World Geography 1
Eastern Hemisphere
Everything east of the Prime Meridian for 180°
Northern Hemisphere
Everything north of the equator
Southern Hemisphere
Everything south of the equator
Western Hemisphere
Everything west of the Prime Meridian for 180°
Absolute Location
Global address, identify it by naming the latitude and longitude lines that cross exactly at that place.
Elevation
Height
Compass Rose
Indicates direction
Planar Projection
It shows the Earth centered in such a way that a straight line coming from the center to any other point represents the shortest distance. Also known as an azimuthal projection, it is most accurate at its center. As a result, it is often used for rnaps of the Poles.
Equator
It's measured at 0° latitude, while the Poles lie at Ia titudes 90°N (north) and 90°S (south).
Hemisphere
It's one of the halves into which the Earth is divided. Geographers divide the Earth into hemispheres to help them classify and describe places on Earth. Most places are located in two of the four hemispheres.
Location
Lines on globes and maps provide information that can help you locate places
Globe
Scale model of the Earth, because Earth is round, a globe presents the most accurate depiction of geographic information such as area, distance, and direction.
Topography
Shape of the Earth's physical features
Political Map
Shows the boundaries and locations of political units such as countries, states, cities, and towns.
Meridians
They circle the Earth from Pole to Pole
Prime Meridian
They measure at at 0° longitude. Meridians east of the Prime Meridian are known as east longitude. Meridians west of the Prime Meridian are known as west longitude. The 180° meridian on the opposite side of the Earth is called the lnternational Date Line
Key
lists and explains the symbols, colors, and lines used on the map
Conic Projection
placing a cone over part of a globe. Conic projections are best suited for showing limited east-west areas that are not too far from the Equator
Map
A symbolic representation of all or part of the planet. Unlike globes, maps can show small areas in great detail.
Map Projection
Cartographers project the round Earth onto a flat surface-making a map projection. Distance, shape, direction, or size may be distorted by a projection.
Human-made
Determined by humans rather than by nature
Relief
Differences in elevation of landforms
Grid System
Lines on globes and maps provide information that can help you locate places. These lines cross one another forming a pattern called a grid system, which helps you find exact places on the Earth's surface.
Latitude
Lines that circle the Earth parallel to the Equator and measure the distance north or south of the Equator in degrees
Relative location
Location of one place in relation to another
Cartographers
Map makers
Physical map
Map that shows the location and topography or shape of the earths features
Thematic Map
Maps that emphasize a single idea or a particular kind of information about an area
Flow-line Maps
Maps that illustrate the movement of people, animals, goods, and ideas, as well as physical processes like hurricanes and glaciers
Qualitative Maps
Maps that use colors, symbols, lines, or dots to show inJormation related to a specific idea
Four Cardinal directions
North, south, east, west
Intermediate directions
Northeast, northwest, southeast, southwest
Great Circle Route
The string will form part of a great circle, an imaginary line that follows the curve of the Earth, traveling along a great circle is called following a great circle route.
Scale
a consistent, propor- tional relationship between the measurements shown on the map and the measurement of the Earth's surface
Scale bar
shows the relationship between map measurements and actual distances on the Earth.
Cylindrical Projection
the projec- tion of the globe onto a cylinder. This projection is most accurate near the Equator, but shapes and distances are distorted near the Poles.
