World History Exam

Which group made up the "Second Estate" under France's ancien régime?

the nobility

Russia was slow to industrialize and reform because

the powerful landowning nobles resisted any form of change.

Which factor enabled the central ideas of the Protestant Reformation to gain acceptance throughout northern Europe?

the printing press

When colonists later protested British policies in North America, they viewed themselves as "freeborn Englishmen" who were defending their traditional rights. Which of the following describes one of the "traditional rights" being referred to in the text?

the right to have representative assemblies and Parliament

The Scientific Method was based on the idea that

the truth could come only through investigation.

A key demand of the group that composed this document was ________."We are bowed down under a load of taxes; which, notwithstanding, fall greatly short of the wants of our rulers; our traders are trembling on the verge of bankruptcy; our workmen are starving; capital brings no profit, and labour no remuneration . . ."—The People's Charter (1837)

the use of the secret ballot

Analyze the geographic locations of the Italian city-states. What role did trade play in the Renaissance?

wealth from trade fueled the Renaissance

The message here was in support of ________."There is something that governments care for more than human life, and that is security and property, so it is through property that we shall strike the enemy." —Emmeline Pankhurst

women's suffrage

The "grito" (cry of liberty) mentioned in this statement was delivered by ________.

Father Miguel Hidalgo

Which list correctly completes this chart?

(A) failure, (B) failure, (C) failure

Identify the person responsible for bringing stability after the religious turmoil that resulted in the formation of the Anglican Church of England.

Queen Elizabeth

Which is the best example of a theocracy?

A government run by religious leaders.

Which answer best summarizes the main idea of the quotation? "How we live is so different from how we ought to live that he who studies what ought to be done rather than what is done will learn the way to his downfall rather than to his preservation."—Niccolò Machiavelli, The Prince

A successful ruler must be observant and practical, not idealistic.

This quote by a modern economist reflects the ideas of which of the following Enlightenment thinkers?

Adam Smith

Which statement best describes the concept of popular sovereignty?

All government power ultimately derives from the consent of the people being governed.

What valid conclusion that can be drawn from the data in the table? Gutenburg invented printing press statics.

An unprecedented spread of information helped the Reformation grow.

Why did Austria shift alliances in the mid-1700s?

Austria began to see Prussia as a greater threat than France.

The empire shown on this map might have grown even larger if it had not been for

British naval power

In which city on the map did journalist Louis Kossuth demand an independent government and lead a failed revolution in 1848?

Budapest

Which sentence best describes the scene depicted here?

Charles V is assuming rule over the Hapsburg empire.

Who said this about the Taínos who lived in the West Indies? "Artless and generous . . . to such a degree as no one would believe but him who had seen it. Of anything they have, if it be asked for, they never say no, but do rather invite the person to accept it, and show as much lovingness as though they would give their hearts . . ."

Christopher Columbus

Which Protestant teaching addresses the main idea of the passage? "86. Again, "Why does not the pope, whose wealth is today greater than the wealth of the richest Crassus, build this one basilica of St. Peter with his own money rather than with the money of poor believers?"—Martin Luther, 95 Theses

Churches should be simple and plain rather than ornate and grand.

Which statement is true about European conquests in the Americas?

Columbus's men assaulted Taíno men and women and claimed their land for Spain.

The painting depicts ships near Table Bay close to Cape Town in the 1600s; the ships most likely belong to the

Dutch.

Which person was directly involved in composing this text?"We hold these truths to be self evident: that all men and women are created equal." —"The Declaration of Sentiments" from the Seneca Falls Conference (1848)

Elizabeth Cady Stanton

On September 8, 1522, nearly three years after setting out, the survivors— one ship and 18 sailors—reached Spain. The survivors had been the first people to circumnavigate, or sail around, the world. Antonio Pigafetta, one of the few survivors of the expedition, observed: "I believe of a certainty that no one will ever again make such a voyage." Which statement is true about the voyage referenced in the text?

Ferdinand Magellan was killed in the Philippines when the fleet reached there in 1521.

The United States Capitol dome was inspired by the dome of the Pantheon, built in ancient Rome. Which Renaissance architect was also inspired by the Pantheon's dome?

Filippo Brunelleschi

How did France change under the National Assembly?

France became a republic.

"The people rushed against the place . . . They took all the arms, discharged the prisoners and such of the garrison as were not killed in the first moment of fury, carried the Governor and Lieutenant governor to the Greve, cut off their heads, and set them through the city in triumph to the Palais royal."The event Thomas Jefferson is describing in this passage was the immediate cause of the

French Revolution.

This dispatch reflects the United States' support of Mexico's resistance to ________.

French rule

Which statement is the reason that Giuseppe Garibaldi relinquished Naples and Sicily to Victor Emmanuel in 1861?

Garibaldi turned Naples and Sicily over to Emmanuel in a patriotic move.

Which choice correctly completes the chart?

German states remain divided

What event revolutionized the way people accessed and consumed ideas and information during the Renaissance?

Gutenberg invented a printing press with movable type.

How does Shakespeare's play, Julius Caesar, reflect central literary themes common throughout the Renaissance?

It explores universal human themes and portrays classical figures and subjects.

Which sentence below supports the conclusion that William II was a German nationalist?

He launched a campaign to expand the navy and the German empire overseas.

How did Philip II influence the art of Spain's golden age?

He provided financial support to artists.

In what way did George III impact the British government?

He tried to make Parliament bend to his will.

Analyze the map. Which region was the most religiously divided?

Holy Roman Empire

How does the quotation connect to the Renaissance principle of humanism? "Walk forwards in the radiance of the past."—Petrarch

Humanity progresses by building upon past knowledge.

Which thinker is credited with establishing the basic principles of physics, including natural laws that govern gravity and motion?

Isaac Newton

How does this engraving by the German artist Albrecht Dürer expand upon the work done by Italian Renaissance artists?

It blends anatomical realism with religious themes.

In what way does this passage and quotation describe a political effect of humanism? He [Erasmus] called for a translation of the Christian Bible into the vernacular. He scorned those who ". . . don't want the holy scriptures to be read in translation by the unlearned . . . as if the chief strength of the Christian religion lay in people's ignorance of it. . . ."

It is a demand that biblical teachings be made widely accessible to the public in an understandable form.

Why was the Battle of Saratoga a turning point in the American Revolution?

It persuaded other nations to ally themselves with the American colonists.

How does this image best show a result of the Columbian Exchange?

It shows horses brought to the Americas from Europe being adapted by Native Americans.

What is most likely the reason this engraving by Paul Revere of the Boston Massacre inflamed public opinion against the British?

It shows the colonists as unarmed victims of an attack.

In what way did the Congress of Vienna try to limit French ambition?

It surrounded France with strong countries.

Which statement describes the true nature of the government during France's Second Empire?

It was a thinly-veiled dictatorship.

Devastated by the two invasions, Korean rulers adopted a policy of isolation, excluding foreigners except the Chinese and a few Japanese. When European sailors were shipwrecked on Korean shores, they were imprisoned and held as spies. Which country carried out one of the invasions in Korea discussed in the text?

Japan

Which is the best example of a monarch supporting Enlightenment reform?

Joseph II abolishing serfdom in Austria

What prompted Martin Luther to take the actions described in the quotation? "I have cast the die. . . . I will not reconcile myself to them [the Roman Catholic Church] for all eternity. . . . Let them condemn and burn all that belongs to me; in return I will do as much for them. . . . Now I no longer fear, and I am publishing a book in the German tongue about Christian reform, directed against the pope, in language as violent as if I were addressing the Antichrist."—Martin Luther, 1520

Luther's rejection of papal authority and his refusal to recant

This chart lists a sequence of events that may not be in the correct order. Which event should be listed correctly as the first event in the sequence?

Magellan's ships entered a bay at the southern tip of South America.

_________ is a policy by which a nation sought to export more than it imported in order to build its supply of gold and silver.

Mercantilism

The painting depicts a scene from the rich __________ empire in India, which was established by Muslim leaders.

Mughal

What is significant about the event depicted here?

Napoleon is asserting he is the source of his own authority.

The speaker, who was seized from a Nigerian village at the age of 11 by slave traders, is

Olaudah Equiano.

The __________ empire, which began as a relatively small forest kingdom, arose from successive waves of settlement by the Yoruba people of present-day Nigeria.

Oyo

What common goal did the revolutions throughout the Austrian Empire have?

People demanded independent governments and written constitutions that defended basic rights.

Which statement is true in the context of European exploration in Asia?

Portugal seized the island of Goa, making it their major military and commercial base.

The portrait depicts ________, who sponsored the Portugal exploration.

Prince Henry

Which ruler was responsible for the failure of the Macartney mission described in this text?

Qianlong

Draw Conclusions Which of the following was a result of poor industrial working conditions in Russia?

Radicals gained supporters among the workers.

Which statement belongs in the final box?

Religious conflict spreads across Europe, bringing an era of change and upheaval.

How did the Directory's actions ultimately lead to the rise of Napoleon Bonaparte?

The Directory was weak and corrupt.

This chart lists a sequence of events that may not be in the correct order. Which event should be listed correctly as the last event in the sequence?

The Dutch built Cape Town.

What can be inferred about the slave trade in Africa?

The Europeans had more footholds on coastal Africa than the inland areas.

Read the statement by James I. How was this idea related to the Glorious Revolution?

The Glorious Revolution was a rejection of ideas like those expressed by James I.

Which statement is true about Portuguese exploration?

The Portuguese found a trade route through the Indian Ocean to Asia.

Summarize the main idea of the quotation. "The many great gardens of the world, of literature and poetry, of painting and music, of religion and architecture, all make the point as clear as possible: The soul cannot thrive in the absence of a garden. If you don't want paradise, you are not human; and if you are not human, you don't have a soul."—Thomas More

The arts, education, and spirituality make us human.

Why did the colony of New France grow slowly?

The harsh Canadian climate with long winters attracted few French peasants.

Which statement describes the result of this 1862 declaration to the Prussian legislature?

The legislature refused to approve funds for the military, prompting Bismarck to divert money approved for other purposes.

What problem was brought about by the emancipation of the serfs?

The serfs were too poor to buy the farms allotted to them.

"The only way to erect such a common power, as may be able to defend them from the invasion of foreigners . . . is to confer all their power and strength upon one man, or upon one assembly of men, that may reduce all their wills, by plurality of voices, unto one will . . ."This quote best reflects the philosophy of

Thomas Hobbes.

Which of the following British policies forced mass migrations from Ireland?

Treatment during the "Great Hunger," or Irish potato famine

This photograph shows a place which was also the departure point for _______________, a Portuguese navigator who set out for Asia in 1497.

Vasco da Gama

Which event can be inferred from the map?

Vasco da Gama made an expedition to the west coast of India.

Which nationalist organization was founded by this speaker to promote the ideology expressed here?

Young Italy

Which of the following was a chief characteristic of Britain's constitutional government in the 1700s?

a cabinet system

What radical new perspective did Copernicus' drawing of the universe reveal?

a heliocentric perspective

What characteristic of the Renaissance does the quotation reflect? "To [man] it is granted to have whatever he chooses, to be whatever he wills."—Pico della Mirandola, 1486

a spirit of adventure and curiosity

In 1772, Russia cooperated with Prussia and Austria to

partition Poland.

Which Renaissance artistic techniques are featured in this painting by Leonardo da Vinci?

perspective and realism

Which humanist ideals are most expressed in the sculpture David by Michelangelo?

emphasis on realistic anatomy and ancient Greek tradition

The industrialization of Germany between 1871 and 1914 was aided by ________.

ample iron and coal resources

These liberal protesters in Vienna support ________.

basic rights and more political power

Which idea differentiates the Protestant doctrines of Calvinism and Lutheranism?

belief in predestination

Which phrase best explains the scene depicted in this image?

decks of slave ships with African captives

"L'État, c'est moi." ("The state, it is me.")—Louis XIV This quote expresses a belief in

divine right.

This British monarch and wife of Prince Albert was known for both her long reign and her ________.

embodiment of traditional moral values

This image, depicting Italians leaving their homeland, shows that Italians responded to economic and social problems in the early 1900s by becoming ________.

emigrants

This man, Francis Joseph, inherited the Hapsburg throne at the age of 18 and ________.

faced nationalist revolts throughout his reign

This graph illustrates the efforts by Peter the Great to achieve what goal?

increase Russia's military might

Members of the legislature of France's Third Republic formed coalition governments because

no single party could get enough votes to control the government.

Which characteristics belong in the Protestantism portion of the diagram?

priests can marry, bible printed in the vernacular, no papal authority

This image illustrates a scene from a novel that satirizes

romantic notions of knighthood and chivalry.

Which group in France would have been most likely to support the Reign of Terror?

sans-coulottes

Which argument did Southerners in the United States use to justify slavery in the 1860s?

states' rights

The art of the Qing dynasty, even the painting of many of its finest eccentrics and the design of its best gardens, is similarly characterized both by lavish decoration and ornate effects as well as by superb technique and conservative taste. Which non-Chinese group contributed to establishing the dynasty discussed in this text?

the Manchus

So that the largest possible cargo might be carried, the captives were wedged belowdecks, chained to low-lying platforms stacked in tiers, with an average individual space allotment that was 6 feet long, 16 inches wide, and perhaps 3 feet high (183 cm by 41 cm by 91 cm). Unable to stand erect or turn over, many slaves died in this position. The text is most likely describing

the Middle Passage.

Europeans, by contrast, wrote enthusiastically about China. In 1590, a visitor described Chinese artisans "cleverly making devices out of gold, silver and other metals," and wrote with approval: "They daily publish huge multitudes of books." Which era of rule in China is referred to in this text?

the Ming dynasty

The speaker of this statement was referring to ________."We have achieved our independence at the expense of everything else." —Simón Bolívar

the failure to form a single Latin American nation