World War 1

The sinking of _____ is an example of a naval tactic.

the Lusitania

The Germans practiced _____ around GB

unrestricted submarine warfare

The assassination of _____ by _____ was the immediate cause of WW1. _____ was the mystic monk that was controlling Czar Nicholas II's wife

Archduke Franz Ferdinand, Princip, Rasputin

Alliance

Central Powers 1. Germany 2. Austria-Hungary 3. Italy Added: 1. Ottoman Empire Allied Powers 1. Great Britain 2. France 3. Russia Added: 1. United States 2. Italy

The German offensive plan for WW1 was called ______ and was designed to keep Germany ______ .

The Schlieffen Plan, from getting into a two front war

What were the four long term causes of WW1 and give an example of each from 1870-1900

The four long term causes of WWI were imperialism, militarism, nationalism, and alliances. Imperialism is the expansion of a country into other areas and before the war both Germany and Great Britain fought to annex foreign territory so they could expand their countries reach. Militarism is the expansion of the military in a country and example of this was Germany and Great Britain racing to build the biggest navy as they competed to be known to have the strongest navies. Nationalism is the idea of one's support of their country and an example of this can be seen in Austria-Hungary as it was a bunch of different groups that united and came together to create one group, the Austro-Hungarian Empire. Lastly alliances played a big role as long term causes of WWI, one of the many examples of this is the Dual Alliance in 1879 in which Germany and Austria-Hungary agreed to fight Russia if need be. This was one of five alliances formed over a 14 year period from 1873- 1887.

Compare and Contrast the fighting along the western and eastern fronts

The main countries fighting in the western front were France, Great Britain, Belgium, Germany, Italy and the United States while on the eastern front the main countries fighting were just Germany, Russia, and Austria-Hungary. The western front consisted of Trench Warfare as the main tactic of fighting while the eastern front followed more traditional styles of war. The western front had very little movement as Trench Warfare was slow and usually ended in a stalemate while on the eastern front there was a lot more movement as Russia moved in towards Germany. Both the eastern and western front ended in millions of deaths and consisted of similar uses for vehicles and weaponry.

Describe total war and the role governments played in its creation

Total war is when a country has not only soldiers helping the war effort but people back in the country too. During WWI many women were given jobs at industrial factories where they worked as munitionettes making munitions for the soldiers off at war. These factories at the time were made of up to 95 percent women as they filled in for the men during the war. The governments role in the creation of total war was growing the industrial industry and encouraging more people to work in these factories to help produce important goods for the military.

The _____ ended fighting between France, Great Britain, and Germany. The ____ ended fighting between Russia and Germany.

Treaty of Versailles, Treay of Brest-Litovsk

Identify 2 new tactics, 3 weapons, and 2 vehicles used in WW1

Two new tactics used in WWI were trench warfare and blockades. Trench warfare consisted of two sides, both of which dug out trench's in which they would sit in to defend their side. The area between was no mans land and was basically a death sentence to go into as constant machine gun fire was going across it along with artillery fire. Trench warfare was very slow and usually ended up with both sides in a stalemate. Another tactic was naval blockades. These occurred when one navy who controlled an area in the ocean would deploy mines in the water and station U-boats around the mines to keep the opposing navy from getting vital food and supplies into their country. Three new weapons in WWI were gases, machine guns, and gernades. Gases consisted of chlorine gas, phosgene gas, and mustard gas. These gases were effective at the beginning of the war but not deadly, the effectiveness disappeared though as gas masks were invented. Machine guns were also new weapons in the war. Machine guns shot anywhere from 25 to 600 rounds per minute while standard rifles only shot around 25 rounds per minute. Machine guns were also very useful when pushing an enemies trench and they would become know as trench sweepers as they could mow down enemies in a tight area very quickly. The two type of grenades used were Mills Bombs (used by the British) and Tomato Mashers (used by the Germans). The Mills Bomb was very round and resembled a baseball while the Potato Masher was like a stick with a cylinder like shape on top. Two new vehicles in WWI were tanks and aircraft fitted for fighting. Tanks were first used in WWI too and were a lot different from the tanks we know today. They were first used as moving cover for rifle man and to run over barb wire while advancing on enemy troops. Not until later in the war were they first equipped with weaponry, this weaponry was mainly machine guns. Planes were originally used for reconnaissance but were later outfitted with front mounted machine guns which shot throw the turning propeller with a timing mechanism. Planes would then be used for dogfights and bombings of civilian areas as well as industrial buildings to stop the total war effort.

Leaders of Countries

United States: Woodrow Wilson Russia: Nicholas II France: George Clemenceau Great Britain: David Loyd George Germany: Wilhelm II Italy: Vittorio Orlando Austria- Hungary: Franz Joesph USSR: Joesph Stalin

The US followed the policy of _____ although they were supplying the _____ alliance

neutrality, Triple Entente