child interaction is not included in the nursing​ assessment? History of the pregnancy and birth Touching Eye contact Cuddling

History of the pregnancy and birth

The nurse is preparing to complete a physical examination for a pediatric client diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder​ (ASD). Which assessment is appropriate for this​client? Asking about eating patterns Determining hearing acuity Performing a developmental screening Assessing history of injury

Performing a developmental screening

The nurse is providing care to a client diagnosed with failure to thrive​ (FTT). Which nursing intervention item will the nurse include at each visit for this​ client? Assessing entries in the food journal Suggesting the use of herbal supplements Referring the family to counseling Plotting weight on the growth chart

Plotting weight on the growth chart

A home care nurse is providing care to a client diagnosed with failure to thrive​ (FTT). Which interventions are appropriate for this client and​ family? ​(Select all that​ apply.) Providing community resources Observing the​ parent-child relationship in the home Suggesting breastfeeding as the primary means of nutrition Encouraging the use of a food diary Frequent growth and weight measurements

Providing community resources Observing the​ parent-child relationship in the home Encouraging the use of a food diary Frequent growth and weight measurements

The nurse is caring for a child with cerebral palsy. Which intervention would the nurse use to promote nutrition for this child? Providing the child with small amounts of food at a time Using utensils with​ small, padded, adaptive handles Providing adequate protein to prevent constipation Restricting the child​'s fluid intake

Providing the child with small amounts of food at a time

The nurse suspects that a client may have attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Upon which assessment technique might the nurse have made this diagnosis? Screening of balance and coordination abilities Questionnaire about temper tantrums and aggression Screening of eye contact and facial expression Questionnaire about study and behavior habits at school and home

Questionnaire about study and behavior habits at school and home

Which medication is not used to control seizures and muscle spasms in​ CP? Ranitidine Baclofen Botulinum toxin Dantrolene

Ranitdine

The nurse is writing a plan of care for a client diagnosed with failure to thrive (FTT). Which goal is a priority for this client? The child will attain adequate growth and normal development. Complications from poor nutrition will be prevented. The child will sleep through the night. The​ parent-child relationship will improve.

The child will attain adequate growth and normal development.

The nurse is planning care for an adult client diagnosed with​ attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder​ (ADHD). The client has a strong social network and does not display much impulsivity but has problems with inattentiveness. Which goal is the priority for the nurse to include in the plan of​ care? Select all that apply. The client will demonstrate​ age-appropriate social interactions with peers and family. The client will demonstrate​ age-appropriate social interactions with peers and family. The client will respect the boundaries of others. The client will remain free of injury. The client will achieve work performance to maximum potential.

The client will achieve work performance to maximum potential. The client will demonstrate​ age-appropriate social interactions with peers and family.

Which goal is appropriate to include in the plan of care for a client with autism spectrum disorder​ (ASD) who is hospitalized for a​ tonsillectomy? The client will not socialize with other children in the same age group. The client will demonstrate behavior that is not​ self-destructive. The client will try new foods during hospitalization. The client will allow the nurse to perform all activities of daily living.

The client will demonstrate behavior that is not​ self-destructive.

The school nurse is helping to create an individualized education plan (IEP) for a 12-year-old client with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Which behavioral goal is appropriate to include in the plan of care? The client will achieve school performance to minimum competency. The client will demonstrate a decrease in attentiveness. The client will respect the boundaries of others. The client will accurately manage medication administration.

The client will respect the boundaries of others.

The nurse suspects that a 6-month-old client may be suffering from failure to thrive (FTT). What aspects of culture should the nurse take into account when performing an assessment of the client? Social interaction patterns in ethnic groups Variances in childrearing practices in ethnic groups Variances in nutritional practices in ethnic groups Educational motivation among ethnic groups

Variances in nutritional practices in ethnic groups

A nurse is conducting a consultation with a client who has a developmental alteration. What should the nurse take into consideration when interacting with the​ client? ​(Select all that​ apply.) The client​'s literacy skills The client​'s preferred learning method The client​'s reliance on social services The client​'s family history The client​'s developmental level

The client​'s literacy skills The client​'s preferred learning method The client​'s developmental level

The nurse is preparing an educational seminar about early intervention programs to promote growth and development of the child with cerebral palsy​ (CP). Which information would the nurse include to assist the parents of these​ children? Explain that vocational training is not appropriate but that assisting with a general job is appropriate The use of adaptive devices to help the child communicate more independently The value of home schooling so that the child will not have to be exposed to children in the school setting The need to use terminology 1 year below the​ child's development level

The use of adaptive devices to help the child communicate more independently

The nurse is preparing discharge instructions for the parents of a child with cerebral palsy. Which instruction would the nurse include to promote safety for this child? (Select all that apply.) The use of seat belts in strollers and wheelchairs The use of​ range-of-motion exercises The use of splints and braces The use of adaptive seating for automobile transportation The use of a helmet to protect against head injuries

The use of seat belts in strollers and wheelchairs The use of adaptive seating for automobile transportation The use of a helmet to protect against head injuries

The nurse is providing education to the family of a client diagnosed with failure to thrive​ (FTT). Which statements by the family indicate appropriate understanding of the teaching session regarding treatment options and goals for​ FTT? ​(Select all that​ apply.) There is no medication for her condition. Blood work done every three months will tell us if she is getting enough nutrition. Nutritional supplements will help restore the missing nutrients and calories. My child must gain two pounds before discharge. She needs to be in the tenth percentile on the growth chart in order to be healthy.

There is no medication for her condition. Nutritional supplements will help restore the missing nutrients and calories.

Which speech pattern anomalies are likely to appear in the young child with autism spectrum disorder​ (ASD)? Select all that apply. Stuttering Use of the word you to represent I Reiteration of questions as opposed to answering them Enchantment with​ rhythmic, repetition of verse or song Echolalia

Use of the word you to represent I Reiteration of questions as opposed to answering them Enchantment with​ rhythmic, repetition of verse or song Echolalia

A nurse is caring for a client who has been diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder. His parents cannot understand how their son developed this disorder since there is no family history of it and the client was not subjected to harmful substances. Which response by the nurse is the most appropriate? ​"Sometimes the specific cause of ASD cannot be​ determined." ​"ASD is caused by poor nutritional​ intake." ​"ASD is caused by low birth​ weight." ​"Factors such as radiation​ exposure, parental​ age, or parental disease states can cause chromosomal​ disorders."

"Sometimes the specific cause of ASD cannot be​ determined."

An​ 8-year-old boy with​ attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder​ (ADHD) arrives at the clinic for a well visit with his parents. The​ client's parents appear fatigued and argue with each other when answering questions about the​ client's home and school routine. The client talks happily about school and new friends he has made this year. The client has been taking methylphenidate​ (Ritalin) for the past​ year, and his parents verbalize proper administration and management of the medication. Which is the priority nursing diagnosis for this​ client? Increased risk for injury Alterations in family processes Impaired socialization Potential for enhanced​ self-esteem

Alterations in family processes

During an​ assessment, the nurse suspects that an​ 11-month-old infant is demonstrating manifestations of cerebral palsy. Which assessment finding would bring the nurse to this​ conclusion? ​(Select all that​ apply.) Asymmetric crawling Head lag Arched back Thumb sucking Poor trunk control

Asymmetric crawling Head lag Arched back Poor trunk control

The mother of​ 10-year-old Michael Donahue is concerned because her son fidgets and talks a​ lot, loses​ things, and​ doesn't like school work. The nurse should consider that Michael may have which developmental​ disorder? Cerebral palsy ​Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder Autism spectrum disorder Failure to thrive

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

The nurse is providing care for a client diagnosed with failure to thrive​ (FTT). Which assessment finding supports the diagnosis for this​ client? Frequent diarrhea Being below the fifth percentile for weight on the standardized growth chart Lack of sleep Being above the fifth percentile for height on the standard growth chart

Being below the fifth percentile for weight on the standardized growth chart

The parents of a child with cerebral palsy ask if there are any medications available to help control the child's symptoms. Which type of medication would the nurse explain is used for symptom management for cerebral palsy? (Select all that apply.) Botulinum toxin Benzodiazepines Antidepressants Muscle relaxants Baclofen

Botulinum toxin Benzodiazepines Muscle relaxants Baclofen

The nurse is addressing a group of​ high-risk teen mothers. Which risk factors that can lead to​ attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder​ (ADHD) in children would the nurse describe to the teen​ mothers? Select all that apply. Exposure to high levels of lead in childhood Poor nutrition Drinking alcohol during pregnancy Lack of proper parenting

Exposure to high levels of lead in childhood Poor nutrition Drinking alcohol during pregnancy Lack of proper parenting

The nurse is providing care to a client who is admitted for diagnostic testing for failure to thrive​ (FTT). Which diagnostic test does the nurse not anticipate for this​ client? Extensive blood studies Physical assessment Detailed history Comparison of height and weight to standard growth charts

Extensive blood studies

Which assessment findings are specific to the infant stage of growth and​ development? ​(Select all that​ apply.) Jaw proportions change. Growth is associated with body type and quality of feeding. Height increases by about 1 foot. The child requires a more limited food intake. Most growth takes place in long bones.

Growth is associated with body type and quality of feeding. Height increases by about 1 foot.

A 34-year-old client recently diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) asks the nurse about treatment options. Which treatment options should the nurse describe? Select all that apply. Having an orderly work area Prescribing nonstimulant medication atomoxetine​ (Strattera) Prescribing stimulant medications such as dexmethylphenidate​ (Focalin) Allowing for a flexible schedule Maintaining a quiet environment

Having an orderly work area Prescribing non-stimulant medication atomoxetine​ (Strattera) Maintaining a quiet environment

Which nonpharmacologic therapies would be appropriate for a client with failure to thrive​ (FTT)? ​(Select all that​ apply.) Hospitalization Assessing and educating a breastfeeding mother Detailed history and physical exam Nutritional supplements Removal from the home

Hospitalization Assessing and educating a breastfeeding mother Detailed history and physical exam Nutritional supplements

The nurse is assessing a 4-month-old client because the mother is concerned that the client may be developmentally delayed. Which finding would lead the nurse to suspect cerebral palsy (CP) in the infant? Head lag Hypotonia Follows objects 180 degrees Tonic neck reflex

Hypotonia

A​ 9-month-old child has been diagnosed with ataxic cerebral palsy​ (CP). Which clinical manifestation would the nurse expect to assess in this​ client? Hypertonia and persistence primitive reflexes Hemiplegia and hypertonia Hypotonia and muscle instability Tremors and exaggerated posturing

Hypotonia and muscle instability

The nurse is teaching a caregiver about treatment for failure to thrive (FTT). Which statements made by the caregiver indicate a need for further education? (Select all that apply.) I can monitor height and weight at home to see if any progress is being made between doctor visits. Most babies do not sleep well​ anyway; my baby will sleep when she is tired. Nutritional supplements will help meet the caloric requirements. I can monitor height and weight at home to see if any progress is being made between doctor visits. I hope my baby will not need​ surgery; that idea scares me.

I can monitor height and weight at home to see if any progress is being made between doctor visits. Most babies do not sleep well​ anyway; my baby will sleep when she is tired. I hope my baby will not need​ surgery; that idea scares me.

Which interaction pattern will the nurse include in the physical assessment of a client diagnosed with failure to thrive​ (FTT)? Developmental milestones Eye contact Identifying hunger cues Height and weight

Identifying hunger cues

As compared with​ boys, girls with​ attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder​ (ADHD) typically show less of which​ characteristic? Impulsiveness Mood swings Cognitive problems Anxiety

Impulsiveness

A parents group asks the nurse what they would look for if they suspected their child has​ attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder​ (ADHD). Which observations would the nurse have the parents report for further​ assessment? Select all that apply. Inability to stay on an assigned task to completion Limited attention span when speaking with parent Having difficulty with learning at school Deliberately destroys other people​'s property Excessive motor activity

Inability to stay on an assigned task to completion Limited attention span when speaking with parent Having difficulty with learning at school Excessive motor activity

The nurse is providing care to a hospitalized child who is diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder. Which intervention is appropriate for this​ child? Enforcing strict visitation policies Communicating with the child in the same manner as communicating with the parents Encouraging frequent hand washing Incorporating rituals used at home in the hospital environment

Incorporating rituals used at home in the hospital environment

Baby Jane and her parents are seen for a​ follow-up visit after being discharged from the hospital 3 days ago. Baby Jane was admitted to the hospital for failure to thrive​ (FTT). Which nursing diagnosis would not be appropriate for Baby Jane and her​ parents? Imbalanced nutrition Increased activity Impaired growth and development Altered parenting

Increased activity

A nurse is assessing an adult client with autism spectrum disorder​ (ASD). Which characteristic of autism spectrum disorder​ (ASD) is not likely to be problematic for this​client? Comprehending nonverbal clues Flexibility of thought Social interaction Language skills and sentence formation

Language skills and sentence formation

The nurse educator is teaching a group of students about the risk factors associated with the diagnosis of failure to thrive​ (FTT). Which risk factor stated by the students indicates appropriate understanding of the lecture​ material? ​(Select all that​ apply.) Neurological disease Lactose intolerance Excessive caloric expenditure Esophageal reflux Inadequate calorie intake

Neurological disease Excessive caloric expenditure Esophageal reflux Inadequate calorie intake

A​ 1-year-old child is being evaluated for cerebral palsy. When assessing the​ child, which finding is the nurse least likely to​ observe? Strabismus Developmental delay Arching of the back Normal muscle tone in all extremities

Normal muscle tone in all extremities

Which are ways in which culture​ and/or ethnicity can influence growth and​ development? ​(Select all that​ apply.) Identity establishment Nutritional practices Social interaction patterns Temperamental characteristics Genetic variations

Nutritional practices Social interaction patterns Genetic variations

During an​ exam, the nurse begins to suspect that a client has cerebral palsy. Upon what does the nurse make this​ assessment? Observation of uncontrolled movements Observation of inattention and impulsivity Questionnaire about impaired social interaction Screening of weight below the fifth percentile

Observation of uncontrolled movements

The nurse is visiting Gerry​ James, a​ 17-year-old adolescent with cerebral palsy​ (CP). Which would the nurse recommend to assist this client with physical mobility in his planning to begin college in a few​ months? Use adaptive utensils Obtain a customized wheelchair Receive therapeutic massages every week Learn American sign language

Obtain a customized wheelchair

Which nonpharmacologic therapies are used in the care of a client with cerebral palsy​ (CP)? ​(Select all that​ apply.) Occupational therapy Speech therapy Massage therapy Physical therapy Special education

Occupational therapy Speech therapy Physical therapy Special education

The parents of a 6-year-old client with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are receiving education about the disorder from the nurse. Which statement made by the parents indicates a need for further teaching? ​"The parts of our​ child's brain that control​ self-regulation are slow to​ develop." ​"Our child will grow out of the​ ADHD, so we only have to deal with it a few more​ years." ​"Our child is at risk for antisocial behavior and substance abuse if the ADHD is not​ treated." ​"Stimuli affect our child more than other​ children, which causes​ hyperactivity."

Our child will grow out of the​ ADHD, so we only have to deal with it a few more​ years."

During a check-up, the nurse notes that the client has reached physical growth milestones but has not achieved cognitive developmental milestones. Other than developmental disorders, what else should the nurse consider? Cerebral palsy Parental interaction Child temperament Genetic abnormalities

Parental interaction

During a routine​ examination, Paola​ Chiappe, a​ 41-year-old woman, mentions that she has always had difficulty concentrating at work and asks whether there are any strategies to help her focus. While taking Ms.​ Chiappe's health​ history, the nurse suspects that the client has previously undiagnosed​ attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder​ (ADHD). Which finding would the nurse most likely assess in Ms.​ Chiappe? Good listening skills Quiet demeanor Participation in​ high-risk activities Highly accomplished at work

Participation in​ high-risk activities

The nurse is preparing to perform a nursing assessment of a client diagnosed with failure to thrive. Which item in the health history will the nurse assess prior to beginning the nursing assessment of this client? Caregiver interactions with the child Current activity level Percentiles on growth chart for previous visits Height and weight for current visit

Percentiles on growth chart for previous visits

Which interventions should the nurse teach to the parents of a school-age child with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)? Select all that apply. Giving​ time-outs only for the worst negative behaviors Praising all positive behaviors Not asking the healthcare provider to provide​ "drug holidays" Turning off the television when client is doing homework Maintaining a consistent bedtime routine and time

Praising all positive behaviors Turning off the television when client is doing homework Maintaining a consistent bedtime routine and time

The nurse is caring for an older adult client who has been diagnosed with failure to thrive and has a caregiver present at the bedside. What role will the nurse assume in this process? Provide behavioral therapy to the client Provide nutritional education to the caregiver Prescribe medication for the treatment of FTT Refer client to genetic counseling

Provide nutritional education to the caregiver

Which is the best intervention for the nurse to implement when caring for a​ 16-year-old client with​ attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder​ (ADHD)? Allow the client to study in a family room with the television on. Initiate negative consequences for low academic scores. Allow the parents to work out problems on their own. Provide opportunities to increase​ self-esteem.

Provide opportunities to increase​ self-esteem

The home care nurse is performing a visit to a child diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder​ (ASD). Which intervention is appropriate for the nurse to include in the treatment plan for this​ family? Recommending that the home be a "Therapy Free" zone Encouraging the family to "get over" negative feelings regarding the diagnoses Providing appropriate education regarding what to expect for the child

Providing appropriate education regarding what to expect for the child

The nurse is providing care to the family of a child diagnosed with failure to thrive (FTT). Which intervention is aimed at the family 's psychosocial needs? Maintaining a food diary Assessing weight Referring the family to community resources Measuring height

Referring the family to community resources

Which behavioral therapy can help improve quality of life for the client with​ ADHD? Increasing stimulation Setting consistent limits Loose classroom supervision Having a flexible routine

Setting consistent limits

Tina​ White, a​ 7-year-old African American girl with dyskinetic cerebral​ palsy, has used a stroller or wheelchair for mobility since birth. During every healthcare provider​ appointment, on which finding should the nurse focus when assessing this​ client? Height and weight Persistent newborn reflexes and swallowing Nutrition status and constipation Skin integrity and body alignment

Skin integrity and body alignment

While taking an assessment of Arthur​ Kim, a​ 12-year-old boy, Arthur tells the nurse that he is getting bad grades at​ school, and he repeatedly interrupts to talk about his favorite character from a new movie. The nurse suspects that Arthur might have​ attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder​ (ADHD). Which other finding would the nurse expect when questioning the father about​ Arthur's behavior? Sleep disturbances High​ self-esteem Ease in completing tasks Strong friendships with other children

Sleep disturbances

Impairments in which areas are evident by the age of 3 in the child with autism spectrum disorder​ (ASD)? ​(Select all that​ apply.) Social interactions Social adaptability Ability to organize responses to situations Ability to engage in complex thought process Communication

Social interactions Social adaptability Ability to organize responses to situations Communication

Which theory of growth and development proposes that children learn​ attitudes, beliefs,​ customs, and values by modeling the behaviors of​ others? Social learning theory Resiliency theory Temperament theory Behaviorist theory

Social learning theory

The nurse is preparing to care for a child with cerebral palsy. Knowing the different classifications, for which type of cerebral palsy would the nurse most likely plan care? Spastic cerebral palsy Dyskinetic cerebral palsy Mixed cerebral palsy Ataxic cerebral palsy

Spastic cerebral palsy

The nurse is preparing to provide newly prescribed medication to a female client who has been diagnosed with​ attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder​ (ADHD). Which medication information should the nurse​ include? Anticholinergics Antidepressants Stimulants Antipsychotics

Stimulants

The school nurse is arranging an appointment for a physical examination of an​ 11-year-old client recently diagnosed with​ attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder​ (ADHD). The​ client's parent​ states, "Our child was evaluated at home and here at​ school, and now we have to make another appointment for a​ physical? Why?" Which is the best response by the​ nurse? ​"The healthcare provider will be able to give you better strategies for helping your child focus at home and at​ school." ​"We need to rule out neurological diseases and other health problems in your child that may affect treatment of​ ADHD." ​"The physical exam will find out whether your child has other mental health​ issues, such as​ depression, anxiety, learning​ disorder, or conduct​ disorder." ​"We need to see whether your child has the physical characteristics that go along with the behaviors of ADHD to correctly diagnose​ ADHD."

We need to rule out neurological diseases and other health problems in your child that may affect treatment of​ ADHD

During a routine​ examination, the mother of a young teen client mentions that her son is constantly eating and is rapidly growing out of many of his clothes. What should the nurse explain to the​ mother? ​(Select all that​ apply.) You can expect height and weight increases to last over the next few years. Nutritional needs increase with growth spurts. Most growth at this age takes place in long bones of the arms and legs. Growth in all children occurs in a cephalocaudal direction. Boys often experience a prepubescent growth spurt at this age.

You can expect height and weight increases to last over the next few years. Nutritional needs increase with growth spurts. Boys often experience a prepubescent growth spurt at this age.

The nurse is observing a 17-year-old client with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) at home. Which observation indicates to the nurse that client outcomes have been met? The client folds half a basket of laundry and leaves the rest to read a magazine. The client receives several text messages from friends and does not respond until after asking permission to do so. The client receives poor grades on homework for not completing assignments as requested. The client talks​ incessantly, jumping from one topic to another.

client receives several text messages from friends and does not respond until after asking permission to do so

The nurse educator of a pediatric medical-surgical unit is conducting an educational session for the nursing staff related to failure to thrive (FTT). The educator wants the staff to identify families who may be at risk of having children with FTT. Which populations will the educator include in the session? (Select all that apply.) Single parent homes Depression Mental retardation Substance abusers Low income status

substance abusers mental retardation depression

The nurse is teaching the parents of a child with cerebral palsy about appropriate therapies that can be helpful for the child 's mobility status. Which statement made by a parent indicates that this teaching has been effective? ​"Nothing will help with involuntary​ movements." ​"We should not use splints on our ​child's ​limbs." ​"Serial casting is not recommended for treatment​ anymore." ​"Braces will help maintain our ​child's skeletal​ alignment."

​"Braces will help maintain our ​child's skeletal​ alignment."

A​ 6-year-old child with cerebral palsy who is new to the school district is experiencing severe rigidity and spasticity. Which recommendation would the school nurse make to the child​'s ​parents? ​"Make an appointment with a physical​ therapist." ​"Look into special schools for the​ handicapped." ​"Discourage the use of a​ computer." ​"Offer only​ low-carbohydrate, low-calorie foods to the​ child."

"Make an appointment with a physical​ therapist."

Lainey​ Fuller, a​ 10-year-old girl with​ attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder​ (ADHD), has been taking atomoxetine​ (Strattera) for the past 4 months. It has not improved her​ symptoms, so her healthcare provider is changing her prescription to methylphenidate​ (Ritalin). Lainey's mother​ asks, "Isn't Ritalin a​ stimulant? That​ doesn't make any sense. How is a stimulant going to help Lainey get​ better?" What is the​ nurse's best​ response? ​"Stimulants like Ritalin will cause side effects like​ headache, increased heart​ rate, loss of​ appetite, and insomnia even when they are successful in treating​ ADHD." ​"It does seem like the opposite of what should​ happen, but stimulants help improve focus and attention in children with ADHD and do not increase​ hyperactivity." ​"Side effects with Strattera are less serious than with​ stimulants, but there is an increased risk of suicide in children taking​ Strattera, which is why we are making the​ switch." ​"We will have to watch​ Lainey's growth carefully when she is taking Ritalin because stimulants can decrease the amount of height and weight she​ gains."

"It does seem like the opposite of what should​ happen, but stimulants help improve focus and attention in children with ADHD and do not increase​ hyperactivity

During a routine​ exam, the nurse notices that Emma​ Adams, a​ 2-year-old girl, shows signs of inadequate coordination and muscle stiffness. This may indicate that Emma may be suffering from which developmental​ disorder? Cerebral palsy Autism spectrum disorder ​Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder Failure to thrive

Cerebral palsy

The nurse is assessing a​ 3-year-old child for symptoms of autism spectrum disorder​ (ASD). Which assessment finding does not support the diagnosis of​ ASD? Inability to react accordingly to social clues Displays​ self-destructive behavior Comprehends language well beyond the complexity of age Engages in repetitive behaviors

Comprehends language well beyond the complexity of age

The parents of Tyler​ Thomas, a​ 5-year-old client with mixed cerebral​ palsy, ask why a baclofen pump is scheduled to be surgically implanted in the child. Which explanation would the nurse give about the purpose of this medication​ pump? Prevents infections Allows​ flat-footed walking Increases ankle range of motion Controls muscle spasms

Controls muscle spasms

The nurse is conducting a health history for a client diagnosed with failure to thrive​ (FTT). Which questions should the nurse include in the family assessment for a client diagnosed with​ FTT? ​(Select all that​ apply.) Do any of your other children have a history of feeding ​disorders? Which developmental milestones has your child ​accomplished? Did you have any problems during the ​pregnancy? How many diapers does your infant soil each ​day? Are there any stressors in your life that affect your interaction with your ​child?

Do any of your other children have a history of feeding ​disorders? Which developmental milestones has your child ​accomplished? Did you have any problems during the ​pregnancy? Are there any stressors in your life that affect your interaction with your ​child?

A pediatric home health nurse cares for several infant clients who are diagnosed with failure to thrive (FTT). The nurse wants to initiate community interventions to decrease the number of pediatric diagnoses of FTT. What can the nurse do to help prevent FTT within the community? Educate infant caregivers Insist that caregivers feed only with breast milk. Advocate for genetic testing Teach the proper method of tube feeding

Educate infant caregivers

In collaboration with a medical​ team, the nurse is caring for Jason​ Cox, a​ 3-month-old infant being treated for failure to thrive. Which type of care should the nurse provide for Jason and his​ caregivers? Physical therapy Behavioral therapy Psychological testing Education on home safety

Education on home safety

The nurse is preparing educational material for the parents of children with cerebral palsy. Which treatment would the nurse include in this teaching​ session? ​(Select all that​ apply.) Surgery Positioning devices Muscle relaxants Serial casting ​Low-calorie diet

Surgery Positioning devices Muscle relaxants Serial casting

The nurse is providing care for an older adult client who is diagnosed with failure to thrive (FTT). Which treatment is appropriate for the nurse to include in the discharge instructions for this client? Eating larger meals three times per day Providing foods recommended by the dietitian Teaching about the use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors​ (SSRIs) for​ depression, per order Teaching the family to prepare all the client​'s meals

Teaching about the use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors​ (SSRIs) for​ depression, per order

The nurse is providing care to​ Deanna, a​ 9-month-old infant diagnosed with failure to thrive​ (FTT). Deanna's parents are teenagers who lack knowledge regarding infant nutrition. A nursing diagnosis of potential for enhanced knowledge is the priority diagnosis for this family. Which nursing intervention is appropriate for the nurse to include in​ Deanna's plan of care for this priority nursing​ diagnosis? Referring the client to a speech pathologist Demonstrating tube feedings Teaching about the​ child's nutritional requirements Assessing weight prior to discharge

Teaching about the​ child's nutritional requirements

Which resource will the healthcare provider use to diagnose autism spectrum disorder​ (ASD)? The American Psychiatric Association​'s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders The Autism Handbook Teaching Social Communication to Families with Autism The Mental Health Rights Manual

The American Psychiatric Association​'s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders

A 22-year-old client with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is currently taking atomoxetine (Strattera). The client states, "I don't want to be dependent on medication my entire life. I've heard that cutting out sugar from my diet and taking ginkgo biloba might help my ADHD symptoms." Which is the best response by the nurse about complementary and alternative therapies for ADHD? ​"These are popular alternative​ treatments, but scientific evidence does not consistently support their​ effectiveness." ​"Taking medication​ isn't really that​ bad, especially since it is the only effective way to control your symptoms and let you live a normal​ life." ​"You can replace your medication with these alternative treatments if you​ like, but be sure to tell your healthcare provider about​ them." ​"Why don't we ask your healthcare provider to prescribe a different medication instead of the one​ you're taking, if​ you're worried about​ it?"

These are popular alternative​ treatments, but scientific evidence does not consistently support their​ effectiveness

When would an infant diagnosed with failure to thrive​ (FTT) not require​ hospitalization? To protect the child from the caregivers To assist in establishing a feeding routine To promote growth and development To teach the caregivers how to identify physiological hunger cues

To protect the child from the caregivers

The nurse is discussing a 13-year-old female client's recent diagnosis of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) with her parents. The client's mother states, "Our daughter has a male cousin who also has ADHD, but he doesn't act anything like her." How would the nurse best explain this difference to the client's parents? ​"Girls are usually younger than boys at the time of​ diagnosis." ​"Girls with ADHD tend to show less impulsiveness than boys with​ ADHD." ​"Girls with ADHD tend to show fewer language problems than boys with​ ADHD." ​"Girls with ADHD tend to show more aggression than boys with​ ADHD."

​"Girls with ADHD tend to show less impulsiveness than boys with​ ADHD."

The parents of a toddler are concerned that their daughter sits quietly to play, but does not actively interact with her playmates who are sitting nearby. What should the nurse explain to the parents? ​"It is typical for toddlers to engage in solitary​ play." ​"It is typical for toddlers to engage in parallel​ play." ​"It is typical for toddlers to engage in cooperative​ play." ​"It is typical for toddlers to engage in dramatic​ play."

​"It is typical for toddlers to engage in parallel​ play."

Mrs. Barth is a new parent with a​ 6-month-old daughter, Madison. Madison is being seen for a​ 6-month well-child checkup. Mrs. Barth tells the nurse that she is concerned that​ Madison's height and weight are less than those of her​ neighbor's 6-month-old baby. Madison is in the top half of the fifth percentile for weight and height on the standard growth chart. Mrs. Barth is describing the​ baby's eating patterns and behavior. Which characteristic would the nurse recognize as a symptom of the feeding disorder called failure to thrive​ (FTT)? "Sometimes her bowel movements are​ liquid." ​"She often refuses a bottle and is difficult to​ comfort." ​"She burps a lot after each​ feeding." ​"She is such a good sleeper. She can sleep six hours straight at​ night."

​"She often refuses a bottle and is difficult to​ comfort."

The nurse is caring for Charlie​ Jost, an​ 8-month-old infant diagnosed with failure to thrive​ (FTT). Charlie's​ father, Mr.​ Jost, is visibly concerned about his​ son's condition and diagnosis. He is pacing the room and approaches with a question when the nurse enters the room.​ "Are you here to do tests on my​ son? How do we know what is wrong with him if you​ haven't taken any​ x-rays or blood​ work?" Which response to Mr. Jost is most​ appropriate? ​"There are no diagnostic tests for FTT. We diagnose the condition based on assessment and comparing your​ son's height and weight to the standard growth chart for his​ age." ​"Your son will go to​ x-ray as soon as they can accommodate​ him." ​"We are scheduling an MRI so that we can find the reason for this​ problem." ​"The staff from the laboratory will be here shortly to draw some​ blood."

​"There are no diagnostic tests for FTT. We diagnose the condition based on assessment and comparing your​ son's height and weight to the standard growth chart for his​ age."

The nurse is obtaining a health history from the parents of a child with cerebral palsy (CP). Which question would be most helpful in determining whether the child's brain insult happened after birth? ​"Was the mother older than 40 years when the child was​ born?" ​"Were there any accidents before age​ 3?" ​"Was the child born​ prematurely?" ​"Was the child born subsequent to the fourth​ child?"

​"Were there any accidents before age​ 3?"

The nurse is caring for a client who has cerebral palsy. Which independent intervention is appropriate for the nurse to provide? Mood stabilizers should be prescribed to control seizures. Muscle relaxants should be prescribed to control spasms. ​Range-of-motion (ROM) exercises should be used to promote flexibility and prevent contracture formation. Speech therapy should be provided to promote communication.T

​Range-of-motion (ROM) exercises should be used to promote flexibility and prevent contracture formation