WWI (section 4): costs of war & peace
How did countries suffer human cost?
Millions dead, millions wounded 1918 = Spanish influenza pandemic (spread by soldiers returning home)
When did WWI end?
November 11, 1918
What met as a result to all these costs?
Paris Peace Conference
What territories did Germany lose?
Alsace-Lorraine to France Colonies given to France and Britain
What were these terms?
B - blame R - reparations A - army T - territory
Communism
Bolshevism
How were countries politically costed?
Russia, Germany, Austria-Hungary = governments all collapsed Communism began spreading again
What were the main four COSTS of WWI?
1) financial 2) political 3) human 4) emotional
When did WWI start
1914
blame
Germany argued it wasn't just THEIR fault but were still forced to sign Hurt their pride
Unfair
Germany argued that the treaty was unfair as they were not allowed to be apart of any discussion but were just told to sign the treaty
Army
Germany argued that they were helpless against other countries At first they refused but then they began sinking their own fleets instead of handing it over
Territory
Germany claimed the treaty was simply an attempt to destroy their economy Germany was angry that they could not unite with austria
Reparations
Germany had to pay 269 billion gold marks for the damage of the war
Territory
Germany lost territory (land) in Europe)
Reparations
Germany thought Britain and France were trying to starve their people so they refused to pay but then started to after Britain and France started to invade
Army
Germany was forbidden to have submarines, an Air Force, could only have a navy of 6 battleships, an army of 100,000men, and were restricted placement of troops
How were countries financially costed?
Homes, factories,farms, roads, churches, schools from France to Russia were reduced to rubble Reconstruction would cost inconceivable amounts of money
What was the Paris Peace Conference?
Leaders of the "Big 4" nations met to draw up the surrender and end of war terms for all nations to follow
What league was Germany also forbidden from joining?
League of Nations
How did countries suffer emotional cost?
Terrible fighting across Europe changed the way people thought about the world and about life = much more depressing and hopeless
The terms discussed at the Paris Peace Conference ended up being apart of what treaty?
Treaty of Versailles
How did Germany respond to the Treaty of Versailles?
U - unfair B - blame R - reparations A - army T - territory
Who were the "big 4"?
USA France Britain Italy
Blame
War Guilt Clause - Germany had to accept the blame for the start of war
