WWII History Quiz
Who signed the unconditional surrender of Germany on May 7, 1945?
Admiral Karl Donitz
What battle, launched by Chiang Kai-Shek to distract the Japanese, resulted in the decimation of the Chinese Nationalist forces?
Battle of Shanghai
United States aid to Nationalist China originally went over the "___________ _______," until it was eventually cut off and supplies had to be ferried in by air from India.
Burma Road
Why did Father Coughlin's endorsement of Republican candidate Wendell Wilkie possibly damage Wilkie's chance?
Coughlin virtually endorsed Nazism. Coughlin spouted Anti-Semitic tirades.
The North African campaign was also known as the "______________ _______."
Desert War
After being pushed back across Belgium to the English Channel, the British Expeditionary Force had to be evacuated at the port of ___________.
Dunkirk
In 1940, the Italians planned an invasion of this British holding to gain control of the Suez Canal?
Egypt
Who announced the surrender to the Japanese people, marking the first time his people had heard his voice?
Emperor Hirohito
Which German was in command of all the defenses on the French coast before D-Day?
Erwin Rommel
Under the provisions of the Treaty of Versailles, which nation gained control of the Rhineland and the coal mines of the Saar Basin?
France
The leaders of which nations dominated the Paris Peace Conference in 1919? [choose all that apply]
France Great Britain Italy the United States
Who was named the Supreme Commander of Operation "Overlord" at the Tehran Conference?
General Dwight Eisenhower
As the Italians lost control of North Africa, who did Hitler send to command the Afrika Korps?
General Erwin Rommel
After the American defeat at Kasserine Pass, who was given command of the American troops in North Africa?
General George Patton
Hitler's definition of the "Aryan" race meant blond-haired, blue-eyed ______________, who were the master race.
Germans
Once America entered the war, Roosevelt and Churchill agreed that the Allies should pursue a "____________ first" strategy.
Germany
The scientists of which nation had made progress in the development of atomic weapons in the 1930s?
Germany
Which three (3) European nations used the Spanish Civil War to practice war methods and weapons of war?
Germany Russia (the Soviet Union) Italy
What were the results of the Allied threat to the Italian mainland? [choose all that apply]
Germany reinforced the Italian peninsula and forced Allied troops to fight to take it Mussolini was ousted from power. Italy switched alliances and joined the Allies. King Victor Emmanuel III appointed Pietro Badoglio to head a new government.
The Nazi "Secret State Police" used to uncover, intimidate and arrest political opponents were called the _________________________.
Gestapo
The Nazi "Secret State Police" used to uncover, intimidate and arrest political opponents were called the ___________________________.
Gestapo
After the Germans retreated from Rome, they fell back to a line of defensive positions known as the ____________________________.
Gothic Line
In 1939 and 1940, President Roosevelt committed to helping what nation with military supplies and weapons?
Great Britain
Which two (2) nations gained possession of the Middle Eastern possessions of the Ottoman Empire in the aftermath of World War I? [choose 2]
Great Britain France
The concept of the Japanese government as an imperialistic power was eventually given the title of the _________________________________.
Greater East Asian Co-Prosperity Sphere
The concept of the Japanese government as an imperialistic power was eventually given the title the
Greater East Asian Co-Prosperity Sphere
This island in the Solomon chain was the focus of a six month military campaign on land and sea beginning in August 1942:
Guadalcanal
This island in the Solomon chain was the focus of a six-month military campaign on land and sea beginning in August 1942.
Guadalcanal
In January 1944, the Allied advance was stopped just 100 miles short of Rome as they ran into a set of fortifications known as the
Gustav Line
In January 1944, the Allied advance was stopped just 100 miles short of Rome as they ran into a set of fortifications known as the _______________________________.
Gustav Line
In the election of 1944, who did President Roosevelt choose as his running mate?
Harry S. Truman
When Franklin Roosevelt died in April 1945, who became President of the United States?
Harry S. Truman
Why was Stalin so surprised by the German invasion of the Soviet Union?
He had trusted Hitler to respect the Molotov-Ribbentrop pact.
What were Hitler's reasons for declaring war on the United States on December 11, 1941? [choose all that apply]
He overestimated the strength and ability of the Japanese. He underestimated the strength and ability of the Americans. President Roosevelt had ordered American ships to fire on any German ship they found in the Atlantic. Hitler held a personal hatred for President Roosevelt because of American opposition to Nazism.
The Marine base on Guadalcanal that provided a launching point for the capture of the rest of the island was _________________________.
Henderson Field
Who was Roosevelt's Secretary of War, named in 1940, who built military readiness before American entry into combat?
Henry L Stimson
Which of the following is true about the Battle of Leyte Gulf? [choose all that apply]
It was the greatest naval battle in all of history. It was the first American experience with Japanese kamikaze attacks. It destroyed the Japanese navy to a point that it could no longer be a serious threat to American operations in the Pacific.
What was the first European nation to implement fascism?
Italy
What was the purpose of the Doolittle Raid?
Its purpose was to restore American military morale and lift the spirits of the American people.
What were the results of Japan's conquest of East Asia by 1939? (Choose all that apply)
Japan was stretched thin forcing them to halt expansion. it was a remarkable success.
The name of the 2 atomic bombs dropped on Japanese cities in 1945 were [choose two]
"Little Boy" "Fat Man"
Which incident led to the invasion of Manchuria by Japan?
"Mukden Incident"
Who was the fascist leader whose revolution took control of Italy?
Benito Mussolini
The three main targets in the Marianas Islands were: [choose three]
Guam Saipan Tinian
In addition to Pearl Harbor, the December 7, 1941 attack targeted what other military installation in Hawaii?
Hickam Field
In one or two sentences, describe the event that Hitler used to justify seizing more power from Hindenburg.
Hitler used the Reichstag Fire, started by a Nazi pawn, to stir fear and anger by saying that it was the beginning of a Communist conspiracy to overthrow the government. He then told Hindenburg that the Weimar Constitution granted him directorial powers and suspended civil liberties.
Of all the forms of propaganda in the United States, which was the most important according to the lesson?
Hollywood movies
Which of the following were consequences of the Marianas campaign? [choose all that apply]
It caused political issues for the Japanese government. It placed the Japanese home islands within striking distance for American B29 bombers. It put the US within striking distance of the Philippines and the Dutch East Indies.
According to the Treaty of Versailles, what nation was allowed to keep the German colonies in China and the Pacific that it had captured during the war?
Japan
According to the Treaty of Versailles, what nation was allowed to keep the German colonies in China and the Pacific, it captured during the war?
Japan
On which date did D-Day for Operation "Overlord" take place?
June 6, 1944
World War II in Asia effectively began with the
Marco Polo Bridge Incident
What were the results of the Election of 1940?
Roosevelt won, but not in a landslide.
Which of the following is NOT a reason why Hitler believed Germany could easily conquer the Soviet Union?
The Russians didn't have any men left after Stalin's purges.
What was the Japanese government's reaction to the destruction brought by the first atomic bomb dropped on one of their cities?
They asked the Soviet Union to try to mediate peace with the United States.
Why did the Soviet advance halt in early 1945, although they were within 100 miles of Berlin?
They had pushed too far and needed to spend time subduing German garrisons on the Baltic.
How did the American leadership view military action in North Africa?
They saw it as a secondary effort that drew resources away from a planned European invasion.
Which of the following was the last Polish city to fall in 1939?
Warsaw
The democratic government that took over in Germany when Kaiser Wilhelm II abdicated was called the
Weimar Republic
The two largest military programs for women during World War II were the
Women Accepted for Volunteer Emergency Services Women's Army Corps
Mussolini's economic system was called "______________," a compromise between free market capitalism and socialism.
corporatism
The policy that America adopted between 1937 and 1940 was primarily one of _____________________.
isolationism
The siege of what Russian city saw the development of a new weapon and defense of the city by a "People's Army"?
Leningrad
Who was the leader of Vichy France?
Marshall Henri Pétain
What was one reason why the German reaction to the invasion at Normandy slower than it should have been?
Most of the German officers were away from their posts on D-Day.
In prison, Adolf Hitler wrote Mein Kampf, which means ______ ___________, that laid out his political philosophy, including his plan to take power and his hatred for the Jews.
My Struggle
The invasion site for Operation "Overlord" was the beaches of _________________.
Normandy
What was significant about Franklin Roosevelt and the Election of 1940?
Roosevelt chose to run for an unprecedented third term.
In 1940, the new Prime Minister of Great Britain who replaced Neville Chamberlain and sternly rejected negotiation with Nazi Germany was ___________________________.
Sir Winston Churchill
Why did the Germans not develop atomic weapons earlier than other nations?
Some of the important scientists were Jewish and had fled to the United States.
What were the challenges to the D-Day invasion that affected timing? [choose all that apply]
The invasion needed to take place at low tide. The invasion needed to take place during a full moon. The invasion needed to take place at dawn. The invasion needed to take place when the English Channel was calm.
German preparations for war needed to be carried out in secret. Why?
They violated several international treaties.
What Presbyterian minister established the "International Safety Zone" in an attempt to save Chinese citizens during the "Rape of Nanjing?"
W. Plumer Mills
The two largest military programs for women during World War II were the _________________________.
Women's Army Corps Women Accepted for Volunteer Emergency Services
The anti-Jewish program of the Nazis began with
a government-sponsored boycott of all Jewish professionals and all business owned by Jews
In his "fireside chat" that introduced his plan to help Great Britain combat the Nazis, President Roosevelt claimed that America must be a great ________________________.
arsenal of democracy
Once World War II began, why was North Africa important?
because of the Suez Canal
Which of the following was NOT a result of America shifting to a wartime economy?
government takeover of all heavy industry
Which of the following was NOT a way that the Nazi finance ministers paid for increased government spending?
increased trade agreements
What does the term lebensraum mean?
living room or room to expand
Overall, how many African-Americans served in the military in World War II?
one million
As the American military began to build up in 1940, who was responsible for the marked increase in wartime production?
private industry
After the fall of France, the nation was divided into two (2) zones; what were they? [choose 2]
the "occupied zone" Vichy France
This action between the Germans and Soviets was one of the greatest and bloodiest land battles of the entire war?
the Battle of Kursk
In August 1942, the Allies tested an amphibious assault on mainland Europe in _______________________.
the Dieppe Raid
In August 1942, the Allies tested an amphibious assault on mainland Europe in __________________________.
the Dieppe Raid
What event allowed Adolf Hitler to consolidate his power and eventually take control of the German government?
the Reichstag Fire
What event led the United States to freeze all Japanese assets and reduce the export of oil and gasoline to the island nation in 1941?
the annexation of French Indochina
What political condition in China provided Japan with the opportunity to expand their control of territory in mainland China?
the collapse of central government in China
One of the most important provisions of the Treaty of Versailles, more important than the division of territory, was the "_______ _________"clause, inserted at the insistence of Lloyd George and Clemenceau.
war guilt
The private army of revolutionaries and terrorists used by Mussolini was called the _____________________.
"Black Shirts"
The name of the 2 atomic bombs dropped on Japanese cities in 1945 were _________________. [choose two]
"Fat Man" "Little Boy"
To inspire the Russian people, Soviet leaders called for every comrade to defend ______________________.
"Holy Mother Russia"
Which of the following was NOT one of the code names for the beaches of the Normandy invasion?
"Iowa"
The September 15, 1935 laws that stripped the Jews of their citizenship, making them subjects were the ________________________.
"Nuremberg Laws"
At which of the following D-Day landing sites did the Allied troops almost meet with disaster?
"Omaha"
The Japanese convoys that brought reinforcements to the island of Guadalcanal were called
"the Tokyo Express"
The Japanese convoys that brought reinforcements to the island of Guadalcanal were called _________________________.
"the Tokyo Express"
Approximately how many Jews were victims of Germany's "Final Solution?"
6 million
Who was the labor organizer who was instrumental in getting President Roosevelt to issue Executive Order 8802 on June 25, 1941?
A. Philip Randolph
Who became Commander-in-Chief of the German Army in 1942?
Adolf Hitler
What famous scientist led others to express their concerns regarding German efforts to build atomic weapons?
Albert Einstein
Which famous scientist led others to express their concerns regarding German efforts to build atomic weapons?
Albert Einstein
What brought the end of the Great Depression?
American participation in World War II
Why were the Americans able to turn back the Japanese advance at the Battle of Coral Sea?
Americans were able to decode and read coded Japanese messages
The amphibious landing at __________ was an attempt to go around the Gustav Line and encircle the Germans.
Anzio
Operation "Market Garden" was a plan to take a bridge across the Rhine at
Arnhem
When Hitler's forces occupied this nation in March 1938, it completed the Anschluss.
Austria
African-American contributions in World War II helped lead, in time to the ___________ ____________ _________________.
Civil Rights Movement
What two (2) new countries were created when the Austro-Hungarian empire was broken up by the Treaty of Versailles? [choose 2]
Czechoslovakia Yugoslavia
In 1942, the British captured information on this German naval code that allowed them to intercept and decipher messages about U-boat operations.
Enigma
Wendell Wilkie's staunch isolationism put him in the same camp as which other well-known social and political figure?
Father Coughlin
Under the command of Claire Chennault, the _________________________ were a group of American pilots operating in China during World War II.
Flying Tigers
Which of the following was NOT one of the Allied holdings in the Pacific that were attacked as part of the operation that included Pearl Harbor?
French Indochina
Who was the British general who forced the Germans to retreat to Libya, marking a turning point in the war?
General Bernard Montgomery
Which American military commander liberated the Philippines, announcing "I have returned!"?
General Douglas MacArthur
The first Japanese city to be attacked by an atomic bomb was __________________________.
Hiroshima
What was the benefit of the African campaign to the later fighting in Europe? [choose all that apply]
It gave the American forces needed experience. It drained German resources.
What was the benefit of the African campaign for the later fighting in Europe? [choose all that apply]
It gave the American forces the needed experience. It drained German resources.
Which of the following was a result of the Allied capture of the Rhineland? [choose all that apply]
It made some German soldiers convinced that Germany had already lost the war. It was a blow to German morale.
What was important about the First Battle of El Alamein? [choose all that apply]
It prevented Rommel from attacking Egypt's major cities. The British victory ended a string of German wins under Rommel.
What was significant about the Battle of Midway? [choose all that apply]
It was a morale boost for the Americans. It ended the string of offensive victories for the Japanese. It severely damaged Japan's carrier fleet.
The notorious Nazi known as the "angel of death" because of his medical experiments in the concentration camps was ______________________________.
Josef Mengele
The November 9, 1938 pogrom against the Jews that resulted in tremendous destruction of Jewish assets was ___________________________.
Kristallnacht
What three [3] nations did Germany invade to clear a path toward France? [choose 3]
Luxembourg Belgium the Netherlands
The line of fortifications and defenses France constructed along its border with Germany was called the _____________________________.
Maginot Line
Which Chinese region was the first area targeted by conquest by the Japanese?
Manchuria
Which Chinese region was the first area targeted for conquest by the Japanese?
Manchuria
World War II in Asia effectively began with the _______________________.
Marco Polo Bridge Incident
In two or three sentences, identify some of the reasons American men rushed to join the military at the beginning of World War II.
Men enlisted for many different reasons including a sense of duty, a thirst for revenge, or a strong sense of patriotism. They also enlisted if they knew they would eventually get drafted to retain some control, or they enlisted for decent food and a paycheck.
Which of the following was one of the most powerful strongholds on the Gustav Line and also the site of a 6th century monastery with historical significance?
Monte Cassino
The second Japanese city to be attacked by an atomic bomb was _____________________.
Nagasaki
What Chinese city saw its population become victims to some of the worst atrocities of World War II?
Nanjing
In the early 1940s, American factories switched their production over to war production. Which of the following was a result of this switch to wartime production?
No new cars of any kind were built in the United States between 1942 and 1945.
After taking the island of Iwo Jima, Nimitz's next target was _________________, only 350 miles from the southernmost Japanese home island.
Okinawa
Which two American battleships were NOT salvageable after the Pearl Harbor attacks? [choose 2]
Oklahoma Arizona
In two or three sentences, describe the events of the March 9, 1945 bombing of Tokyo.
On March 9, 1945, a plethora of incendiary bombs was dropped on Tokyo; this caused mass destruction because the tightly spaced houses there were made of wood. The fires raged at temperatures of 1,800 degrees, and rivers of napalm created a firestorm in the city. Over 100,000 casualties were recorded from this event.
The massive campaign of deception and misinformation employed by the British and Americans to conceal the build up for the invasion of Normandy was called _________________.
Operation Fortitude
The massive campaign of deception and misinformation employed by the British and Americans to conceal the build-up for the invasion of Normandy was called _________________.
Operation Fortitude
The Nazi plan for a seaborne invasion of Great Britain was codenamed ______________________.
Operation Sealion
To carry out the "Final Solution," the Germans built six camps that used gas chambers. In which country were they all located?
Poland
The convoys that brought supplies from the Normandy coast to the front lines were known as the "________ _____________ ________________."
Red Ball Express
Once the first atomic bomb was successfully tested, what 3 options did the President have regarding its use to make Japan surrender? [choose 3]
Refuse to use the bomb and launch a traditional invasion of Japan. Use the bomb to attack Japanese cities. Detonate a bomb in a remote location to demonstrate its power.
What was the Allied reaction when they captured and liberated the labor and transit camps in Germany? [choose all that apply]
Residents of nearby towns were brought in to tour the facilities. They shot German guards or camp personnel on sight. They gathered evidence of the conditions and practices documenting what the Nazis had done. Residents of nearby towns were forced to work burial details in the camps.
The Nazi Party's paramilitary force were called the ____________________________.
SA (storm troopers)
The personal bodyguard created by Hitler that became the primary force of intimidation of the German people were the
SS
The personal bodyguard created by Hitler that became the primary force of intimidation of the German people were the _____________________.
SS
Why were individual German victories in the Soviet Union not successful in reversing the tide of the Soviet advance? [choose all that apply]
Soviet industry was producing more weapons and vehicles than the Germans. The German military were short on supplies. The Soviets could replace losses more easily than the Germans.
The most dramatic shifts in government in the 1930s took place in _____________________. [choose all that apply]
Spain Italy Germany
When the German's failed to win the battle for this city, all hope of conquering the Soviet Union disappeared.
Stalingrad
The final stage of Jewish oppression before their forced removal for exploitation and extermination came in September 1941, when the Jews were ordered to wear a yellow "_______ ____ ____________" on their clothing at all times.
Star of David
In one or two sentences, explain why the Battle of Coral Sea is considered a victory for the United States.
Strategically, the United States won the battle because General Inouye abandoned the invasion of Port Moresby, and two Japanese carriers were not available for attack until after they had been repaired.
What area of Czechoslovakia did Hitler annex in 1938 because of the high number of ethnic Germans living there?
Sudetenland
The efforts to take these objectives in the Gilbert Islands shocked the American public because of the high death toll? [choose all that apply]
Tarawa Mankin
The meeting to discuss the plans for Operation "Overlord" were held in
Tehran
The meeting to discuss the plans for Operation "Overlord" were held in ____________________.
Tehran
In two or three sentences, explain why the Italian campaign can be seen as a failure.
The Italian campaign could be considered a failure because the only fruit of it was a symbolic surrender. Germans still controlled the peninsula after the campaign, and many resources were wasted, along with high numbers of casualties inflicted in the painfully slow invasion.
What were the Japanese goals for the attack at Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941? [choose all that apply]
The Japanese wanted to reduce America's ability to project naval power. The Japanese wanted to bring America into open war.
In what ways could the Italian campaign be considered a failure? [choose all that apply]
The advance was so slow that the forces from Italy were no help in the advance toward Berlin. The Italian surrender meant that the Germans defended the territory. The slow advance allowed the Soviets to take European territory that laid the groundwork for the Cold War. The Allies wasted time and resources in taking strongly defended positions.
What were the challenges of planning Operation Overlord? What were the Allied plans for the invasion? What went wrong and why? What were the results of the initial invasion on D-Day? (150-200 words)
The challenges faced during the planning of Operation Overlord were the fortified coastal defenses and the need for supplies to be brought to the beaches. The timing of the invasion was also crucial, it had to be at low tide, on a full moon, during calm weather, and take place at dawn. The Allied plans were to stockpile resources and invade on June 6 of 1944; they also sent Airborne Divisions to arrive ahead of time and take out the heavy German artillery so that it could not be used against the Allies. The landings at Gold, Sword, Juno, and Utah went relatively smoothly, but Omaha almost ended disastrously. Many of the ships on that beach were sunk or destroyed before even arriving, and then the amphibious tanks were unsuitable as well. After hours on the defense from heavy fire, it looked like Omaha was a failure, but in the end, the troops were able to move inland, and the invasion was a success. The results of the initial invasion were that the Atlantic Wall had been breached, and the Allies now had a foothold in France; this would be the beginning of the end for the Axis powers.
Saipan, Tinian, and Guam's conquest and the lopsided American victory at the Battle of the Philippine Sea had several important effects on American strategy for the war and the political and military situation back in Japan. In two or three sentences, describe what they were.
The effects of the American victory in this war were that the US was now within striking distance of the Phillippines and the Dutch East Indies. America could also launch Superfortress bombers from these locations to rain destruction on Japan. The consequences to the Japanese were that the government lost all credibility, the Prime Minister was forced to resign, and a general took his place.
In two or three sentences, describe what became known as the "Miracle at Dunkirk."
The event known as the Miracle at Dunkirk occurred when the German army did not capture the coastal port at Dunkirk, allowing General Gort to occupy it. He then led an evacuation of hundreds of thousands of troops by civilian ships to safety.
What was the Japanese goal for capturing Port Moresby in New Guinea?
The goal was to isolate Australia.
In two or three sentences, identify the ways the government encouraged large corporations to participate in war production.
The government offered incentives during this time for cooperation; these included federal subsidies, tax breaks, low-interest loans, and the promise of government-financed facilities. The best incentive of all was the cost-plus formula, which paid for all productions costs plus a fixed fee.
In one or two sentences, explain the most important effect of the Russo-Finish War.
The most important effect of this war was the lessons that many world leaders learned from it. They saw how poorly the Soviet army had done, and Hitler saw this sign of ineptness as an opportunity for conquest.
Which of the following were reasons why Americans did not become involved in the conflicts in Europe and Asia in the late 1930s? [choose all that apply]
The people of the United States were having a difficult time dealing with the Great Depression. Some Americans felt that they had been tricked into taking part in the Great War and did not want it to happen again. Some Americans admired Hitler and his policies that had brought Germany out of its economic downturn.
Which of the following was a result of Executive Order 8802? [choose all that apply]
There was a mass migration from the rural South to Southern cities. There was a migration out of the South to parts of the country where defense industries were located.
What was the reaction of the American people to the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor?
They almost unanimously supported war in the Pacific.
Why did the Americans agree to postpone "Operation Roundup" until 1944 and concentrate on invading Italy? [choose all that apply]
They believed an Italian campaign would be quick and easy. They believed an invasion of Italy would provide them with a way to reach Germany more quickly.
Why were the Americans ready for the Japanese attack on Midway Island?
They had been able to break the Japanese secret code.
What was the primary lesson the world "learned" from the Russo-Finnish war?
They learned about the poor state of the Soviet military and its commanders.
When German officers realized they needed to reinforce their troops at Normandy, why was there a delay?
They needed Hitler's permission, and since he was asleep, they waited until he woke up.
What did the government of Germany do to help pay their war debts and grow their economy in the 1920s?
They printed more money causing hyperinflation.
At the Battle of Okinawa, what two large American ships were damaged by kamikaze attacks? [choose 2]
USS Enterprise USS Missouri
Doolittle's Raid was launched from the aircraft carrier _____________________.
USS Hornet
The documents formalizing the unconditional surrender of Japan were signed on the deck of the
USS Missouri
The documents formalizing the unconditional surrender of Japan were signed on the deck of the __________________________.
USS Missouri
The failure of the Dieppe Raid convinced Roosevelt that the first attempt at Allied invasion of German territory should take place in ________________________.
Vichy North Africa
The government agency created by Franklin Delano Roosevelt to aid Jews in response to concentration camps was called the __________.
War Refugee Board
The uprising in this Polish city was the largest revolt against Nazi occupation of the entire war:
Warsaw
The democratic government that took over in Germany when Kaiser Wilhelm II abdicated was called the __________________________.
Weimar Republic
Which of the following is NOT a method used by the government to finance the war effort in World War II?
a national sales tax
After the Reichstag fire, the representatives passed the Enabling Act, which _____________________________________________.
allowed Hitler to govern by decree as he saw fit
After Hitler's invasion of Poland, President Roosevelt was able to [choose all that apply]
approve a policy of "cash and carry" for military purchases get Congress to repeal the Neutrality Acts
In the beginning, the German people saw Hitler _______________________.
as a benevolent father figure doing what he could to improve the lives of his people
What authority was given to the OPA (Office of Price Administration) by Congress during World War II? [choose all that apply]
authority to establish price ceilings authority to freeze wages authority to freeze farm commodity prices
The "Lend-Lease" program allowed the British to _______________ weapons and other military supplies from the United States.
borrow
During World War II, most production contracts were awarded on a "_____________-___________" formula, meaning that the company was reimbursed for production costs in addition to receiving a fixed fee.
cost plus
The word kamikaze means "__________ ________."
divine wind
The Tanggu Truce __________________________________. [choose all that apply]
established a demilitarized zone between the Japanese and Chinese controlled areas of mainland China allowed the Japanese to remain in control of all captured Chinese territory north of the Great Wall
What were the "Auschwitz Protocols"?
eyewitness accounts of what was happening in the concentration camps
Which of the following was NOT one of the conditions faced by American Marines on Guadalcanal?
firebombing
Which of the following are reasons why men enlisted in the military after the attack on Pearl Harbor? [choose all that apply]
from a sense of patriotism to escape poverty to get revenge on the Japanese from a sense of duty
On December 7, 1941, how did most people learn of the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor?
from radio
What necessity was rationed according to the occupation of the individual in relation to the war effort?
gasoline
After Hitler's invasion of Poland, President Roosevelt was able to [choose all that apply]
get Congress to repeal the Neutrality Acts approve a policy of "cash and carry" for military purchases
Which of the following was NOT a result of American shifting to a wartime economy?
government takeover of all heavy industry
What two decisions did Stalin make that were crucial to Soviet survival? [choose 2]
he transferred industry to the east he reorganized the Russian military command system
During World War II, how was government spending financed? [choose all that apply]
higher taxes higher government debt
One way in which anti-Semitism manifested itself in America in the 1930s was through ___________________.
immigration policy
Admiral Chester Nimitz wanted the Navy and Marines to conduct an "____________ ___________" campaign across the Pacific toward Japan.
island hopping
Which of the following is NOT true of the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact?
it was a completely public agreement
What topographical conditions made invasion of Iwo Jima more difficult than other islands?
it was a volcanic island
What was different about the act passed by Congress on September 14, 1940?
it was the first-ever peacetime draft in United States history
Fascists wanted to use an idea of radical _________________ to unite all citizens in support of a unified, single-party state.
nationalism
Fascists wanted to use the idea of radical _________________ to unite all citizens in support of a unified, single-party state.
nationalism
In early 1942, President Roosevelt issued Executive Order 9066 which __________________________.
ordered the relocation and internment of all people of Japanese ancestry who lived in the United States
Which of the following were developments in military technology meant to overcome the logistical challenges of the Normandy invasion? [choose all that apply]
portable artificial harbors systems to allow tanks to swim in high water amphibious personnel carriers
What technological development provided Britain's RAF with an advantage in the Battle of Britain?
radar
In order to keep prices low and to be sure that Americans received needed items, the government instituted _______________ systems to control access to all kinds of goods.
rationing
What conditions created fears of inflation during World War II? [choose all that apply]
rising wages scarcity of goods
What was the name of the failed attempt by Hitler and members of the Nazi party to take over the German government in 1923?
the "Beer Hall Putsch"
The project created to develop and build atomic weapons was code-named.
the "Manhattan Project"
After consolidating political power, Adolf Hitler addressed the challenge the SA presented by murdering their leaders on ______________________________.
the "Night of the Long Knives"
The German group that became an extension of Nazi Party in America was called the
the German American Bund
What was the driving force behind the Battle of the Atlantic?
the German U-boat
What was the result of the Battle of Bloody Ridge?
the Japanese suffered over 50% casualties
Which act, passed in 1940, was the first-ever peacetime military draft in American history?
the Selective Training and Service Act
What army was the first to liberate a major death camp in Poland?
the Soviets
Which Allied army fought for and won the final battle for Berlin?
the Soviets
Which of the following was the organization that was able to reorganize the national economy to focus on production for the war effort?
the War Production Board
In what ways could the Italian campaign be considered a success? [choose all that apply]
the invasion effectively knocked Italy out of the war it gave the Allies experience in amphibious warfare it provided the Allies experience with German troops and their abilities to defend positions and carry out bold maneuvers
What two issues overshadowed the Election of 1940? [Choose all that apply]
the legacy of the New Deal the war in Europe
Other than the Jews, what other groups were the target of Nazi extermination attempts? [choose all that apply]
the mentally ill Christians Roma political prisoners
Germans called the nine months between the declarations of war by Britain and France and the beginning of open fighting
the sitzkrieg
Why did the Americans agree to postpone "Operation Roundup" until 1944 and concentrate on invading Italy? [choose all that apply]
they believed an Italian campaign would be quick and easy the believed an invasion of Italy would provide them with a way to reach Germany more quickly
Which of the following is true about fascist governments in the 1930s? [choose all that apply]
they claimed to be friendly to private property rights they claimed to be concerned with the welfare of the middle class
Why was it difficult for the Marines to dislodge the Japanese from the island of Iwo Jima?
they had taken refuge in fortified caves on the island
What was the Soviet response to the Warsaw Uprising?
they watched what was happening and did nothing
What was the purpose of the Office of Censorship?
to control the American press
What were the goals of the Wannsee Conference? [choose all that apply]
to develop a systematic approach to resolving the "Jewish Question" to settle a dispute regarding using the Jews as slave labor or extermination
What was the task of the Einsatzgruppen and "Reserve Police Battalions"?
to round up Jews and execute them instead of taking them to the ghettoes
Hitler's "economic miracle" was that he eliminated _____________________ in three years.
unemployment
Allied air attacks forced German U-boats to operate in groups called
wolfpacks
Allied air attacks forced German U-boats to operate in groups called ________________________.
wolfpacks
