Word Linking (Biology)
A technique used to analyze pigments in spinach leaves is shown in the diagram below. This technique is known as
Paper chromatography
State the general relationship between water depth and the number of fish species found
The deeper the water, the fewer fish species are found.
Explain why consumption of alcoholic beverages by a pregnant woman is likely to be more harmful to her fetus than to herself.
The fetus is still developing
State what would most likely happen to one other population in this food web if all the squirrels and rabbits were suddenly killed by a viral disease.
The fox/weasel/cougar population would decrease because of less food.
Which statement best describes the functions of these organs?
The removal of wastes from both A and B involves the use of energy from ATP
A technique used to reproduce plants is shown in the diagram below. An antibiotic is effective in killing 95% of a population of bacteria that reproduce by the process shown below. Which statement best describes future generations of these bacteria?
They will be produced by asexual reproduction and will be more resistant to the antibiotic.
State one way information obtained from this procedure can be used.
To determine paternity/maternity
Which statement describes how one biotic factors of the forest uses one of the abiotic factors listen in the data table?
Trees absorb water as a raw material for photosynthesis
One finch that would most likely compete with the warbler finch for food is the
Woodpecker finch
The diagram below represents factors that affect New York State ecosystems. An increase in human activity at X would most likely result in
an increase in air pollution in the area
Thousands of genetically identical trees have been discovered growing in a remote, undisturbed mountain area in Colorado. These trees are most likely the result of
asexual reproduction
This laboratory setup would most likely be used to demonstrate
diffusion
Identify the procedure used to obtain these results.
gel electrophoresis
The chart below compares size of three structures: a gene, a nucleus, and a chromosome. Size Structure smallest in size A B greatest in size C Based on this information, structure A would most likely be a
gene that is part of structure B
Communication between cells is affected if there is decreased ability to produce
hormones and nerve impulses
Damage to the ozone shield over the United States is likely to cause
increased exposure to ultraviolet light
The drinking of alcoholic beverages by a pregnant woman is harmful to the development of her fetus. This is most damaging early in a pregnancy because during this time
many of the essential organs of the fetus are forming
Which sequence illustrated the increasing complexity of levels of organization in multicellular organisms?
organelle-> cell tissue-> organ-> organ system-> organisms
Years ago, an article was written titled "Medicine Chest in the Jungle." This article most likely described the
potential for ecosystems to be a source for new drugs
A human activity that could significantly decrease the amount of carbon dioxide in the air is
preserving and expanding forest habitats that shelter wildlife
People living in and around the Amazon rain forest have used parts of the gaviola tree to prepare medicines. Research is being conducted to determine if this tree can provide cures for many types of cancer. Continued destruction of rain forests might
reduce biodiversity and remove organisms with the potential to help humans
Windmills that generate electricity are being built in coastal areas. The main benefit of these windmills is that they
reduce dependency on fuels that cause air pollution
In New York State, cars are inspected to be sure they are not releasing excessive amounts of several gases into the atmosphere. This is done in an effort to
reduce global warming
Which two processes are responsible for keeping the percentage of atmospheric oxygen at relatively constant levels?
respiration and photosynthesis
Band X represents the
smallest fragment of DNA that traveled the fastest
If 15% of a DNA sample is made up of thymine, T, what percentage of the sample is made up of cytosine, C?
35%
Identify the color of the contents of the artificial cell after two hours.
Blue black
The diagram below shows various ecological communities that occupied an area over a period of 300 years. Which statement best describes the diagram?
Community D modified the environment, making it more suitable for community E.
Which developmental process is represented by the diagram below?
Differentiation
The large ground finch, sharp-billed ground finch, and small tree finch inhabit the same island. If the insect population decreases, which finch would most likely be affected? Support your answer.
Small tree finch eats animals, whereas the other two birds are plant eaters.
The diagram below represents some changes that took place in a bacterial population recently exposed to an antibiotic. Which statement would best explain the presence of bacteria on day 4?
Some of the bacterial population was resistant to this antibiotic.
Identify the structure labeled a and explain how the functioning of structure a is essential for the normal development of the fetus.
Structure A: Placenta Exchange surface for nutrients or wastes or O2 between mother and fetus
The diagram below represents levels of organization within of a multicellular organism. Cell Nucleus Chromosome X Which statement is correct regarding the structure represented by X?
Structure X has the same base sequence in all the body cells of the organism.
Which species of finch has an edge-crushing bill that can also probe into plants for food?
cactus finch
The arrows in the diagram could represent the release of
carbon dioxide from a mitochondrion carrying out respiration
Information can be sent from
cell B to cell A because cell A is able to recognize signal 1
This technique is a type of
genetic engineering
After two hours, the color of the liquid in the beaker did not change. This shows that
starch did not pass out of the artificial cell
The energy for use by organisms in level A originally comes from
the Sun
The diagram below shows a process that affects chromosomes during meiosis. This process can be used to explain
the origin of new combinations of traits in offspring
A dogfish shark contains 24 chromosomes in each of its muscle cells. How many chromosomes are normally found in each of its gametes?
12
Which row in the chart below identifies the lettered substances in this process?
2
Which model best represents the relationship between a cell, a nucleus, a gene, and a chromosome?
3 Cell Nucleus Chromosome Gene
Which graph represents a population that grew and is maintained at the carrying capacity of its ecosystem?
4
Which row in the chart below indicates the correct process for each event indicated?
4
Small pox is a disease caused by a specific virus while the common cold can be caused by over 100 different viruses. Explain why it is possible to develop a vaccine to prevent smallpox, but it is difficult to develop a vaccine to prevent the common cold. Identify the substance in a vaccine that makes the vaccine effective Explain the relationship between a vaccine and white blood cell activity Explain why the response of the immune system to a vaccine is specific State one reason why it would be difficult to develop a vaccine to be used against the common cold
A dead virus Antibodies are produced by a certain type of white blood cell in response to the vaccine. Antibodies have specific shapes and each antibody shape is complementary to only one shape of virus or antigen. Since the common cold is caused by many different viruses, a vaccine would have to contain all the different types of cold viruses.
Which diagram, A or B, most accurately represents interactions between biotic and abiotic factors in a forest environment?
A, because it shows the Sun and living things
Complete the chart below to show the mRNA codons and amino acids coded for by the DNA base sequence. DNA base sequence: TAC TTA TCA TAG mRNA codons: ___ ___ ___ ___ Amino acids: ___ ___ ___ ___
AUG AAU AGU AUC MET ASN SER ILE
A population of bats feeds on flying insects. Some of these bats have a gene that results in much stronger flight muscles than those of the other bats in the area. Explain how this variation could lead to evolutionary change within this species of bat. In your answer, be sure to include an explanation of: competition within the bat population survival of various individuals within the bat population how the frequency of the trait for stronger flight muscles would be expected to change within the bat population over time
Bats with the variation for stronger flight muscles would most likely catch more flying insects than bats without the gene. More bats possessing the gene for stronger flight muscles would survive than those without. Over time, more bats would possess the variation for stronger flight muscles.
Humans are changing the quality of the atmosphere and some of these changes may be harmful to the environment. Identify one specific pollutant resulting from human activity that has contributed to changing the quality of the atmosphere.
CO2
State one specific example of how the pollutant you identified in question 56 may be harmful to the environment.
CO2: leads to global warming
Which statement concerning the reproductive cells in the diagram below is correct?
Each of these cells contains only half the genetic information necessary for the formation of an offspring.
To determine the effect of fatigue on the action of muscles, each of five boys was given a 12-cm clothespin and each of five girls was given a 10-cm clothespin. The students squeezed the clothespins for 30 seconds and recorded the results. After the first trail, the girls rested and the boys jogged in place for 1 minute. A second trial was then done to determine how many times each student could squeeze the clothespin in 45 seconds. Identify one error in the design of this experiment.
Each trial should have more students.
State one possible reason why the deer population could remain relatively constant, even though the number of berry bushes and berries varies from year to year.
If there are not enough berries, then the deer population can eat more acorns and Hickory nuts.
If this forest community experienced a severe lack of rain throughout the spring and summer seasons, state what effect this drought could have on the grouse population.
Lack of rain could cause plants to die off, decreasing the food available for the beetles, which would die off, causing the grouse population to also decrease.
The diagram below represents a cell found in some complex organisms. The enlarged section represents an organelle, labeled X, found in this cell. Describe the function of organelle X and explain how it is important to the survival of the cell. Identify organelle x State the process that this organelle performs Identify the two raw materials that are needed for this process to occur Identify one molecule produced by this organelle and explain why it is important to the organism
Mitochondrion Respiration Sugar/glucose and oxygen ATP- this molecule makes energy available for life functions
If a chemical that interrupts cell division is added to a culture of human liver tissue, which process would stop?
Mitosis
The diagram below represents a series of events in the development of a bird. Which series of terms best represents the sequence of processes shown?
Mitosis-> differentiation-> growth
The DNA is most similar in which two children?
Most similar are B and D because they have the most bands in common.
