Wilderness Survival Final

List, in order, the treatment for mild hypothermia.

1)Remove from source of cold and protect. 2)Remove all wet clothing and replace with dry clothes. 3)Hydrate and maintain blood sugar. 4)Have the person exercise.

Exposure of an area to cool, wet conditions for approximately __ hours is necessary to produce trench foot.

12 hours

For maximum benefit, it's best to drink water at a rate of 1/4 liter every ___ minutes.

15 minutes

What is the value of declination in the Eugene area?

17 degrees

The Wilderness Act was passed in ____.

1964

The sun is approximately due south at what time of day during the month of August?

1:00pm

The boiling point of water decreases __ degrees for every 1000 feet of elevation gain.

2 degrees

To protect the riparian area, select a campsite location at least ___ feet away from lakes, streams, etc.

200 feet

Water conducts heat away from the body approximately __ times faster than air at the same temperature.

25 times faster

How many 7.5-minute maps are required to represent the same area as one 15-minute map?

4 maps

If the separation between the flash of lightning and the clap of thunder is 20 seconds, the lightning is how far away?

4 miles

Sound, including thunder, travels about a mile in __ seconds near the ground.

5 seconds

When the sun is at a bearing of 240 degrees in the sky, the shadows point to __.

60 degrees

How many minutes are there are there in one degree of latitude or longitude?

60 minutes

High altitude begins at what elevation?

8000 feet

Which map provides more detail, a 7.5-minute map or a 15-minute map?

A 7.5-minute map

What agency? Initially to manage rangelands for use by mining, grazing, oil and gas development.

Bureau of Land Management

Heat loss due to physical contact with a cooler object is called ___

Conduction

An Act of _____ is required to designate federal lands as wilderness areas.

Congress

Loss of body heat to circulating wind is called ___.

Convection

There is one National Park in Oregon. What is it?

Crater Lake

Sweating is a form of ___ heat loss.

Evaporation

A field of tall grass 3 feet high will be represented by the color green on a topo map. T or F?

False

A high quality orienteering compass will have degree markers on the housing in 5 degree increments. T or F?

False

A small cave is a good escape from the weather during a lightning storm. T or F?

False

Alcohol is a vasoconstrictor. T or F?

False

As you gain elevation, the percentage of O2 in the air decreases. T or F?

False

At rest, the majority of heat production occurs in the head region. T or F?

False

Bacteria cannot be removed using a filter because they are very small. T or F?

False

Beneath a lone tree is a good place to be during a lightning storm. T or F?

False

Biodegradable soap degrades quickly in water sources such as lakes and streams. T or F?

False

Carbohydrates pack more energy per gram than fat. T or F?

False

Clouds block UV radiation. T or F?

False

Cotton is an effective insulator in wet, cold conditions. T or F?

False

Down is a good choice as an insulator for wet, rainy conditions. T or F?

False

Eating snow to rehydrate is okay if the snow is dry and you are having a hard time keeping warm. T or F?

False

Fake of bluff charges by bears are not that common. T or F?

False

Fats slow digestion, making them an important morning energy source for the start of a hike. T or F?

False

Heat cramps will occur if a person is adequately hydrated. T or F?

False

If a bear comes into your tent, you should play dead and hope it goes away. T or F?

False

If attacked by a black bear, you should always use the "possum" routine recommended for defense against a grizzly attack. T or F?

False

If you suspect that you have poison oak oil on your skin, it's best to wash with warm water and soap. T or F?

False

In our area, ticks are most active in the late summer when it's hot and dry. T or F?

False

Iodine water purification tablets kill cryptosporidium but not Giardia. T or F?

False

It is always ok to use exercise as a treatment modality for someone experiencing mild or moderate hypothermia. T or F?

False

It's acceptable within the LNT philosophy to wash your dishes in a stream with biodegradable soap. T or F?

False

It's an acceptable practice within the LNT philosophy to bury trash. T or F?

False

It's an acceptable practice within the LNT philosophy to feed animals leftover food. T or F?

False

It's an acceptable practice within the LNT philosophy to take a rock, plant or other natural object home with you, so long as there are lots of them for others to enjoy. T or F?

False

It's best to remove a tick by either burning it or putting oil on it. T or F?

False

Lines of latitude run north-south and lines of longitude run east-west. T or F?

False

Lyme disease can be transferred from a tick in as little as two hours after the tick has attached to you. T or F?

False

Magnetic north and geographic north are the same. T or F?

False

Motorized boats are allowed on lakes in wilderness areas. T or F?

False

Mountain bikes are allowed in federally managed wilderness areas. T or F?

False

People do NOT vary in their level of susceptibility to altitude illness. T or F?

False

Poison oak is relatively easy to recognize because the leaves come in groups of five. T or F?

False

Shadows are longer in the summer than they are in the winter. T or F?

False

The average apparent motion of the sun across the sky is 17 degrees per hour. T or F?

False

The locations of the magnetic north pole is fixed. T or F?

False

The maximum group-size permitted in federally managed wilderness areas is 6. T or F?

False

The most common contour interval for 7.5-minute maps is 80 feet. T or F?

False

The oil that causes poison oak rash is contained ONLY in the leaves of the plant. T or F?

False

The red end of the compass needle points towards magnetic south. T or F?

False

Tobacco is a vasodilator. T or F?

False

Under no circumstances will power lines cause deviation of the compass needle. T or F?

False

Very cold water kills Giardia, while warm water prolongs its life. T or F?

False

You should never stare a cougar down during a close encounter. T or F?

False

Your thirst mechanism is a very good indicator of your level of dehydration. T or F?

False

What agency? To conserve, manage and restore fish, wildlife and plant habitat.

Fish and Wildlife Service

Loss of fine motor control in hands. Mild, Moderate, or Server Hypothermia?

MIld

You are going on a solo backcountry hike for a full day. Describe the information you would convey to your roommate or friend before leaving, about your hike and the protocols to follow if you are not back by nightfall.

Map with trail head marked and planned route. What time you should be home in the evening, and if you aren't back by early morning then call the county sheriff to get a search started.

Six states do not have any designated wilderness areas. Name one.

Maryland, Iowa

Can't perform complex mental tasks. Mild, Moderate, or Server Hypothermia?

Mild

Fine shivering. Mild, Moderate, or Server Hypothermia?

Mild

Person feels cold/lags behind. Mild, Moderate, or Server Hypothermia?

Mild

Ataxia. Mild, Moderate, or Server Hypothermia?

Moderate

The umbles. Mild, Moderate, or Server Hypothermia?

Moderate

Uncontrollable shivering. Mild, Moderate, or Server Hypothermia?

Moderate

What are the four cardinal points and inter cardinal points of the compass?

N, E, S, W NE, SE, NW, SW

The agency with the most wilderness acreage to manage (mostly within Alaska) is the ____.

National Park Service

What agency? To provide for the use and enjoyment of the parks by people.

National Park Service

7.5-minute maps made by the USGS generally span how many miles north to south? East to west?

North to South? 8 miles East to West? 6 miles

The name of the north star is ___.

Polaris

The mechanism of heat loss that is the most common when the body is at rest is ___

Radiation

Shivering stops. Mild, Moderate, or Server Hypothermia?

Severe

The three forces of nature that work to decompose solid waste are ___, ___, and ___.

Soil bacteria, heat from the sun, water

What is the first step you should take when you become lost?

Stop moving, sit don, relax, think about how you got to where you are and think of a plan for further action.

What county agency organizes, and is responsible for search and rescue operations in Oregon?

The county sheriff

A hot shower can relieve the itching common to poison oak rash. T or F?

True

A majority of the energy derived from the food we eat goes into heat production. T or F?

True

A person with moderate hypothermia has lost the ability to rewarm on her/his own. T or F?

True

An initial reaction of the body when it attempts to cool itself is to dilate the blood vessels in the extremities. T or F?

True

At our altitude in December, the sun rises south of east and sets south of west. T or F?

True

For significant precipitation to form, air must rise or be lifted. T or F?

True

Generally speaking, a lightning bolt will hit the highest thing around. T or F?

True

Glucose (blood sugar) is the only fuel normally used by brain cells. T or F?

True

Heat stroke is a life-threatening heat injury. T or F?

True

Humans do not inherently acquire a sense of direction. T or F?

True

Humans have very efficient cooling systems. T or F?

True

If you set up camp in a pristine area, you should move camp every day to minimize impact. T or F?

True

In general, grizzlies are more aggressive and foul tempered than black bears. T or F?

True

Iron in rocks is a naturally occurring mineral that can deflect the compass needle. T or F?

True

Lines of latitude run equidistant from each other. T or F?

True

Shivering requires the energy of a slow jog. T or F?

True

The earth's axis is tilted 23.5 degrees from vertical. T or F?

True

The most common map scale for a 7.5-minute map is 1:24000. T or F?

True

Nine million acres of land was designated wilderness when the Wilderness Act was passed, and all of these lands were designates by the _____.

United States Forest Service

What agency? To provide for the wise use of our national forest resources.

United States Forest Service

What species of tick in our area carries Lyme disease?

Western Black-Legged Tick

What is the first core organ to exhibit signs of being affected by hypothermia?

brain

All others factors being equal, when air rises in a cloudless sky it cools at the rate of __degrees/1000ft.

cloudless= 5 degrees

All others factors being equal, when air rises in a cloudy sky it cools at the rate of __degrees/1000ft.

cloudy = 3 degrees

The kind of air space that exists between fibers and is responsible for trapping body heat is called ___ air space.

dead

A contour line is a line that connects points of ___ ____.

equal elevation

On the spring and fall ____ the sun rises exactly east and sets exactly west.

equinoxes

Three blasts of a whistle means ____.

help - a distress call

The color black on the map represents what kind of features?

human made (roads, trails, buildings)

Every 5th contour line is darker in color. This line is called an __ contour line.

index

Hypothermia is a lowering of the body's ___.

internal temperature

The area within the boundary of a campsite that usually receives the highest impact is the ____ area.

kitchen

Orographic lifting is the lifting of air over a _____ barrier.

mountain

Giardia lamblia is a ____

protozoa

Searchers usually begin their search for a lost person from what location?

the point the lost person was last seen