World Geography 1

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Eastern Hemisphere

Everything east of the Prime Meridian for 180°

Northern Hemisphere

Everything north of the equator

Southern Hemisphere

Everything south of the equator

Western Hemisphere

Everything west of the Prime Meridian for 180°

Absolute Location

Global address, identify it by naming the latitude and longitude lines that cross exactly at that place.

Elevation

Height

Compass Rose

Indicates direction

Planar Projection

It shows the Earth centered in such a way that a straight line coming from the center to any other point represents the shortest distance. Also known as an azimuthal projection, it is most accurate at its center. As a result, it is often used for rnaps of the Poles.

Equator

It's measured at 0° latitude, while the Poles lie at Ia titudes 90°N (north) and 90°S (south).

Hemisphere

It's one of the halves into which the Earth is divided. Geographers divide the Earth into hemispheres to help them classify and describe places on Earth. Most places are located in two of the four hemispheres.

Location

Lines on globes and maps provide information that can help you locate places

Globe

Scale model of the Earth, because Earth is round, a globe presents the most accurate depiction of geographic information such as area, distance, and direction.

Topography

Shape of the Earth's physical features

Political Map

Shows the boundaries and locations of political units such as countries, states, cities, and towns.

Meridians

They circle the Earth from Pole to Pole

Prime Meridian

They measure at at 0° longitude. Meridians east of the Prime Meridian are known as east longitude. Meridians west of the Prime Meridian are known as west longitude. The 180° meridian on the opposite side of the Earth is called the lnternational Date Line

Key

lists and explains the symbols, colors, and lines used on the map

Conic Projection

placing a cone over part of a globe. Conic projections are best suited for showing limited east-west areas that are not too far from the Equator

Map

A symbolic representation of all or part of the planet. Unlike globes, maps can show small areas in great detail.

Map Projection

Cartographers project the round Earth onto a flat surface-making a map projection. Distance, shape, direction, or size may be distorted by a projection.

Human-made

Determined by humans rather than by nature

Relief

Differences in elevation of landforms

Grid System

Lines on globes and maps provide information that can help you locate places. These lines cross one another forming a pattern called a grid system, which helps you find exact places on the Earth's surface.

Latitude

Lines that circle the Earth parallel to the Equator and measure the distance north or south of the Equator in degrees

Relative location

Location of one place in relation to another

Cartographers

Map makers

Physical map

Map that shows the location and topography or shape of the earths features

Thematic Map

Maps that emphasize a single idea or a particular kind of information about an area

Flow-line Maps

Maps that illustrate the movement of people, animals, goods, and ideas, as well as physical processes like hurricanes and glaciers

Qualitative Maps

Maps that use colors, symbols, lines, or dots to show inJormation related to a specific idea

Four Cardinal directions

North, south, east, west

Intermediate directions

Northeast, northwest, southeast, southwest

Great Circle Route

The string will form part of a great circle, an imaginary line that follows the curve of the Earth, traveling along a great circle is called following a great circle route.

Scale

a consistent, propor- tional relationship between the measurements shown on the map and the measurement of the Earth's surface

Scale bar

shows the relationship between map measurements and actual distances on the Earth.

Cylindrical Projection

the projec- tion of the globe onto a cylinder. This projection is most accurate near the Equator, but shapes and distances are distorted near the Poles.


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