Zoology- Animal Diversity - Chapter 6 Sponges Phylum Porifera, Exam 2
trace the flow of water through a syconoid sponge, starting at the top of the list with the incurrent canals Spongocoel Prosopyles Apopyles Osculum Radial Canals Incurrent Canals
1. Incurrent Canals 2. Prosopyles 3. Radial Canals 4. Apopyles 5. Spongocoel 6. Osculum
match the sponge body type with its correct description 1. asconoid 2. syconoid 3. leuconoid a. masses with numerous osculatory and flagellated chambers filled from incurrent canals and discharge into excurrent canals b. choanocytes line a large, central spongocoel with a single large osculum c. inner choanoderm if folded into canals that lead to a spongocoel with a single osculum
1. asconoid b. choanocytes line a large, central spongocoel with a single large osculum 2. syconoid c. inner choanoderm if folded into canals that lead to a spongocoel with a single osculum 3. leuconoid a. masses with numerous osculatory and flagellated chambers filled from incurrent canals and discharge into excurrent canals
match each sponge class to its correct description 1. calcarea 2. demospongiae 3. hexactinellida 4. homoscleromorpha a. six-rayed siliceous spicules b. skeleton of siliceous spicules or spongin or both c. calcareous spicules d. simple or no spicules; previous subgroup of demospongiae
1. calcarea c. calcareous spicules 2. demospongiae b. skeleton of siliceous spicules or spongin or both 3. hexactinellida a. six-rayed siliceous spicules 4. homoscleromorpha d. simple or no spicules; previous subgroup of demospongiae
match each of the following type of sexual reproduction in sponges to the correct definition 1. gemmules 2. buds 3. fragmentation a. buds on the external surface of the sponge that can break off or remain attached and form new sponges b. small pieces of the sponge break off to form new sponges c. dormant buds that form internally and can develop into new sponges when favorable conditions return
1. gemmules c. dormant buds that form internally and can develop into new sponges when favorable conditions return 2. buds a. buds on the external surface of the sponge that can break off or remain attached and form new sponges 3. fragmentation b. small pieces of the sponge break off to form new sponges
match the sponge cell type with its correct function 1. pinacocyte 2. collencyte 3. choanocytes a. secretion of collagen b. create a water current c. provide outer covering
1. pinacocyte c. provide outer covering 2. collencyte a. secretion of collagen 3. choanocytes b. create a water current
match each archaeocyte cell type with its correct function 1. sclerocyte 2. spongocyte 3. collencyte a. secretes spongin b. secretes spicules c. secretes collagen
1. sclerocyte b. secretes spicules 2. spongocyte a. secretes spongin 2. collencyte c. secretes collagen
sessile marine animals that have no organs and rely on moving water through pores to filter feed belong to the Phylum ____________.
Porifera
select all of the following that describe archaeocytes a. differentiate into more specialized cells b. phagocytes c. form the external covering d. ameboid cells
a. differentiate into more specialized cells b. phagocytes d. ameboid cells
select all of the following that describes pinacocytes a. form the outer layer of cells of a sponge b. can be contractile c. can help to regulate the surface area of the sponge d. beating of their flagella pulls water through their sievelike collars e. secrete spicules
a. form the outer layer of cells of a sponge b. can be contractile c. can help to regulate the surface area of the sponge
select all of the following that are methods of asexual reproduction in sponges. a. fragmentation b. gemmules c. external buds d. binary fission
a. fragmentation b. gemmules c. external buds
what dormant masses of encapsulated archaeocytes allow sponges to survive unfavorable conditions? a. gemmules b. oscula c. pinacocytes d. parenchymula
a. gemmules
select all of the following that are methods of asexual reproduction in sponges a. gemmules b. external buds c. binary fission d.fragmentation
a. gemmules b. external buds d.fragmentation
what type of sponge has incurrent canals, flagellated chambers, excurrent canals, but NO spongocoel? a. leuconoid b. asconoid c. syconoid
a. leuconoid
select all of the following that describe members of the class demospongiae a. leuconoid canal system b. marine and freshwater forms c. all species small and tubular d. siliceous spicules e. trabecular reticulum
a. leuconoid canal system b. marine and freshwater forms d. siliceous spicules
a group used by scientists to refer to all animals is a. metazoan b. opisthokont c. porifera d. protozoan
a. metazoan
surface area can be regulated by the sponge through contraction of modified pinacocyte cells called a. myocytes b. sclerocytes c. lophocytes d. spongocytes
a. myocytes
select all the following that describe leuconoid sponges a. numerous oscula b. least common sponge body type c. large spongocoel d. least complex sponge type e. incurrent and excurrent canals f. most common sponge type
a. numerous oscula e. incurrent and excurrent canals f. most common sponge type
pores for incoming water in sponges are called a. ostia b. spongocytes c. choanocytes d. oscula
a. ostia
select all of the species found in class calcarea a. sycon b. spongilla c. myenia d. leucosolenia e. clathrina
a. sycon d. leucosolenia e. clathrina
select all of the following that are consumed by sponged from suspended water that is pumped through the sponge canals and cavities a. molluscs b. bacteria c. plankton d. detritus particles e. coral
b. bacteria c. plankton d. detritus particles
Select all of the following that describe choanocytes a. form the pinacoderm b. can trap and phagocytize for particles c. flagellated collar cells d. maintain a current of water through the canals of the sponge e. secret spicules and the collagen that forms spongin
b. can trap and phagocytize for particles c. flagellated collar cells d. maintain a current of water through the canals of the sponge
mesohyl in sponges can be described as a. the substance within the spicules which helps to provide rigidity b. loosely arranged cells and skeletal elements in a gelatinous matrix c. the cells of the sponge responsible for producing dermal ostia
b. loosely arranged cells and skeletal elements in a gelatinous matrix
in most sponges, both male and female gametes are contained within the same individual, which is said to be a. asexual b. monoecious c. dioecious
b. monoecious
select all of the following that describe members of the class calcarea a. marine and freshwater forms b. tend to be larger in size than other groups c. all canal types represented d. spicules of calcium carbonate
c. all canal types represented d. spicules of calcium carbonate
select all of the following that are classes of sponges a. ctenophora b. hydrozoa c. hexactinellida d. calcaerea e. hemoscleromorpha f. demospongiae
c. hexactinellida d. calcaerea e. hemoscleromorpha f. demospongiae
in sponges, the pinacoderm a. is an opening that acts as an incurrent siphon b. is a large cavity lined with choanocytes c. is a layer covering the exterior of the sponge d. is the opening at the tip of the sponge where sperm and egg cells are released during reproduction
c. is a layer covering the exterior of the sponge
_________ is another name for collar cells in sponges.
choanocytes
fibers of the structural protein __________ are found throughout the extracellular matrix of sponges.
collagen
a small, tube shaped sponge with a single osculum, and the simplest organization is a(n) a. dermal sponge b. scyonoid sponge c. leuconoid sponge d. asconoid sponge
d. asconoid sponge
Digestion in sponges takes place within individual cells rather than in a cavity. this type of digestion is referred to as a. gastrovascular digestion b. filter feeding c. extracellular digestion d. intracellular digestion
d. intracellular digestion
the term metazoan would be used to describe which type of organism? a. fungi b. plant c. protist d.animal
d.animal
six-rayed siliceous spicules are characteristic of the class ____________.
hexactinellida
the trabecular reticulum layer is characteristic of sponges in the class ___________.
hexactinellida
sponges that were moved out of the class demospongiae because of the discovery of a basement membrane belong to the class ____________.
homoscleromorpha
the _________ is the opening through which water is able to exit the sponge.
osculum
in sponge larvae called __________, the flagellated cells of larvae move into the interior and become choanocytes.
parenchymula
The sponge has a structural system composed of calcareous or siliceous _________.
spicules
the inner chamber of the sponge that is lined with choanocytes is called the ____________.
spongocoel