W.HIST_final exam

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Which of the following are in correct chronological order?

(1) Congress of Vienna (2) Invention of the railroad (3) Industrialization of Japan

Which of the following are in the correct chronological order?

(1) Crimean War (2) Great Reforms (3) Russo-Japanese War

Which of the following are in the correct chronological order?

(1) First World War (WWI) (2) Spanish Civil War (3) Vietnam War

Under the terms of the Versailles Treaty...

(1) Germany was blamed for the First World War (2) lost Alsace-Lorraine to France (3) Was forced to pay reparations

Which of the following are in the correct chronological order?

(1) Invention of the railroad (2) Construction of the Eiffel Tower (3) Invention of the airplane

Which of the following are in the correct chronological order?

(1) Napoleonic Wars (2) British acquisition of South Africa (3) Berlin Conference

Which of the following are in the correct chronological order?

(1) Napoleonic Wars (2) French conquest of Algeria (3) French conquest of Indochina

Which of the following are in the correct chronological order?

(1) Napoleonic Wars (2) Indian Rebellion (3) Zulu War

Which of the following are in the correct chronological order?

(1) Napoleonic Wars (2) Industrialization of Japan (3) Panama Canal #NIP

Which of the following are in the correct chronological order?

(1) Potsdam Conference (2) Construction of the Berlin Wall (3) Chernobyl Disaster

Which of the following is in the correct chronological order?

(1) Publication of Adam Smith's The Wealth of Nations (2) Robert Owen's New Lanark (3) Publication of Karl Marx's The Communist Manifesto

Which of the following are in the correct chronological order?

(1) Schlieffen Plan (2) Battle of Verdun (3) Versailles Treaty

In the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk, Russia lost territory to

(none of the above)

The Japanese invasion of China provoked...

(none of the other statements are true)

This parallel divides North Korea and South Korea...

38th Parallel

What was the New Deal?

A collection of reforms intended to restart economic growth in the Depression-era United States.

According to John Ruskin, England must do what?

Acquire colonies

The most important precursor to the Industrial Revolution was the

Agricultural Revolution

Which retail companies in the nineteenth century became famous for their department stores and mail-order catalogs?

Au Bon Marché and Sears & Roebuck.

The germ theory of disease replaced the idea that sickness was caused by

Bad air

The second country to experience the Industrial Revolution and the first in continental Europe to industrialize was...

Belgium

Which of the following areas was a center of industrial activity in Austria-Hungary?

Bohemia

Which of the following areas was not a center of industrial activity in Germany?

Bohemia

Under the Sykes-Picot Agreement...

Britain and France divided up Ottoman territories in the Middle East, creating new, artificial borders that did not correspond where ethnic and religious groups lived.

Because it held territories in many different areas of the world, it was said in the nineteenth century that "the sun never sets" on this empire.

British

Which of the following countries are paired with their correct alliance system?

CENTRAL POWERS: Austria-Hungary, Germany, Ottoman Empire

Which Pacific coast state rapidly urbanized as a result of the Industrial Revolution in the United States?

California

The blue and red lines in this image represent these in Great Britain and Ireland during the early stages of the Industrial Revolution.

Canals + rivers

In Operation Condor, military governments kidnapped, tortured, and killed suspected leftists and Communists the during 1970s and 1980s in

Chile & Argentina

The Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895 was fought between Japan and

China

Under the Treaty of Nanking...

China granted Britain control of Hong Kong.

In Unit 5, the Industrial Revolution is contrasted with all of the following revolutions except

Chinese

Which of the following products was not imported by Europeans during the Industrial Revolution?

Coal

Which of the following resulted from Japan's attack on Pearl Harbor?

Conflict in Asia and Europe became a single global war.

In Egypt, nationalism demonstrated how it was both...

Constructive and Destructive

What was the United States' policy toward the Soviet Union during the Cold War?

Containment (of communism)

How did the development of nationalism change notions of political superiority?

Countries saw themselves as more civilized or evolved than their neighbors.

The communist government of this Latin American nation was a major thorn in the side of the United States during the Cold War.

Cuba

The Nobel Peace Prize was named after the inventor of...

Dynamite

The use of cottage industry in Great Britain influenced

Early industrialization

Steel production made farming

Easier

John Locke and Adam Smith were important advocates of

Economic liberalism

Who altered Karl Marx's idea of revolution, replacing the idea of a violent revolution to overthrow capitalism with a peaceful, democratic revolution?

Eduard Bernstein

Napoleon Bonaparte's invasion of this nation was a great shock to the Ottoman Empire.

Egypt

During the nineteenth century, Africa was called the "Dark Continent" by some Europeans. Why?

Europeans did not know what was in the center of Africa and called it the continent "dark" to express their ignorance.

Which of the following statements best describes fascism?

Fascism was a political ideology that advocated nationalism and was opposed communism and democratic freedoms

Industrialization included a revolution in all of the following except

Folklore

This nation saw a renewal of industrial growth during the decade before the outbreak of the First World War as its rivalry with Germany and vast colonial empire served as a catalyst for industrial growth.

France

Which nation was not part of the "bloodlands" between Hitler and Stalin?

France

As the bloodiest battle of the First World War, the 1916 battle of Verdun was fought between

French & German forces

In 1884-1885, the Berlin Conference divided Africa by

Geographic markers

Which of the following steps did the Nazis take against German Jews in the 1930s?

German Jews were stripped of their German citizenship.

Japan used the political and industrial model of which nation to avoid the fate that had befallen China?

Germany

This modern nation was born in 1871 with the unification of a number of previously confederated states.

Germany

The Schlieffen Plan stated that...

Germany should overpower France quickly before Russia could enter the war

Which of the following was a part of the Treaty of Versailles?

Germany was held responsible for causing the war under the War Guilt Clause.

Which of the following was a reason why Japan adopted fascism?

Growing nationalism and militarism

Which of the following statements about American imperialism is correct?

Historian Frederick Jackson Turner put forward the "frontier thesis" in 1890 which argued that westward expansion and conquest was part of the American character

How did Hitler become chancellor of Germany?

Hitler became chancellor by lawful election when his Nazi party won the largest number of delegates to the German parliament and he was invited to form a government.

Known as the "Jewel in the Crown," this was the most important colony in the British Empire.

India

In 1922, this territory under British rule obtained its independence from Britain after a bloody conflict.

Ireland

How did the Opium Wars affect Japan?

It made the Tokugawa Shogunate realize that foreign governments could destabilize Japan as they had China.

Which of the following statements best describes the establishment of communist rule in China and Vietnam?

It was a decades-long violent struggle.

Although it had been influenced by and borrowed from Chinese civilization for many centuries, THIS NATION became the major colonial power in China during in the 1930s and 1940s.

Japan

With the Meiji Restoration, oligarchs came to power in this nation who were determined to compete with Europe and the United States.

Japan

Which of the following statements about the development of the germ theory of medicine is correct?

John Snow's efforts to fight cholera in London challenged the miasma theory of medicine and suggested germs caused illness.

As a result of World War I, which German colony was taken over and partitioned between Great Britain and France?

Kamerun (Cameroon)

During the nineteenth century, new inventions in transportation and communication such as the railroad, the steamship, the telegraph, the telephone, and improving in printing were used by all of the following except

Napoleon Bonaparte during the Napoleonic Wars.

Which of the following statements is correct about the Napoleonic Wars?

Napoleon used the Continental System in an attempted to strangle Britain's economic, but experienced a terrible defeat when he invaded Russia in an attempt to keep it on the Continental System.

All of the following nations sent representatives to the Berlin Conference except

Nigeria

Membership in which organization committed the United States to the defense of Europe during the Cold War?

North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)

Which of these statements was true of fascism in Germany, but not in Italy?

Only German fascists claimed racial superiority and made a policy of persecuting minorities

In the late nineteenth century and early twentieth century, the term the "Sick Man of Europe" referred to the failure to modernize and subsequent territorial decline of this empire.

Ottoman

Critiques of industrialization included all of the following except

Owners' rights

Which of the following territories did the United States not acquire as a result of the Spanish-American War?

Panama

In the first years after the 1949 Revolution, which of the following sectors of the Chinese population provided the most essential support for the Chinese Communist Party?

Peasants

During the Holocaust, most of the Nazi concentration camps were located in...

Poland

The most important raw material France gained from Indochina was

Rubber

As a consequence of the Industrial Revolution, tens of millions people left Europe to emigrate to all of the following except...

Russia

In many ways, the industrialization of this empire differed from that of any other nation as described in Unit 5.

Russian

What was a result of the world wars?

Some former European colonies in Africa and Asia gained their independence.

Toward the end of the Second World War...

Soviet soldiers raped as many as two million German women and expelled millions of ethnic Germans from Poland, East Prussia, and Czechoslovakia.

During the 1930s, Soviet, German, and Italian forces were involved in a bloody civil war in...

Spain

The bloodiest battle of the Second World War (WWII) was...

Stalingrad

Why did the United States open diplomatic relations with the People's Republic of China (PRC) in 1972?

Tensions between the PRC and the Soviet Union after the death of Stalin made a new PRC-United States relationship possible

France's industrial development was spurred by raw materials from its colony of Indochina, which included all of the following except...

Thailand

Why was the Battle of Midway in 1942 the turning point of the war in the Pacific?

The American navy sank four Japanese aircraft carriers, thus dealing a significant blow to the Japanese navy

What made the construction of the Eiffel Tower in Paris possible?

The Bessemer process, which led to the widespread production of cheap steel.

All of the following statements about the British rule of India were true except

The British ruled India with the consent of the Indian people.

Why was the idea of German nationalism so radical in the nineteenth century?

The Germanic kingdoms were numerous and loyalty was not given to an imagined entity like a state, but to a person, such as a king.

Which of the following measures brought Germany out of the Great Depression?

The Nazi government's investment in infrastructure and rearmament

In the nineteenth century, the French conquered Algeria, which previously was ruled by

The Ottoman Empire

What event triggered the Bolshevik Revolution of November 1917?

The Provisional Government's decision to continue fighting in World War I

During the 1930s, which of the following states enjoyed full employment as much of the rest of the world struggled with high unemployment and sank into the Great Depression?

The Soviet Union

The first country to send a person into space was...

The Soviet Union

Which statement best describes the United States' role in World War I?

The United States entered the war late, but played an important role in the defeat of Germany.

Which of the following was a reason for the failure of the League of Nations?

The United States refused to join the League of Nations.

Which of the following statements is correct about nineteenth century anarchists?

The anarchist movement was an international movement that criticized both strong state power and industrial capitalism, occasionally using violence to oppose them.

In 1914, which event sparked World War I?

The assassination of Franz Ferdinand, heir to the throne of Austria-Hungary

How did China regain its independence after World War II?

The defeat of Japan in World War II

Why did urban populations expand during the Industrial Revolution?

The development of factories in urban areas encouraged people to live closely together.

Why was the emperor reinstated during the Meiji Restoration?

The emperor was a symbol of a mythical past who could instill a sense of national pride. However, since he possessed no actual power, he could be manipulated.

How did ideas of imperialism and state superiority change during the 19th century?

They enhanced European governments' senses of superiority over non-Europeans.

Who invented the light bulb and pioneered the research laboratory for corporations?

Thomas Edison

What were the goals of the Dawes Plan and the Young Plan?

To provide United States with loans to Germany to help pay Germany's debts and war reparations

Which factor caused the influenza epidemic of 1918-1919 to become a global pandemic?

Travel towards the end of the World War I, the lack of a vaccine, and immune systems weakened by years of war

Unit 5 examines the Industrial Revolution in all of the following except

Turkey

In the nineteenth century, France acquired this modern-day country in Asia as a colony

Vietnam

Which of the following areas was a center of industrial activity in Belgium?

Wallonia

German civil servants and Nazi officials put into motion the "Final Solution" to the Jewish question at the

Wannsee Conference

The government established in Germany after World War I was known as the...

Weimar Republic

During World War I, which of the following groups was brought into the workforce of many countries for the first time?

Women

The Great Depression was...

a crash in the United States stock market which affected many nations

The first stage of industrialization was characterized by

a growth of textile production and the use of coal.

What is industrialization?

A process by which machines and mechanization replaced human labor and skilled jobs were made easier through the introduction of machines.

What role did diseases play in World War I?

Diseases such as influenza killed more people than the war itself.

What was the Cold War?

Distrust between the Soviet Union and its capitalist rivals escalated into a series of wars which were fought in different locations around the world

Although it had been influenced by and borrowed from Chinese civilization for many centuries, this nation became the major colonial power in China during in the 1930s and 1940s.

Japan

Why were European national identities unclear in the nineteenth century?

Language boundaries and political borders were not the same.

Woodrow Wilson's Fourteen Points included a plan to create an international organization made up of member states with the authority to resolve global disputes. This multinational body was known as the...

League of Nations

The Meiji government did all of the following except

Lose colonies

Critiques of industrialization by the woolen spinning industry included all of the following except...

Machines made workers' lives better

Workers' critiques of industrialization included which of the following?

Machines took workers' jobs

Which of the following was a reason why the Nazis were able to rise to power in Germany?

Many Germans were disgusted by the Weimar Republic's inability to ease the Great Depression, unemployment, and other problems.

The United States invested $12 billion in Europe's postwar recovery as part of this plan.

Marshall Plan

What did the Russian and Chinese revolutions have in common?

Marxist-Leninist ideology

Which of the following was an effect of the Great Depression in the United States?

Massive unemployment and economic distress occurred

The ideals behind industrialization included all of the following except

Mercantilism

Karl Marx faced fierce criticism and debate during his lifetime from

Mikhail Bakunin, an anarchist who predicted that Marx's ideas would result in an oppressive, centralized state.

Perestroika and glasnost were two programs of which Soviet leader?

Mikhail Gorbachev

Which of the following was a result of the Great Depression in Latin America?

Military dictators took control in several Latin American nations.

Which of the following statements best describes Benito Mussolini's rise to power in Italy?

Mussolini came to power through elections

Which new device during the nineteenth century originally used a system of communication known as Morse code?

Telegraph

France's motivation for engaging in imperialism resulted from

a desire to quell unrest in France.

Nationalism is...

a feeling of connection between people who share a language, religion, ethnicity, or territory

George Stephenson was famous for

his work developing the first railroad in Britain.

Quinine revolutionized medicine because...

it allowed British officials to live in tropical areas.

Racism changed in the 19th century because

it became linked to so-called "scientific truths" about a group or population.

After the completion of the Panama Canal...

the canal became the property of the United States and was an important strategic asset.

Karl Benz was most associated with

the invention of the internal combustion engine and the automobile.

During the Second World War, Unit 731

used Chinese civilians as guinea pigs for biological and chemical weapons research.

In the "bloodlands," the Nazi and Soviet regimes both

used hunger and famine as a weapon against their enemies

President William McKinley's attitude towards the Philippines demonstrates that the United States' decision to acquire the Philippines

was based on the desire to civilize the Philippines and imperialist motivations

During the late nineteenth century and early twentieth century, Christian Democratic parties in Europe

advocated more conservative positions on family and social issues, but were critical of some of the worst problems of capitalism

Jamsetji Tata was an example of all of the following except

an Indian farmer who was displaced and migrated to the Caribbean.

German nationalism expressed the revolutionary idea that...

an affinity for the king was less important than an affinity for one's fellow Germans.

The Monroe Doctrine...

asserted the United States' ability to protect Latin American countries' independence.

Oman was an exception to other examples of imperialism in that it

became an imperial power itself.

The Harlem Hellfighters were a regiment of African-American soldiers who

became the most decorated unit in the entire United States Army as a result of their service in Europe.

Nationalism and imperialism are linked in that

both ideas required other nations and cultures to identify against.

Russia industrialized certain regions...

by making them specialize in the manufacturing or extraction of goods.

Begun in 1928, the First Five-Year Plan in the Soviet Union stressed...

centralized planning, heavy industry, and the collectivization of agriculture

Begun in 1928, the First Five-Year Plan in the Soviet Union stressed

centralized planning, heavy industry, and the collectivization of agriculture.

The importance of child labor increased during the Industrial Revolution for all the following reasons except

child labor was never regulated in the nineteenth or twentieth centuries.

Imperial motivations in the 19th century differed from those earlier centuries in that

colonizing nations sold manufactured goods back to the colonies rather than keeping them in Europe.

Under the concept of Lebensraum, the Nazis aspired to...

conquer Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union and settle these lands with Germans

As expressed by Adam Smith, capitalism argued that...

consumption was an important part of a healthy economy.

After World War I, the United States economy experienced...

continued production of goods which were in demand in war-ravaged Europe.

The Iron Curtain

described the division of Europe into a communist east and a capitalist west

During the nineteenth century, railroads in industrialized nations...

experienced tremendous expansion and attracted a great deal of investments.

In Russia, Jews...

faced racism and occasional violent repression at the hands of the tsarist government.

The telegraph...

facilitated communication over long distances.

Nationalism helped those living in Europe to reinforce

feelings of difference and superiority.

The Opium Wars were

fought to force China to open to trade with Europe and the United States.

The Opium Wars...

fought to force China to open to trade with Europe and the United States.

The case of South Africa was an unusual example of 19th century imperialism because Britain took the colony

from both the Dutch colonists and indigenous inhabitants.

Capitalism was supported by the some members of the lower classes because

it promised them liberation from rural life

The Trans-Siberian Railway was important for Russia because

it proved the success of the Russia's industrialization program.

The industrialization of the United States aided

its expansion

In the early years of the Industrial Revolution, factory work was characterized by

long hours, no breaks, and no food.

Critiques of industrialization included all of the following except

male participation in the workforce

During the Second Industrial Revolution...

many industrialized nations passed laws requiring children to attend school, greatly increasing education.

Under the leadership of Mao Zedong, China experienced

mass famine as well as a violent, bloody Cultural Revolution.

Nineteenth century imperialism differed from earlier forms in that

more European governments established directly ruled colonies.

European colonial power grew

most quickly between 1882 and 1914

John Green's definition of a nation-state includes all of the following except

murder.

Ottoman reforms failed because...

no one initially supported them

In the Belgian Congo, imperial rule was characterized by

organized violence and slavery to force the population to collect rubber for Leopold II

Telegraph lines could be laid

over the land and under the sea.

During the First World War, the Young Turks in charge of the Ottoman government

saw the Armenians, a Christian minority within the Ottoman Empire, as a threat, and pursued a policy of genocide that reduced the Armenian population in Anatolia by 90%

In the 1970s and 1980s, the Soviet Union experience all of the following problems except

serious infighting among the top Communist leaders.

Socialism is a...

social and economic theory based on class struggle.

Biological determinism...

suggested that social and moral attitudes were linked genetically and inherited

Which was NOT a part of 1920s popular culture?

television (not invented yet)

Colonies were...

territories directly controlled by foreign powers.

Prior to the Indian Rebellion of 1857...

the British East India Company ran India as a private, for-profit venture.

In countries such as Brazil and Ghana that depended heavily on exports,

the Great Depression caused a significant drop in commodity prices.

China was not divided into colonies by the European powers as Africa had been since...

the Open Door Policy was intended to make China available to all foreign powers.

Industrialization stalled in the Ottoman Empire because

the Ottoman government signed a treaty with Britain that eliminated tariffs on British goods and flooded the domestic market with cheap textiles

Although the United States supported the independence of Cuba, it did not support the independence of

the Philippines

During the twentieth century, all of the following intervened in Vietnam with military forces EXCEPT...

the Soviet Union

During the twentieth century, all of the following intervened in Vietnam with military forces except...

the Soviet Union

During the Berlin Blockade of 1948-1949...

the Soviet Union blocked all land access to the portion of Berlin controlled by the West

During the Meiji Restoration, all of the following occurred except

the Tokugawa Shogunate modernized the country

Germany's use of submarine warfare against passenger and cargo ships played a key role in THIS NATION'S decision to declare war on Germany

the United States

What was the immediate cause of the United States' entry into World War I?

the Zimmerman Telegram

Russia's Great Reforms included...

the abolition of serfdom

Imperialism is...

the acquisition of a state's territory at the expense of another

This event marked the end of the Cold War in 1991.

the collapse of the Soviet Union

Imperialism was motivated by all of the following except

the ideal that all humans were equal and entitled to self government.

Nationalism traced its origins to

the liberal political revolutions of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.

The contributions of Bessemer, Siemens-Martin, and Carnegie to the steel industry demonstrate

the multinational nature of industrial development.

In Austria-Hungary, one of the largest impacts of the Industrial Revolution was the construction of...

the railway system

The Boxer Rebellion...

threatened the rule of the Qing Dynasty and was deeply opposed to western influence in China.

In 1961, the East German government erected the Berlin Wall

to keep East Germans from fleeing to West Germany

The Solidarity movement in Poland

was extremely popular and was closely associated with trade unions and the Roman Catholic Church, including Pope John Paul II

Robert Owen's town of New Lanark

was focused on making workers more efficient.

Before the British takeover of India, Indian manufacturing

was more productive than in Europe and was accomplished by human labor.

The Berlin Conference...

was organized by Otto von Bismarck and used by Belgium to extend their rule over the Congo

In the 1920s and 1930s, women in many countries

were given the right to vote


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