World History Chapter 5 Section 5

Charles II (oldest son of Charles I)

After Cromwell's death, parliament was sick of military rule so who did they vote into power

Glorious revolution

Bloodless overthrow of James II

imposed fees and fines to the english people causing his popularity to decrease year by year

Charles dissolved the Parliament in 1629 and refused to call it back into session. How did he get money and what was the result?

New Model Army

Created by Cromwell-defeated the cavaliers

Cromwell

During whose reign did this occur: -republican government established -what was left of parliament was disbanded -constitution was drafted (the first of its kind)

James II fled to France

Happened as a result of William leading an army/navy against James II

Leader of majority party

Heads the cabinet and is prime minister

James his Catholic brother-becomes James II

Heir to Charles II since he had no direct heir

Attempted to get the Presbyterian scots to accept Anglican prayer book-they rebelled and raised an army

How did Charles I anger the puritans and what did they do in response

William of Orange (prince of the Netherlands)

Husband of James II's daughter Mary

7 members of parliament

Invited William to overthrow James II in the name of Protestantism

Cabinet

Link between the monarch and parliament -acted in rulers name but represented major party in parliament

Bill of Rights

List of things rulers couldn't do passed by parliament that states: -no suspending parliaments laws -no taxes without parliaments okay -no interfering without freedom of speech in parliament -no penalty for petition of grievances

Restoration

Name given to the reign of Charles II

Whigs

Opposed James taking the throne after Charles II

Roundheads

Puritan supporters who opposed Charles I

Habeas corpus "to have body"

Said that prisoners had the right to obtain a writ or document ordering that the prisoner be brought before a judge to specify the charges against the prisoner

Tories

Supported James taking the throne after Charles II

-sinful activities were abolished (nothing besides church on Sundays) -religious tolerance for everyone besides Catholics (Jews could finally return)

Two social reforms done by Cromwell and the puritans

They were led by General Oliver Cromwell

What advantage did the puritans have

England began to colonize Ireland

What caused a rebellion in Ireland

Unsuccessful arrest of parliament leaders

What caused the London mobs

Went with the army to stop the uprising-seized lands and homes and gave them to soldiers

What did Cromwell do to stop the rebellion in Ireland

Tore it up to become a military leader

What did Cromwell do to the newly drafted constitution and why

Recognize parliament as a partner in government which made England a constitutional monarchy

What did William and Mary agree to at their coronation and what did it do

Held him as a prisoner (intention was not to get rid of him)

What did the new model army do to King Charles I

Tried for treason then executed ONLY KING TO BE EXECUTED

What ended Charles I reign

Charles I was forced to call parliament back into session because he needed money to fight the Presbyterian scots

What opened doors to opposition from parliament

Parliament during the restoration

When and who passed these: -judge decides tried or set free -monarch couldn't imprison for opposition -couldn't be held indefinitely without trial

Cromwell

Whose death caused the government to collapse and a new parliament to form

English Protestants were afraid of a line of catholic kings

Why and who did the fact that James II's second wife gave birth to a catholic son scare

Parliament protested that his Catholicism acts broke English laws

Why did James II dissolve parliament

To limit the Kings power

Why did parliament enact laws in the fall of 1641

set the precedent that the law was higher than the king (which contradicted theories of absolute monarchy)

although Charles I ignored the Petition of Rights after signing it, it still managed to..

Royalists or cavaliers

loyal to Charles I during the English Civil War

he was at war with France and Spain

main reason that Charles I always needed money from Parliament

Parliament's financial power

primary obstacle to English rulers becoming absolute monarchs

her cousin James Stuart aka King James I

since Elizabeth the first had no direct heir who became the ruler of England after her

dissolved Parliament

what did Charles I do multiple times as Parliament refused him funds

Scotland

what other country did King James I rule

new translation of the bible

what was the one Puritan reform that King James I agreed to

1. He would not imprison subjects without due cause and Parliament's consent 2. He would not levy taxes without Parliament's consent 3. He would not house soldiers in private homes 4. He would not impose martial law in peacetime

what were the four points that Charles I agreed to in the Petition of Rights

he signed the Petition of Rights

when Charles I was forced to call Parliament in 1628 they refused to give him any funds unless..

Puritan members of Parliament-the puritans wanted him to enact reforms to purify the English church of catholic practices but he would only agree to one

who did King James I offend and how

Charles I-his son

who took the throne after King James I