Wilderness Survival Final
List, in order, the treatment for mild hypothermia.
1)Remove from source of cold and protect. 2)Remove all wet clothing and replace with dry clothes. 3)Hydrate and maintain blood sugar. 4)Have the person exercise.
Exposure of an area to cool, wet conditions for approximately __ hours is necessary to produce trench foot.
12 hours
For maximum benefit, it's best to drink water at a rate of 1/4 liter every ___ minutes.
15 minutes
What is the value of declination in the Eugene area?
17 degrees
The Wilderness Act was passed in ____.
1964
The sun is approximately due south at what time of day during the month of August?
1:00pm
The boiling point of water decreases __ degrees for every 1000 feet of elevation gain.
2 degrees
To protect the riparian area, select a campsite location at least ___ feet away from lakes, streams, etc.
200 feet
Water conducts heat away from the body approximately __ times faster than air at the same temperature.
25 times faster
How many 7.5-minute maps are required to represent the same area as one 15-minute map?
4 maps
If the separation between the flash of lightning and the clap of thunder is 20 seconds, the lightning is how far away?
4 miles
Sound, including thunder, travels about a mile in __ seconds near the ground.
5 seconds
When the sun is at a bearing of 240 degrees in the sky, the shadows point to __.
60 degrees
How many minutes are there are there in one degree of latitude or longitude?
60 minutes
High altitude begins at what elevation?
8000 feet
Which map provides more detail, a 7.5-minute map or a 15-minute map?
A 7.5-minute map
What agency? Initially to manage rangelands for use by mining, grazing, oil and gas development.
Bureau of Land Management
Heat loss due to physical contact with a cooler object is called ___
Conduction
An Act of _____ is required to designate federal lands as wilderness areas.
Congress
Loss of body heat to circulating wind is called ___.
Convection
There is one National Park in Oregon. What is it?
Crater Lake
Sweating is a form of ___ heat loss.
Evaporation
A field of tall grass 3 feet high will be represented by the color green on a topo map. T or F?
False
A high quality orienteering compass will have degree markers on the housing in 5 degree increments. T or F?
False
A small cave is a good escape from the weather during a lightning storm. T or F?
False
Alcohol is a vasoconstrictor. T or F?
False
As you gain elevation, the percentage of O2 in the air decreases. T or F?
False
At rest, the majority of heat production occurs in the head region. T or F?
False
Bacteria cannot be removed using a filter because they are very small. T or F?
False
Beneath a lone tree is a good place to be during a lightning storm. T or F?
False
Biodegradable soap degrades quickly in water sources such as lakes and streams. T or F?
False
Carbohydrates pack more energy per gram than fat. T or F?
False
Clouds block UV radiation. T or F?
False
Cotton is an effective insulator in wet, cold conditions. T or F?
False
Down is a good choice as an insulator for wet, rainy conditions. T or F?
False
Eating snow to rehydrate is okay if the snow is dry and you are having a hard time keeping warm. T or F?
False
Fake of bluff charges by bears are not that common. T or F?
False
Fats slow digestion, making them an important morning energy source for the start of a hike. T or F?
False
Heat cramps will occur if a person is adequately hydrated. T or F?
False
If a bear comes into your tent, you should play dead and hope it goes away. T or F?
False
If attacked by a black bear, you should always use the "possum" routine recommended for defense against a grizzly attack. T or F?
False
If you suspect that you have poison oak oil on your skin, it's best to wash with warm water and soap. T or F?
False
In our area, ticks are most active in the late summer when it's hot and dry. T or F?
False
Iodine water purification tablets kill cryptosporidium but not Giardia. T or F?
False
It is always ok to use exercise as a treatment modality for someone experiencing mild or moderate hypothermia. T or F?
False
It's acceptable within the LNT philosophy to wash your dishes in a stream with biodegradable soap. T or F?
False
It's an acceptable practice within the LNT philosophy to bury trash. T or F?
False
It's an acceptable practice within the LNT philosophy to feed animals leftover food. T or F?
False
It's an acceptable practice within the LNT philosophy to take a rock, plant or other natural object home with you, so long as there are lots of them for others to enjoy. T or F?
False
It's best to remove a tick by either burning it or putting oil on it. T or F?
False
Lines of latitude run north-south and lines of longitude run east-west. T or F?
False
Lyme disease can be transferred from a tick in as little as two hours after the tick has attached to you. T or F?
False
Magnetic north and geographic north are the same. T or F?
False
Motorized boats are allowed on lakes in wilderness areas. T or F?
False
Mountain bikes are allowed in federally managed wilderness areas. T or F?
False
People do NOT vary in their level of susceptibility to altitude illness. T or F?
False
Poison oak is relatively easy to recognize because the leaves come in groups of five. T or F?
False
Shadows are longer in the summer than they are in the winter. T or F?
False
The average apparent motion of the sun across the sky is 17 degrees per hour. T or F?
False
The locations of the magnetic north pole is fixed. T or F?
False
The maximum group-size permitted in federally managed wilderness areas is 6. T or F?
False
The most common contour interval for 7.5-minute maps is 80 feet. T or F?
False
The oil that causes poison oak rash is contained ONLY in the leaves of the plant. T or F?
False
The red end of the compass needle points towards magnetic south. T or F?
False
Tobacco is a vasodilator. T or F?
False
Under no circumstances will power lines cause deviation of the compass needle. T or F?
False
Very cold water kills Giardia, while warm water prolongs its life. T or F?
False
You should never stare a cougar down during a close encounter. T or F?
False
Your thirst mechanism is a very good indicator of your level of dehydration. T or F?
False
What agency? To conserve, manage and restore fish, wildlife and plant habitat.
Fish and Wildlife Service
Loss of fine motor control in hands. Mild, Moderate, or Server Hypothermia?
MIld
You are going on a solo backcountry hike for a full day. Describe the information you would convey to your roommate or friend before leaving, about your hike and the protocols to follow if you are not back by nightfall.
Map with trail head marked and planned route. What time you should be home in the evening, and if you aren't back by early morning then call the county sheriff to get a search started.
Six states do not have any designated wilderness areas. Name one.
Maryland, Iowa
Can't perform complex mental tasks. Mild, Moderate, or Server Hypothermia?
Mild
Fine shivering. Mild, Moderate, or Server Hypothermia?
Mild
Person feels cold/lags behind. Mild, Moderate, or Server Hypothermia?
Mild
Ataxia. Mild, Moderate, or Server Hypothermia?
Moderate
The umbles. Mild, Moderate, or Server Hypothermia?
Moderate
Uncontrollable shivering. Mild, Moderate, or Server Hypothermia?
Moderate
What are the four cardinal points and inter cardinal points of the compass?
N, E, S, W NE, SE, NW, SW
The agency with the most wilderness acreage to manage (mostly within Alaska) is the ____.
National Park Service
What agency? To provide for the use and enjoyment of the parks by people.
National Park Service
7.5-minute maps made by the USGS generally span how many miles north to south? East to west?
North to South? 8 miles East to West? 6 miles
The name of the north star is ___.
Polaris
The mechanism of heat loss that is the most common when the body is at rest is ___
Radiation
Shivering stops. Mild, Moderate, or Server Hypothermia?
Severe
The three forces of nature that work to decompose solid waste are ___, ___, and ___.
Soil bacteria, heat from the sun, water
What is the first step you should take when you become lost?
Stop moving, sit don, relax, think about how you got to where you are and think of a plan for further action.
What county agency organizes, and is responsible for search and rescue operations in Oregon?
The county sheriff
A hot shower can relieve the itching common to poison oak rash. T or F?
True
A majority of the energy derived from the food we eat goes into heat production. T or F?
True
A person with moderate hypothermia has lost the ability to rewarm on her/his own. T or F?
True
An initial reaction of the body when it attempts to cool itself is to dilate the blood vessels in the extremities. T or F?
True
At our altitude in December, the sun rises south of east and sets south of west. T or F?
True
For significant precipitation to form, air must rise or be lifted. T or F?
True
Generally speaking, a lightning bolt will hit the highest thing around. T or F?
True
Glucose (blood sugar) is the only fuel normally used by brain cells. T or F?
True
Heat stroke is a life-threatening heat injury. T or F?
True
Humans do not inherently acquire a sense of direction. T or F?
True
Humans have very efficient cooling systems. T or F?
True
If you set up camp in a pristine area, you should move camp every day to minimize impact. T or F?
True
In general, grizzlies are more aggressive and foul tempered than black bears. T or F?
True
Iron in rocks is a naturally occurring mineral that can deflect the compass needle. T or F?
True
Lines of latitude run equidistant from each other. T or F?
True
Shivering requires the energy of a slow jog. T or F?
True
The earth's axis is tilted 23.5 degrees from vertical. T or F?
True
The most common map scale for a 7.5-minute map is 1:24000. T or F?
True
Nine million acres of land was designated wilderness when the Wilderness Act was passed, and all of these lands were designates by the _____.
United States Forest Service
What agency? To provide for the wise use of our national forest resources.
United States Forest Service
What species of tick in our area carries Lyme disease?
Western Black-Legged Tick
What is the first core organ to exhibit signs of being affected by hypothermia?
brain
All others factors being equal, when air rises in a cloudless sky it cools at the rate of __degrees/1000ft.
cloudless= 5 degrees
All others factors being equal, when air rises in a cloudy sky it cools at the rate of __degrees/1000ft.
cloudy = 3 degrees
The kind of air space that exists between fibers and is responsible for trapping body heat is called ___ air space.
dead
A contour line is a line that connects points of ___ ____.
equal elevation
On the spring and fall ____ the sun rises exactly east and sets exactly west.
equinoxes
Three blasts of a whistle means ____.
help - a distress call
The color black on the map represents what kind of features?
human made (roads, trails, buildings)
Every 5th contour line is darker in color. This line is called an __ contour line.
index
Hypothermia is a lowering of the body's ___.
internal temperature
The area within the boundary of a campsite that usually receives the highest impact is the ____ area.
kitchen
Orographic lifting is the lifting of air over a _____ barrier.
mountain
Giardia lamblia is a ____
protozoa
Searchers usually begin their search for a lost person from what location?
the point the lost person was last seen