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The prime mover of arm abduction is the ________ muscle.

deltoid

Julie experienced a break in the shaft of her femur. What part of her bone was fractured?

diaphysis

Nerve impulses involve the flow of electrons, a type of energy known as ________ energy.

electrical

The movement of ions across plasma membranes is an example of ________.

electrical energy

The subatomic particles that are responsible for the chemical behavior of atoms are the ________.

electrons

A fracture in the ________ can impair the lengthwise growth of bones in a child.

epiphyseal plate

Which of these bones articulates with the acetabulum of the coxal bone?

femur

A frontal section divides the body into:

front and back portions

A smooth, sustained contraction, with no evidence of relaxation, is called ________.

fused or complete tetanus

Which carbohydrate is also known as blood sugar?

glucose

Which polysaccharide is formed of linked glucose molecules and stored in animal tissues?

glycogen

An incomplete bone break, known as a(n) ________ fracture, is commonly seen in children.

greenstick

The physician knew her patient was most likely a child before she walked into the examination room because the X-ray revealed a(n) ________.

greenstick fracture

The abdominopelvic cavity contains all of the following except the:

heart

The first step in bone healing involves the formation of a blood-filled swelling known as a(n) ________.

hematoma

The elbow is classified as a ________.

hinge joint

The nucleotide chains of DNA are held together by ________.

hydrogen bonds

Which of the following would be classified as an enzyme?

hydrolase

The abdominal region in which the urinary bladder is found is the:

hypogastric

Which of the following leads to an increase in the rate of a chemical reaction?

increased temperature

Define -itis

inflammation of

What type of chemical bond is pictured in Figure 2.3?

ionic bond

What type of bond results when electrons are completely transferred from one atom to another?

ionic bonds

What is the main function of the quadriceps group?

knee extension

One neuron and all the skeletal muscles it stimulates is known as a ________.

motor unit

According to the sliding filament theory, how does muscle contraction occur?

myosin heads form cross bridges and pull thin filaments, causing them to slide

Isotopes have different numbers of ________; thus they also have different ________.

neutrons; atomic masses

Letter E represents a nucleic acid building block known as a ________.

nucleotide

Which one of the following is composed mostly of the protein myosin?

thick filaments

Jason injured his hamstring muscle group during football practice. He will be unable to perform ________.

thigh extension and knee flexion

The lungs are located in the:

thoracic cavity

An organ is one organizational step higher than a(n):

tissue

Define -otomy

to cut into

Letter D represents the structure of a(n) ________.

triglyceride

Define Epi

upon

Which of the following is classified as an inorganic compound?

water

In order to break a disaccharide down into simple sugar units, ________.

water molecules must be added to each bond

Which of the following could create an open, or compound, fracture?

when the broken bone penetrates through the skin

What is the atomic number of the atom in Figure 2.2?

6

Blood pH falls in a narrow range between ________.

7.35 to 7.45

What creates the alternating light and dark bands that provides the striation pattern on skeletal muscle tissue?

A bands and I bands

Identify the nucleic acid.

DNA

What is the function of DNA?

DNA provides instructions for building every protein in the body

Group of muscles called

Erector spinae

The A band within a myofibril is indicated by ________.

Label A

The epimysium is represented by ________.

Label A

The I band within a skeletal muscle fiber is indicated by ________.

Label B

The endomysium that wraps individual muscle fibers is indicated by ________.

Label B

Which letter represents a globular protein in its quaternary structure?

Label B

The perimysium wraps a fascicle of muscle cells and is represented by ________.

Label C

Which letter represents a carbohydrate polymer?

Label C

The muscle fiber (cell) is indicated by ________.

Label D

Which of the following contains sodium?

NaCl

What is the unstoppable electrical current that travels down the length of the entire surface of a sarcolemma?

action potential

Which movement is opposite to abduction?

adduction

Articulations permitting only slight degrees of movement are ________, whereas articulations permitting no movement are called ________.

amphiarthroses; synarthroses

Systemic anatomy is a term that refers to:

anatomical investigation that uses an approach of studying the body by systems—groups of organs having a common function

Matter is best described as ________.

anything that occupies space and has mass

Bone growth in width that occurs due to weight lifting at age 40 is most likely ________.

appositional growth

What type of tissue covers the epiphysis of bones and reduces friction in the joints?

articular cartilage

Two or more bones meet at a location called a(n) ________.

articulation (joint)

Elements are composed of building blocks known as ________.

atoms

Define Hypo

below

Enzymes are ________.

biological catalysts

Which of the following is NOT a function of the muscular system?

blood cell formation

A chemist experiments on a molecule with the formula of C5H10O5. This compound is likely a(n) ________.

carbohydrate

Striated involuntary muscle tissue is classified as ________ muscle.

cardiac

Joint created by the intervertebral discs

cartilaginous joint

A bone fracture that results in the bone being broken into many fragments is a ________.

comminuted fracture

A fracture that is common in osteoporotic bones is a(n) ________.

compression fracture

Muscle tissue has the ability to shorten when adequately stimulated, a characteristic known as ________.

contractility

A plane through the body that divides the body into anterior and posterior portions is:

coronal

An atom with 13 electrons will have ________ electrons in the valence shell.

3

There are four stages in the healing of a bone fracture. Which of the following best illustrates the sequence of these stages? 1. bony callus formation 2. bone remodeling 3. fibrocartilage callus formation 4. hematoma formation

4, 3, 1, 2

What is released by axon terminals into the synaptic cleft to stimulate a muscle to contract?

acetylcholine

Define Hyper

above

Which of these vitamins is produced in skin upon exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation?

Vitamin D

What is acetylcholine?

a neurotransmitter that stimulates skeletal muscle to contract

Which of the following solutions is the weakest acid?

a solution with a pH of 6.4

Homeostasis can best be described as:

a state of relative constancy

The gallbladder lies in the:

abdominal cavity

While doing "jumping jacks" during an exercise class, your arms and legs move laterally away from the midline of your body. This motion is called ________.

abduction

The point of muscle attachment to an immovable or less movable bone is known as the ________.

origin

When growing bones widen through appositional growth, what kind of cells add bone matrix to the outside of the diaphysis?

osteoblasts

The most common element in the human body is ________.

oxygen

The contraction of the uterus during the birth of a baby is an example of:

positive feedback

The atomic number of an atom is equal to the number of ________ an atom contains.

protons

A sagittal section divides the body into:

right and left portions

A plane through the body that divides the body into right and left sides is called:

sagittal

The plasma membrane of a skeletal muscle cell is called the ________.

sarcolemma

What determines where bone matrix will be remodeled?

the pull of gravity and muscles on the skeleton and calcium ion levels in the blood

An atom with 6 protons, 7 neutrons, and 6 electrons shares four pairs of electrons with four other atoms. This atom is now considered to be ________.

stable

Hydrogen bonding between water molecules is responsible for ________.

surface tension

Define Peri-

surrounding

The gap between the axon terminal of a motor neuron and the sarcolemma of a skeletal muscle cell is called the ________.

synaptic cleft

Immovable joints are functionally classified as ________.

synarthroses

The type of joint shown in Figure 5.4 is ________.

synovial joint

Plane, hinge, and pivot joints are examples of ________.

synovial joints

An organ is one organizational step lower than a(n):

system

Shivering to try to raise your body temperature back to normal would be an example of:

the body trying to maintain homeostasis. a negative feedback mechanism. Both a and c