Zoology- Animal Diversity - Chapter 6 Sponges Phylum Porifera, Exam 2

trace the flow of water through a syconoid sponge, starting at the top of the list with the incurrent canals Spongocoel Prosopyles Apopyles Osculum Radial Canals Incurrent Canals

1. Incurrent Canals 2. Prosopyles 3. Radial Canals 4. Apopyles 5. Spongocoel 6. Osculum

match the sponge body type with its correct description 1. asconoid 2. syconoid 3. leuconoid a. masses with numerous osculatory and flagellated chambers filled from incurrent canals and discharge into excurrent canals b. choanocytes line a large, central spongocoel with a single large osculum c. inner choanoderm if folded into canals that lead to a spongocoel with a single osculum

1. asconoid b. choanocytes line a large, central spongocoel with a single large osculum 2. syconoid c. inner choanoderm if folded into canals that lead to a spongocoel with a single osculum 3. leuconoid a. masses with numerous osculatory and flagellated chambers filled from incurrent canals and discharge into excurrent canals

match each sponge class to its correct description 1. calcarea 2. demospongiae 3. hexactinellida 4. homoscleromorpha a. six-rayed siliceous spicules b. skeleton of siliceous spicules or spongin or both c. calcareous spicules d. simple or no spicules; previous subgroup of demospongiae

1. calcarea c. calcareous spicules 2. demospongiae b. skeleton of siliceous spicules or spongin or both 3. hexactinellida a. six-rayed siliceous spicules 4. homoscleromorpha d. simple or no spicules; previous subgroup of demospongiae

match each of the following type of sexual reproduction in sponges to the correct definition 1. gemmules 2. buds 3. fragmentation a. buds on the external surface of the sponge that can break off or remain attached and form new sponges b. small pieces of the sponge break off to form new sponges c. dormant buds that form internally and can develop into new sponges when favorable conditions return

1. gemmules c. dormant buds that form internally and can develop into new sponges when favorable conditions return 2. buds a. buds on the external surface of the sponge that can break off or remain attached and form new sponges 3. fragmentation b. small pieces of the sponge break off to form new sponges

match the sponge cell type with its correct function 1. pinacocyte 2. collencyte 3. choanocytes a. secretion of collagen b. create a water current c. provide outer covering

1. pinacocyte c. provide outer covering 2. collencyte a. secretion of collagen 3. choanocytes b. create a water current

match each archaeocyte cell type with its correct function 1. sclerocyte 2. spongocyte 3. collencyte a. secretes spongin b. secretes spicules c. secretes collagen

1. sclerocyte b. secretes spicules 2. spongocyte a. secretes spongin 2. collencyte c. secretes collagen

sessile marine animals that have no organs and rely on moving water through pores to filter feed belong to the Phylum ____________.

Porifera

select all of the following that describe archaeocytes a. differentiate into more specialized cells b. phagocytes c. form the external covering d. ameboid cells

a. differentiate into more specialized cells b. phagocytes d. ameboid cells

select all of the following that describes pinacocytes a. form the outer layer of cells of a sponge b. can be contractile c. can help to regulate the surface area of the sponge d. beating of their flagella pulls water through their sievelike collars e. secrete spicules

a. form the outer layer of cells of a sponge b. can be contractile c. can help to regulate the surface area of the sponge

select all of the following that are methods of asexual reproduction in sponges. a. fragmentation b. gemmules c. external buds d. binary fission

a. fragmentation b. gemmules c. external buds

what dormant masses of encapsulated archaeocytes allow sponges to survive unfavorable conditions? a. gemmules b. oscula c. pinacocytes d. parenchymula

a. gemmules

select all of the following that are methods of asexual reproduction in sponges a. gemmules b. external buds c. binary fission d.fragmentation

a. gemmules b. external buds d.fragmentation

what type of sponge has incurrent canals, flagellated chambers, excurrent canals, but NO spongocoel? a. leuconoid b. asconoid c. syconoid

a. leuconoid

select all of the following that describe members of the class demospongiae a. leuconoid canal system b. marine and freshwater forms c. all species small and tubular d. siliceous spicules e. trabecular reticulum

a. leuconoid canal system b. marine and freshwater forms d. siliceous spicules

a group used by scientists to refer to all animals is a. metazoan b. opisthokont c. porifera d. protozoan

a. metazoan

surface area can be regulated by the sponge through contraction of modified pinacocyte cells called a. myocytes b. sclerocytes c. lophocytes d. spongocytes

a. myocytes

select all the following that describe leuconoid sponges a. numerous oscula b. least common sponge body type c. large spongocoel d. least complex sponge type e. incurrent and excurrent canals f. most common sponge type

a. numerous oscula e. incurrent and excurrent canals f. most common sponge type

pores for incoming water in sponges are called a. ostia b. spongocytes c. choanocytes d. oscula

a. ostia

select all of the species found in class calcarea a. sycon b. spongilla c. myenia d. leucosolenia e. clathrina

a. sycon d. leucosolenia e. clathrina

select all of the following that are consumed by sponged from suspended water that is pumped through the sponge canals and cavities a. molluscs b. bacteria c. plankton d. detritus particles e. coral

b. bacteria c. plankton d. detritus particles

Select all of the following that describe choanocytes a. form the pinacoderm b. can trap and phagocytize for particles c. flagellated collar cells d. maintain a current of water through the canals of the sponge e. secret spicules and the collagen that forms spongin

b. can trap and phagocytize for particles c. flagellated collar cells d. maintain a current of water through the canals of the sponge

mesohyl in sponges can be described as a. the substance within the spicules which helps to provide rigidity b. loosely arranged cells and skeletal elements in a gelatinous matrix c. the cells of the sponge responsible for producing dermal ostia

b. loosely arranged cells and skeletal elements in a gelatinous matrix

in most sponges, both male and female gametes are contained within the same individual, which is said to be a. asexual b. monoecious c. dioecious

b. monoecious

select all of the following that describe members of the class calcarea a. marine and freshwater forms b. tend to be larger in size than other groups c. all canal types represented d. spicules of calcium carbonate

c. all canal types represented d. spicules of calcium carbonate

select all of the following that are classes of sponges a. ctenophora b. hydrozoa c. hexactinellida d. calcaerea e. hemoscleromorpha f. demospongiae

c. hexactinellida d. calcaerea e. hemoscleromorpha f. demospongiae

in sponges, the pinacoderm a. is an opening that acts as an incurrent siphon b. is a large cavity lined with choanocytes c. is a layer covering the exterior of the sponge d. is the opening at the tip of the sponge where sperm and egg cells are released during reproduction

c. is a layer covering the exterior of the sponge

_________ is another name for collar cells in sponges.

choanocytes

fibers of the structural protein __________ are found throughout the extracellular matrix of sponges.

collagen

a small, tube shaped sponge with a single osculum, and the simplest organization is a(n) a. dermal sponge b. scyonoid sponge c. leuconoid sponge d. asconoid sponge

d. asconoid sponge

Digestion in sponges takes place within individual cells rather than in a cavity. this type of digestion is referred to as a. gastrovascular digestion b. filter feeding c. extracellular digestion d. intracellular digestion

d. intracellular digestion

the term metazoan would be used to describe which type of organism? a. fungi b. plant c. protist d.animal

d.animal

six-rayed siliceous spicules are characteristic of the class ____________.

hexactinellida

the trabecular reticulum layer is characteristic of sponges in the class ___________.

hexactinellida

sponges that were moved out of the class demospongiae because of the discovery of a basement membrane belong to the class ____________.

homoscleromorpha

the _________ is the opening through which water is able to exit the sponge.

osculum

in sponge larvae called __________, the flagellated cells of larvae move into the interior and become choanocytes.

parenchymula

The sponge has a structural system composed of calcareous or siliceous _________.

spicules

the inner chamber of the sponge that is lined with choanocytes is called the ____________.

spongocoel