World History Chapter 5 AP Classroom

Which of the following conclusions regarding the Ottoman Empire is best supported by the passage? Responses A Ottoman policies sought to limit the activities of some religious groups. B Many members of the Ottoman religious establishment practiced Sufism. C Ottoman rulers promoted an inclusive and tolerant interpretation of Islamic doctrine. D Ottoman policies toward Sufism caused conflicts between the Ottoman Empire and other Muslim states.

A

Which of the following would best support the assertion that hierarchies based on racial classification emerged after 1500 C.E. to maintain the authority of new elite groups in the Americas? Responses A The use of terms such as mestizo, mulatto and creole B The increasingly common use of European names in the Americas C New maritime technology facilitating long-term voyages by Europeans D The introduction of slavery to the Americas after the voyages of Columbus

A

Ibn Battuta's claim in the second paragraph that the ceremony that he observed at the court of the sultan of Sumatra was similar to a ceremony that he had seen at the court of the Delhi sultan in India is most likely understood in the context of which of the following developments in the Indian Ocean region in the period 1200-1450 ? Responses A Expanding trade facilitated increased tolerance of the traditions of other religious groups. B Cultural exchange emerged from competition among maritime empires. C Increasing cross-cultural interactions facilitated the spread of cultural traditions. D Cultural exchange emerged from new patterns of regional commerce.

C

Outside of the Ottoman Empire, Sufis contributed most directly to which of the following during the period before 1750? Responses A Scientific exchanges between the Muslim world and the rest of Afro-Eurasia B The establishment of Arabic as the language of philosophy and theology in the Muslim world C The spread of Islam to new locations on the margins of the Muslim world, such as southeast Asia D The introduction of new practices for recruiting and training slave soldiers in Muslim states, such as the Mughal Empire

C

The passage above is an example of which of the following processes occurring in the eighteenth century? Responses A The emergence of nationalism B The formation of separatist movements C The application of Enlightenment ideas D The growth of empirical science

C

Which of the following claims that Barkey makes in the passage appears to contradict most directly her assertion in the first sentence of the first paragraph? Responses A Ottoman administration played an important role in fostering tolerance in the empire. B Ottoman tolerance helped maintain peace and order. C Non-Muslims were second-class citizens who endured prejudice. D The Ottoman Empire's policies ensured that interethnic strife did not occur.

C

Which of the following developments in the period 1450-1750 would a historian most likely cite to support Barkey's claim regarding the Ottoman Empire and its predecessors and contemporaries in the first sentence of the second paragraph? Responses A The recruitment of Italian and Dutch merchants and officers into the Portuguese and Spanish navies B The use of Hindu officials in the Mughal imperial administration C The establishment of racial categories of social hierarchy under the casta system in Spanish colonies in the Americas D The official protection granted to Protestant communities in some European states, such as France, following religious conflicts

C

The passage would be most useful to a historian researching which of the following topics? Responses A The global influence of Enlightenment ideals on emerging nationalist movements B The influence of Christianization on ethnic identities C The influence of the Marxist concept of class conflict on Latin American societies D The global influence of economic liberalism on imperial land policies

A

The type of grievances outlined by the author in the passage was a key contributing factor in the outbreak of which of the following? Responses A The American Revolution B The Haitian Revolution C The First World War D The Second World War

A

All of the following contributed to the economic condition of the indigenous population of Mexico as described in the first paragraph EXCEPT Responses A the development of syncretic religious systems B the spread of epidemic diseases C the fall of indigenous states to European empires D the arrival of European settlers

A

All of the following statements about the Ottoman Empire in the period 1450-1750 are factually accurate. Which would most strongly support Barkey's claim regarding the Ottoman state and toleration in the passage? Responses A The Ottoman army increasingly relied on the contributions of the Janissary corps, which was mostly composed of soldiers of non-Turkic origin. B Some Ottoman sultans such as Selim I refused to accept the legitimacy of the Safavid rulers of Persia because they were Shi'a Muslims. C Some Ottoman sultans such as Suleiman the Magnificent patronized Sufi mystics, whose heterodox practices were sometimes condemned by the Sunni religious elite. D The Ottoman government required any cases involving a dispute between Muslims and non-Muslims to be resolved according to Islamic law.

A

As described in the passage, the voting requirements in Japan circa 1878 most directly reflect the continuing influence of Responses A societal norms that assigned women lower status than the status of men B nationalistic ideals that mobilized Japanese men to support imperial expansion C middle-class ideals that motivated women to seek work outside the household D Buddhist principles that emphasized the spiritual equality of men and women

A

Ibn Battuta traveled widely across the Middle East, South Asia, Southeast Asia, and Africa in the fourteenth century. His travels serve as evidence for the Responses A unifying influence of Islam B excellent condition of roads in Africa and Asia C political unity of Africa and Asia D widespread use of paper money

A

In the nineteenth century, women's use of bound feet (China), white face paint (Japan), and corsets (western Europe) are examples of which of the following? Responses A Practices that inhibit female activities B The beauty of middle-class women C Fashions that spread worldwide D The middle class's setting the fashion for all women E Women's participation in the workforce

A

The author's argument regarding taxation most closely resembles the arguments made by Responses A Enlightenment thinkers regarding natural rights and the social contract B working-class movements regarding better wages and working conditions C abolitionist movements regarding the need to end the Atlantic slave trade D conservative thinkers regarding the need to preserve the social status of landed elites

A

A historian could best explain the arguments made in the passage regarding the pope and the clergy in the context of Protestant claims that the Catholic Church Responses A had not adequately supported earlier Crusades against Muslims in the Holy Land B had become corrupted by power C had become too heavily influenced by Renaissance Humanism D had failed to convert Muslims living in Europe to Christianity

B

Based on the letter, Kartini's views were most similar to the views espoused by members of which of the following movements? Responses A The socialist movement B The early feminist movement C The abolitionist movement D The anti-imperialist movement

B

Based on the passage, the author would most likely support which of the following policies? Responses A Adopting a socialist system of government to reduce economic inequalities in Japanese society B Providing greater educational opportunities to increase women's economic independence C Industrializing the Japanese economy to increase the standard of living for all Japanese citizens D Returning Japan's political order to the way it was under the Tokugawa Shogunate

B

The attitude toward religious practice expressed in Source 2 was most directly apparent in which of the following Spanish policies in the Americas in the period circa 1500-1750 ? Responses A The establishment of the casta system B The state sponsorship of Jesuit missions to native populations C The use of the encomienda system D The development of Candomblé and Voudun among African slave populations

B

The author's position on the religious controversy in the passage can best be described as that of Responses A a strong supporter of the official Ottoman religious establishment B an impartial observer describing the controversy without taking sides C a practitioner of the Sufi way with its emphasis on increased spirituality D an advocate of the right of the people to freely choose their own religion

B

The photograph above of a mosque (first erected in the fourteenth century) in the modern-day West African country of Mali best exemplifies which of the following historical processes? Responses A Imposition of religion through military conquest B Spread of religion along trade routes C Abandonment of indigenous cultural styles in the face of colonization D Conflict between local and universalizing religions

B

The photograph above of the Süleymaniye mosque in Istanbul exemplifies which of the following historical processes? Responses A The interaction of humans and the environment B The synthesis of established cultural traditions and new traditions C Competition between traditional elites and the wealthy urban class for control of cultural traditions D The spread of missionary religions over global trade networks

B

Which of the following best explains Kartini's familiarity with the ideas regarding social roles that she discusses in her letter? Responses A The expansion of public education systems as governments increasingly centralized B The spread of Enlightenment thought as empires consolidated control over their territories C The development of new mass media technologies such as radio D The increasing overseas migration of Asians as laborers in European colonies

B

A historian interpreting the passage would most likely explain that the audience of the sermon is an illustration of the fact that Responses A papal alliances with the Holy Roman emperors led to widespread religious persecutions in Germany B the Protestant German nobility was wary of confronting the Ottomans without Catholic support C political support from the German nobility aided in the development of the early Protestant community D the Protestant German nobility adopted pacifist attitudes during religious disputes with their Catholic and Muslim opponents

C

A historian interpreting the views expressed in the passage would likely explain that those views were most strongly influenced by Protestant desires to Responses A promote religious war against fellow Christians B encourage the creation of a united German state free of papal influence C demonstrate that an individual's destiny was predetermined by God D reform Christian society by adhering more closely to Biblical teachings

D

Based on Ibn Battuta's description of the sultan of Sumatra in the first paragraph, his point of view could most likely be characterized as that of a Responses A Sunni Muslim merchant who believes that commercial profits should be given greater consideration than religious purity B Sufi Muslim mystic who believes that Muslim rulers should encourage religious coexistence C Shi'a Muslim cleric who believes that false interpretations of Islam have corrupted the religion D Sunni Muslim jurist who believes that a Muslim ruler should patronize the religious elite and seek to expand Islam

D

Kartini's goals were most clearly advanced by which of the following during the early twentieth century? Responses A Nationalist rebellions against imperial rule B The spread of neoliberal economic policies C New institutions of global cooperation and governance D New concepts of rights and citizenship

D

Source 2 indicates that all of the following were likely factors contributing to Sikhism's popularity in India EXCEPT: Responses A It offered a set of religious beliefs that combined elements of both Hinduism and Islam. B It advocated a direct and personal approach to God that paralleled Islamic beliefs. C It appealed to members of the lower socioeconomic strata by rejecting the rigid social hierarchy of Hinduism. D It offered a set of principles around which all Indians could rally in resisting British imperial encroachment

D

The economic inequality described by Humboldt in the first paragraph was one of the primary reasons that many twentieth-century Latin American governments advocated for Responses A the increased immigration of people of European ancestry B efforts to curb the emissions of greenhouse gases C providing incentives for their citizens to emigrate to the United States D programs to redistribute land and resources, often influenced by socialist ideology

D

The purpose of Ibn Battuta's account was most likely to Responses A glorify himself by exaggerating the influence he had obtained over local rulers in Southeast Asia B warn Muslim merchants that China was beginning to dominate commerce in the Indian Ocean C encourage fellow Muslims in North Africa to participate more in maritime commerce D inform his audience about the cultural, political, and economic characteristics of the places he visited

D

Which of the following most directly strengthened Sunni religious scholars' role as official interpreters of Islamic doctrine within the Ottoman Empire, as suggested by the passage? Responses A The establishment of the Mughal Empire in India B The Ottoman conquest of Constantinople C Ottoman sultans' extensive conquests in Europe D The Ottoman Empire's rivalry with the Safavid Empire

D

Which of the following most strongly contributed to the formation of new ethnic groups of the type mentioned in the passage in the Americas between circa 1500 and 1750 ? Responses A The expansion of Jesuit missionary activity B Political rivalries between European empires C Increasing trade links with Asia that were fostered by the global silver trade D The development of the Atlantic trading system

D