womens exam

The Girl effect: what did Srey wrath do after she met a social worker

Became a street peddler

The sociocultural approach to gender inequality suggest that there are

Biological differences between males and females and they are important

The Purity Myth: What do educators educate people about to avoid losing one's virginity?

Dangers of sex

Heteropatriarchy refers to the idea that compulsory heterosexuality and its embedding in social structures is motivated by a desire to eliminate patriarchy.

False

Marriages with elaborate and expensive wedding gifts and celebrations are far more common among marriages between kin.

False

The Purity Myth: Federally-funded abstinence programs have proven to be remarkably accurate and effective.

False

Work in the formal labor sector includes trading and selling at markets, "under the table" and "off the books" employment, and work done on a contract basis in the home.

False

Explaining Women's Low Status and Power: The Strength and Expendability theory postulates that women's low status is attributable to all of the following EXCEPT which one?

Men engage in important economic obligations and perform critical rituals

Over the past three decades, scholars have attempted to document the lesbian relationships of notable women in American history. The noted women discussed in your textbook include all of the following EXCEPT:

Michelle Obama

Family Planning and the "God Gulf": What has been the result of pro-life conservatives' positions in reproductive health?

More abortions

_______ was developed by Black Protestants and emphasizes justice for the oppressed.

Womanist theology

Women all over the world have a great deal in common. However, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Most women live in cultures where they don't have to worry about unplanned pregnancy due to the high desirability of producing multiple offspring.

women all over the world have a great deal in common. However, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Most women live in cultures where they don't have to worry about unplanned pregnancy due to the high desirability of producing multiple offspring.

Among conservative families, the couple meets and socializes during formal visits, in which the future husband visits the bride's house during religious occasions. This is known as _____.

Mousim

The numerous celebrations, gifts, and ritual visits of the marriage process both create and perpetuate existing social ties. These are known as _____.

Mousim visits

Honor killing is a tradition whereby a man is I'll obliged to kill a close female blood relative of she does something to dishonor her family. which of the following statements about honor killing is false

Women are commonly targeted for honor killing when they neglect to wear make up

Which of the following statements regarding the world's major religions is TRUE?

Women were important leaders in early Islam.

Explaining Women's Low Status and Power: Sherry Ortner's Nature-Nurture theory postulated all of the following EXCEPT which one?

Women's roles in elder care and religious rituals are devalued

The Purity Myth: What happens at a purity ball?

Young girls pledge their virginity to their fathers

By 2015, the United Nations' Millennium Development Goals called for _____ which resulted in _____.

a 75% reduction in maternal mortality; programs and initiatives to improve maternal health

The New Abolitionists: Who initially helped Sunitha to rescue girls from brothels?

a former pimp named Akbar

Honor killings involve _____.

a male family member killing a female blood relative who dishonors the family

Honor killings involve

a male family member killing female blood relative who dishonors the family

Migrant women often send a large portion of their earnings back home to their families. This transfer of funds is known as ________.

a remittance

The New Abolitionists: What is LC2LC?

a student-run group against modern slavery

The importance of gift and social exchange in industrial societies is _____.

a symbolic tie; to create and affirm bonds between giver and receiver

Rule by Rape: What is Rapex?

a tube with barbs inside that clamps on to a man's penis who rapes a woman

Half the Sky: In The Axis of Equality, which of the following statement about Rwanda is INACCURATE?

Though women have made tremendous strides in economic, political, and social roles, they have been unsuccessful at grassroots movements.

Microcredit: The Financial Revolution: Saima Muhammad borrowed money from the Kashf Foundation for what purpose?

To buy beads and cloth to embroider goods to sell in the market.

Both working-class and middle-class men in Tunis try to maintain the family honor by keeping their wives at home. It is shameful for a married woman to work outside of the home.

True

Contrary to what might be expected, mainstream feminism is often guilty of ignoring the issues of nonheterosexual women.

True

Even today gender inequalities affects women everywhere in both enormous and profound ways

True

Most societies currently view homosexuality as a sickness (or deny its existence altogether).

True

There is no substantial evidence that indicates female leaders are more ethical or govern in a more peaceful and democratic way than male leaders.

True

Explaining Women's Low Status and Power: All of the following statements about the cult of domesticity is accurate EXCEPT which one? It _____.

Valued women's domestic role as the highest achievement

Intrauterine devices (IUDs) are the most widely used form of reversible birth control in the world. However, their potential side effects include

an increased likelihood of STD infection

Intrauterine devices (IUDs) are the most widely used form of reversible birth control in the world. However, their potential side effects include

an increased risk for pelvic inflammatory disease

Women who belong to _____ tend to have friends who are well-placed and -connected.

an informal social group

The term "lesbian" can evoke a multitude of different responses from female homosexuals. These responses include all of the following, EXCEPT:

claiming that it is a label that promotes homosexual superiority over heterosexual relationships.

Civilization--The Ascent of Woman: In ancient Greece, females were _____.

considered a different species

the idea that right and wrong are culturally determined is called

cultural relativism

Christianity originated in the Middle East, is the fastest growing religion in the world, and is officially opposed to the use of gendered imagery for the Divine.

false

Countries with antinatalist policies tend to provide a large range of contraceptive options, but they emphasize those that are both low in risk and high in effectiveness.

false

Despite women's activism, the number of countries outlawing abortion has increased dramatically in the past 20 years.

false

Due to what is known as "son preference," families in many countries value male children over female children. This often results in the purposeful killing, abandonment, and/or neglect of female infants. However, the male-to-female ratios in these countries have remained surprisingly stable.

false

Gender norms refer to the process by which societal beliefs and expectations about gender are instilled in us.

false

Global supply chains are businesses that fail to offer a living wage, require excessively long work hours, and provide poor working conditions (with many health and safety hazards).

false

Grassroots support organizations (GRSOs) are locally based groups that work to develop and improve the community.

false

Heteronormativity may be described as the idea that sexual classifications are artificial, limiting, and inaccurate.

false

Historically, men's work in the private sphere led to them having both greater property rights and economic and political power.

false

If you live in the United States, it is highly probable that the majority of your clothes, shoes, electronics, and toys were NOT created using women's sweatshop labor.

false

In some countries, bride kidnapping has developed as way for poor men to avoid paying the bride price (which involves the groom giving money, goods, or livestock to the parents of the bride in return for her hand). However, even in the countries where bride price is most common, bride kidnapping is still extremely rare.

false

It is primarily the progressive and egalitarian strains of the world's religions that promote traditional roles for women and attempt to limit women's rights.

false

Most Tunisian couples cannot afford a loan for a mortgage, and therefore very few of them actually own homes.

false

Neocolonialism refers to the practice of global south countries continuing to use former colonies for raw materials, minerals, and cash crops.

false

Neocolonialism refers to the practice of global south countries continuing to use former colonies for raw materials, minerals, and cash crops. You Answered True

false

Saudi Arabia has a higher percentage of women in its national legislature than the United States.

false

Sustainable development ensures that the ability of future generations to meet their own needs is not compromised, even if the needs of the present cannot be met as a result.

false

The Purity Myth: Federally-funded abstinence programs have proven to be remarkably accurate and effective.

false

The path to gender equality is ultimately the same regardless of one's culture.

false

The primary goal of multiculturalism is to eliminate undesirable cultural differences while emphasizing commonalities.

false

The sole purpose of global women's studies is to gain a scholarly understanding of cross-cultural gender inequality; this is viewed as being an end in and of itself.

false

The term "own-account workers" refers to self-employed women who have no more than five employees.

false

To to what is known as Son preference family than many countries value male children or a female children. this often results in the purposeful killing abandonment and/or neglect of female infants. However, the male to female ratio is in these countries have remained surprisingly stable

false

Transgender individuals have chromosomal and anatomical features of both males and females.

false

Well there are still far more poor women then poor men worldwide the gap has closed immensely in the past decade

false

Jane Roberts and Her 34 Million Friends: What was Jane's key message?

family planning and reproductive health services for women is a humanitarian issue

Which of the following are examples of development is NOT accurate?

focus on large scale economic growth only

In "Family Planning and the 'God Gulf'," the _____ barred funds to any foreign aid group that, even with other money, counseled women about abortions or had any link to abortions, which resulted in unwanted pregnancies, unsafe abortions, and death of women and girls.

gag rule

Mukhtar's school: what punishment did the tribal council decide upon for the rape of mukhtara brother shakur?

gang raping mukhtar

The _____ approach places explicit focus on improving the status and power of women. Additional emphasis is placed on the idea that women are the architects of their own development, rather than passive recipients of aid.

gender and development (GAD)

The _____ refers to the various barriers that prevent qualified women from advancing into management positions within their organizations. When these same women are forced to deal with both racism and sexism, however, it is referred to as a _____.

glass ceiling; concrete ceiling

One important aspect of _____ is that different parts of the production process are spread across different geographic regions.

global supply chains

The _____ in Kenya is a well-known example of a grassroots support organization. This movement organized women to plant and manage trees for fuelwood and to guard against soil erosion.

greenbelt movement

Typically, the legalization of abortion _____ its rate of prevalence and leads to _____ mortality rates.

has minimal impact on; decreased

Edna's Hospital: What did Edna's father do when he heard that she had been circumcised?

he cried

rule by rape: What did Woinshets father Zevene do when he heard What Andrew had done

he elicited help from the Ethiopian women lawyers association to have the law changed

Tears over Time Magazine: What was unique about Zainab's family?

her parents were close to Saddam Hussein

While _____ may be defined as the fear of homosexuals, _____ describes prejudice against both homosexuals and bisexuals.

homophobia; heterosexism

Sex and Gender: Gender ideologies are inscribed on the body in all of the following ways EXCEPT which one?

homosexuality

A CARE Package for Goretti: CARE meetings teach all of the following EXCEPT ______.

how to say "no" to their husbands

The Purity Myth: What do the people behind the push toward women's purity suggest is the cause of the "haze of promiscuity and moral decay?"

hypersexualization

In the global economy, _____ aspects of the production process often remain in Western nations, while _____ activities are subcontracted to developing countries.

knowledge-intensive; labor-intensive

The tendency for nonheterosexual women to live quiet and hidden lives, and for societies to deny or ignore their existence, is called __________.

lesbian and bisexual invisibility

Sex and Gender: The _____ theory questions why attaining manhood is filled with obstacles and feats of strength in so many cultures.

manhood puzzle

Sex and Gender: Which of the following is an example of the psychological explanation for the acceptance of same-sex sexual activity in a culture?

manhood puzzle

The _____ theory argues that patriarchy developed in the Neolithic period with the introduction of agriculture in which the labor of children was needed to increase production and surpluses?

materialist

The extension of small loans to women in poverty (for small-scale economic enterprises) is referred to as _____.

microcredit

rule by rape: Dara Kay Cohens study found that gang rape in civil wars was for

military units to bond

_______ was developed by Latinas with the intended goals of women's liberation and the affirmation of God in their communities.

mujerista theology

_____ governments provide subsidies to their farmers so that they can afford to sell their products for less in the global market. Because of this, farmers from _____ countries (where subsidies are unavailable) are unable to compete and become even poorer.

not western:eastern

Learning to Speak Up: Prajwala

offers rehabilitation, counseling, and training in vocational skills to former prostitutes.

A society that is structured in such a way that women are economically dependent upon men may be described as being _____.

patriarchal

Corporations, which are heavily motivated by their own profit margins, play a large role in the reproductive technologies that are available to women. Pharmaceutical companies have even gone so far as to

present incomplete information from drug trials in order to receive FDA approval and pull products off the market in order to avoid paying for manufacturing plant upgrades

Under the Shadow: What gives the women their independence?

proceeds from their crops and donations

Family Planning and the "God Gulf": What is one of the most effective ways to encourage smaller families?

promote education

A Doctor Who Treats Countries, Not Patients: What did AMDD do to fight maternal mortality in poor countries?

provide materials for a C-section for $42

The _____ emphasizes that the division of household labor reflects the relative economic power of women and men.

relative resources perspective

Collectively, the right to reproductive health care and the right to reproductive self-determination are referred to as

reproductive rights

According to the _____, we are relatively less likely to assign people to roles that call for qualities associated with the other gender.

role congruity theory

Family Planning and the "God Gulf": What do the authors suggest will bridge the God Gulf?

secular and religious bleeding hearts have to forge a common cause

Anne and Angeline: How did Ann initially raise funds for school fees for girls in Zimbabwe?

selling homemade sandwiches and cakes in the market in England

The _____ suggests that traditional expectations and relationships between the genders overflow into the workplace even though they are irrelevant and/or inappropriate.

sex role spillover theory

Requiring sex as a condition of employment or job rewards may be referred to as

sexual coercion

While _____ objectifies women by reducing them to sex, _____ incites violence against women and reduces them to commodities for market exchange.

sexual exploitation; sexual objectification

One consequence of lesbian and bisexual invisibility is _____, which refers to the stress caused by nonconformity to heteronormative expectations.

sexual minority stree

Learning to Speak Up: All of the following statements about Usha Narayane are correct EXCEPT which one?

she "tamed" the village bully, Akku Nadav, by marrying him

Edna's Hospital: What did Edna do to upset the protocols of the construction industry in Somaliland?

she barred workers from chewing khat and insisted that masons teach women how to make bricks

Emancipating Twenty-First-Century Slaves: What eventually happened to Meena?

she became a community organizer to discourage parents from prostituting their daughters

Why Do Women Die in Childbirth?: All of the following statements about Prudence's story are accurate. Which one is NOT?

she was eventually saved because of the blood transfusion

Why Do Women Die in Childbirth?: All of the following are reasons for maternal mortality EXCEPT which one?

small pelvis

A Doctor Who Treats Countries, Not Patients: What was a successful way to reduce pregnancies in South Africa?

subsidizing school uniforms for girl

Where do the highly educated, upwardly mobile middle-class migrant population tend to live?

suburbs

Sex and Gender: Which of the following statements about a social explanation of the acceptance of multiple gender categories in a culture, such as the Sworn Virgins, is inaccurate?

sworn virgins face discrimination in the Balkans

Sex Trafficking in the USA: All of the following statements about the Magdalene House are true EXCEPT which one?

the bath and body care company affiliated was making a huge profit helping the women

Women's Reproductive Rights: In some parts of the world, families will smooth out household demographics by sending a child elsewhere. All of the following are consequences of this EXCEPT which one?

the child is unruly and needs to be controlled

Women's Reproductive Rights: All of the following are demographic consequences of China's One-Child Policy EXCEPT which one?

the movement of girls to rural areas

Sex and Gender: All of the following conditions are related to gender equality in society except which one?

the use of plows and mechanization in agriculture

Women's Reproductive Rights: The decline in the fertility rate can be explained by all of the following reasons EXCEPT which one?

they are only declining in the Western world

Sex Trafficking in the USA: What was the commonality between the men arrested on National John's Day?

they said it was the first time they elicited a prostitute

Sex Trafficking in the USA: How did Nick help Maria and her husband find their rebellious daughter who ran away?

they searched a website called Back Page and found her photo

Mukhtar's School: Why did Mukhtar find the interviews by US journalists tiresome?

they were only interested in the rape

Endogamy both strengthens and reinforces ties between kin in women's networks, but also shrinks the network and reduces the social resource base.

true

Female genital cutting most commonly takes place just before a woman starts puberty.

true

In contrast to Mahayana Buddhism, which stresses that all human experience (both male and female) is a source of enlightenment, Theravada Buddhism engenders the notion that women are obstacles to spiritual progress.

true

In contrast to what occurs in developing countries, abortion is almost always safe in developed regions.

true

In developing nations, reduced lactation is one of the most serious side effects caused by hormonal contraceptives.

true

In export processing zones (EPZs), companies are generally exempt from labor, health and safety, and environmental laws.

true

In many countries (including Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates), domestic workers are not protected under the law.

true

In the Arab world, the concept of privacy as being left alone without human contact is a very alien concept.

true

In the United States, government cabinet members are called "secretaries."

true

In the United States, international marriage brokers (who market mail-order and Internet brides) are legally required to obtain criminal histories on their male clients.

true

It has been estimated that pimps (rather than prostitutes themselves) control at least 80% of all prostitution.

true

It has been suggested that woman spaces help to preserve the sex-segregated nature of religion by rendering it bearable and providing shared self-validation.

true

Most available evidence suggests that women vote at rates equal to or greater than the rates at which men vote. Women are also more likely to favor liberal or left-wing parties.

true

Most societies currently view homosexuality as a sickness (or deny its existence altogether).

true

New urban spatial realities have reconfigured the extended Arab household in Tunis by growing outward and upwards.

true

Research suggests that women's entry into the workforce has barely impacted the amount of child care and household labor performed by men; this has led to an increased demand for domestic/care workers.

true

The "women's rights as human rights perspective" suggests that regardless of culture and gender, people are entitled to certain basic rights that should be protected by the government.

true

The term "queer" is an inclusive, unifying term for LGBTI people.

true

Time-use surveys provide information about how men and women spend their time in both market and nonmarket work. Accordingly, these surveys can be used to reduce the invisibility of women's unpaid and informal sector labor.

true

Transnational feminism promotes the idea that no woman is free so long as others are oppressed.

true

While some lesbian feminists hope to obtain civil rights within existing patriarchal systems, others aspire to overthrow world patriarchy in order to liberate all women

true

While some lesbian feminists hope to obtain civil rights within existing patriarchal systems, others aspire to overthrow world patriarchy in order to liberate all women.

true

Women's _____ increases when government services are cut and women are expected to provide more care for children, elderly parents, and the sick.

unpaid labor

Sex and Gender: Traditionally, the hijras of India performed at:

weddings and childbirths

Edna's Hospital: Edna is distinguished as the first Somali woman to study all of the following EXCEPT which one?

with men

According to the _____ approach, directing development resources to women can improve food production and reduce poverty. This approach demands increased attention to women's development needs and emphasizes women's productive labor.

women in development (WID)

The process of recovering and documenting lesbian history is challenging. There are several reasons why this is the case, including the fact that __________.

women who took part in lesbian relationships were often careful not to leave behind evidence AND any evidence that was left behind often wound up being destroyed after the fact

It legible who describes gender any qualities as a social historical or alterable phenomenon is use utilizing a _____ explanations

Materialist

_____ refers to the death of a woman that occurs either while she is pregnant or as a result of that pregnancy (within 42 days of giving birth).

Maternal mortality

The world's first woman prime minister was from which country?

Sri Lanka

Sex Trafficking in the USA: What percentage of American men buy sex online in any given year?

10

Homosexuality was considered a mental disorder by the American Psychiatric Association (APA) until _____.

1974

Both in the United States and worldwide, women in the workforce earn an average of _____ percent less than men.

23

On average, women occupy _____ percent of the seats in national assemblies (i.e., parliaments and congresses), and in the Americas this figure is _____ percent.

23.3; 28.2

although there is great regional variation women earn --- of what men earn on the global average

24%

Approximately _____ percent of all pregnancies are unintended. Of those unintended pregnancies.

40

The Girl effect: all of the following happen to srey wrath except which one

After being be in she cooperated actively

_____ refers to all procedures involving partial or total removal of the external female genitalia for nonmedical purposes.

All of these are accurate

Which of the following statements regarding women's involvement in politics is FALSE?

As of 2017, approximately one half of the world's countries had reached critical political mass (or 30 percent female representation).

Civilization--The Ascent of Woman: Under the _____ Empire, the veil was introduced.

Assyrian

_____ arose out of Judaism and is based on the life, death, and resurrection of _____. The main religious text for this religion is the _____, which many feminists describe as a "patriarchal document of a patriarchal society."

Christianity; Jesus Christ; Bible

Which of the following statements is NOT applicable to forced marriage?

Coercion and deception are often not involved.

An individual who rejects the customs of their cultures believing that his or her own cultures way of doing things is the right way may be described as being

Ethnocentric

Which of the following statements regarding lesbian separatism is FALSE?

From the 1990s until 2010, separatist communities flourished and their populations grew.

_____ requires the use of gender analyses to ensure that gender equality concerns are taken into account for all developmental activities.

Gender mainstreaming

The best way to respect cultural diversity and advocate for women's rights is to do all of the following except

Help women understand how they could be better off by living like women from a more advanced country

_____ is the only major polytheistic religion in the world and the only one in which goddess worship is prominent and normal. This religion has no single founder or prophet, and although _____ serve/s as a primary source of scripture, there is no single authoritative text.

Hinduism; the Vedas

_____ refers to the tendency for occupations mainly held by men to have substantially higher pay rates and status as compared to those mainly held by women.

Horizontal occupational segregation

An individual who describes gender inequality as a social, historical, and alterable phenomenon is utilizing a(n) _____ explanation.

Materialist

A dowry consists of money or goods paid by a bride's family to either the groom or the groom's family (primarily in the countries of Southeast Asia). Which of the following statements about dowry is FALSE?

Increasingly large dowry requirements make it advantageous for families to try and have multiple daughters.

Dowry murders occur in which country/countries

India Bangladesh and Pakistan

Fundamentalist strains of Islam are the most oppressive to women; they seek religious states that rule according to shari'ah law. Muslim's who share fundamentalist views are sometimes called _____, and the process by which states become governed by conservative forms of Islam is called _____.

Islamists; Islamization

Which of the following is NOT a consequence of men's greater economic power, according to Burn?

It gives women the ability to have a say in household decisions

Burn, Ch. 3: Which of the following statements about the Roman Catholic Church is FALSE?

It is officially opposed to all forms of birth control.

Which of the following reasons does NOT support the fact that the global study of women is rich and rewarding?

It offers insights into the differential structures of the female brain.

Which of the following statements about son preference is NOT true?

It predominates where there are patrilineal landowning communities in Africa

The Purity Myth: Which of the following statements about President George W. Bush's Surgeon General's abstinence only policy is true?

It was primarily based on ideology

Burn argues that in many countries, Intimate Partner Violence is hard for women to escape from because of all of the following EXCEPT which one?

Lack of strength to fight men physically

The tendency for nonheterosexual women to live quiet and hidden lives, and for societies to deny or ignore their existence, is called __________.

Lesbian and bisexual invisibilty

_____ refers to the practice of disempowering feminists by labeling them lesbians, whores, or bad mothers.

Lesbian-baiting and sexuality-baiting

Mukhtar's School: From where or whom did Mukhtar get the funds to open her school?

President Musharraf

Family Planning and the "God Gulf": What do the authors identify as the profound role in the "God Gulf" in American foreign policy?

Religion

_____ is now the only country where men may vote and run for office but women cannot.

Saudi Arabia

Anne and angeline: all the following aspects of angeline's life are true except which one

She became the head Mistress Of the school thanks to Ann Cotton

Investing in education: which of the following statements about Dai Manju's story is not accurate

She had a hard time learning because she was so malnourished

The Purity Myth: Purity balls were first started in _____.

The USA

What occurs during Ramadan?

all of these typically occur

As of 2017, no woman had ever won the Nobel Peace Prize.

false

Explaining Women's Low Status and Power: Michelle Rosaldo argued that women's low status and power is associated with _____.

The domestic-public dichotomy in which women are relegated to home-based tasks

Half the Sky: The Axis of Equality: Following the Communist Revolution in China, gender equality in China improved. Which of the following statements represents this phenomenon INACCURATELY?

The government's end of the practice of aborting female fetuses.

When wife's are murdered by their husbands or in laws for dowry purposes is called dowry murder. dowry murder can occur under all the circumstances except which of the following

The husband realize that he and his wife are not romantically compatible

When wives are murdered by their husbands or in-laws for dowry purposes, it is called "dowry murder." Dowry murder can occur under all of the circumstances, EXCEPT which of the following?

The husband realized that he and his wife are not romantically compatible

Which of the following statements about developing nations is FALSE?

The majority of the least developed nations are located in the Middle East.

Investing in Education: Which level of schooling did Dai Manju reach?

accounting school

Women's political influence comes primarily from their _____.

activities in grassroots organizations.

The Girl Effect: All of the following happened to Srey Rath EXCEPT which one?

after being beaten, she cooperated actively

Emancipating Twenty-First-Century Slaves: What is distinctive about the Nutt?

all of these

Family Planning and the "God Gulf": What were the results of the gag rule?

all of these

Rescuing Girls Is the Easy Part: Why do girls return to the brothels after they have been rescued?

all of these

The Axis of Equality: One century ago, China was one of the worst place in the world to be born female for which of the following reasons?

all of these

Why Do Women Die in Childbirth?: Which of the following explains the disregard for women as it relates to their death in childbirth?

all of these

Half the Sky: In "Maternal Mortality--One Woman a Minute," Mahabouba's fistula

all of these are accurate

A CARE Package for Goretti: What did Goretti sell that launched her small business?

banana beer

Microcredit--The Financial Revolution: Why did Roshaneh Zafar not end up working at the World Bank?

because the money they had never got down to the villages

Prohibition and Prostitution: The Sonagachi Project in India encouraged all of the following EXCEPT which one?

better living conditions

The majority of development programs are funded when the government of one country provides aid to the government of another country. This type of foreign aid is referred to as _____.

bilateral aid

Half the Sky: In "Emancipating Twenty-First Century Slaves," Kristof and WuDunn argue that the essential part of the brothel business model is to

break the girl's spirit through humiliation, threats, and violence

Prohibition and Prostitution: Which nation was severely criticized by the TIP Report

cambodia

Migrant recruitment agencies enable poor women to migrate and become factory workers, domestic/care laborers, or brides. However, this often leaves those women in a position of indenture as they work to pay off the required fees. This indenture is referred to as _____.

debt bondage

An individual who rejects the customs of other cultures, believing that his or her own culture's way of doing things is the right way, may be described as being _____.

ethnocentric

Although restricting legal abortion typically reduces abortion rates (albeit moderately), legalizing abortion also seems to decrease its prevalence.

false

Sex and Gender: The basis of gender hierarchies is

ideology

Women's Reproductive Rights: All of the following are consequences of the One-Child policy EXCEPT which one?

if a child is a girl, she is forced to work and take care of her parents financially

Countries with pronatalist policies attempt to increase birth rates by reducing or banning contraception and abortion (and/or by providing government benefits based on family size). These policies are often enacted with the hope of

increasing the workforce

Which of the following is NOT an example of formal politics?

international social movements

Women's experiences vary widely due to ____, which may be described as the interplay between different social categories (e.g., age, race). Their experiences are also influenced by the political, historical, and economic ___ in which they occur

intersectionality; contexts

Maternal Mortality--One Woman a Minute: Injuries in childbirth

is called maternal morbidity

The Purity Myth: The purity balls and movement contribute to all of the following except:

it ensures that young girls will never have sex until marriage

The Axis of Equality: What has been the outcome of manufacturing for girls and women in China?

it has raised their opportunities and status

Prohibition and Prostitution: What happened with the crackdown on brothels in Mumbai?

it made prostitution more profitable for brothel owners