026 - Chapter 26 - Praxis 5039 (Chapter Test)

Sally wants to become more comfortable making speeches in front of large audiences, especially when it comes to expressing herself through the use of gestures. She tends to put her hands in her pockets when she is speaking. What is the best position for Sally to place her hands in during a speech?

At her sides; Explanation It is best for Sally to keep her hands at her sides, if possible.

David gave a speech in a public speaking class. The content of his speech was good, but he used words like 'um,' 'er' and 'duh' a lot while he was speaking. Which category would the teacher say that David needed to work on for his next speech?

Fluency; Explanation Fluency is the flow of speech. Using words like um, er and duh are fillers when there are unintentional pauses.

When a speaker gives a speech without prior planning or preparation, it is a(n):

Impromptu speech; Explanation The impromptu speech is a speech that has no advanced planning or practice.

hands on your hips

Indicates to the audience that you may be overbearing, like a parent or someone in authority, and may come across as condescending.

Why is it crucial for a speaker to make eye contact with members of the audience?

It tells the audience that the speaker is confident in the material. Explanation Speakers make eye contact with their audience for a couple of reasons. First, it tells the audience that he is honest. It creates a bond of trust. It also tells the audience that you are confident in the material. By maintaining eye contact, the audience will be more likely to remain engaged because they believe in you!

crossed arms

May indicate that you are withdrawn from the audience.

Hands in your pockets

May indicate to your audience that you are nervous.

cross your hands in front of your body

May indicate to your audience that you are weak and submissive.

Why would the audience have questions after a speech?

More information is needed. Something was difficult to understand. Someone disagrees with you.

facial expression

Most important and observed nonverbal communication;

_____ is the use of body movements to send a message.

Nonverbal communication; Explanation Nonverbal communication is the use of body movements to send a message.

Which of the following refers to speech rate?

Pace of the speech; Explanation Speech rate is the pace of your speech.

_____ refers to the high or low frequencies of a voice and can have an impact on how an audience perceives a speech.

Pitch; Explanation Pitch is all about psychology because the high and low of one's voice affects the way people perceive the content.

Sally handed out a survey after a recent speech. Several respondents indicated that her articulation was not very good. Evaluate the activities listed below and indicate the one most likely to help Sally overcome this problem.

Practice tongue twisters; Explanation Using tongue twisters as a tool to practice will help with how clearly you speak.

Thinking about questions that may be asked at the end of your speech is referred to as:

Predicting questions; Explanation The speaker is predicting questions that the audience may have.

If someone asks you to speak more slowly, what vocal quality do you need to adjust?

Rate; Explanation Your rate of speech is how fast or slow you speak.

Speech Rehearsal Process

Read your speech aloud Watch yourself on video or in a mirror Monitor things like tone, diction and body language Fix the mistakes Make notes of the most common and challenging mistakes Slip a few jokes in your back pocket, just in case Perform a dress rehearsal

James is worried that giving a memorized speech may be boring. What advice could you give him to make sure it isn't?

Relax, breathe, and write the speech in language that is familiar. Explanation There are a few ways to be sure you stay on track when giving a memorized speech which include writing the speech in language familiar to you, practicing your speech several times prior to the event. breathing between thoughts, and remaining relaxed.

What is diction?

Style of enunciation; Explanation The audience should understand you. This is where diction comes in. It is the style of enunciation you choose. Speak with a clear, sharp tongue. Speaking of that, also avoid tongue twisters.

What can go wrong in a manuscript speech?

The audience may become bored with your tone. Explanation The downside to a manuscript speech is that it can be boring. Without eye contact, animation or movement on stage, the audience may become disinterested.

How would an audience member know that a speaker was giving an extemporaneous speech?

The speaker uses a few notes to look at and talks in a conversational tone. Explanation An extemporaneous speech involves the speaker's use of notes and some embellishment to deliver a speech which is presented in a conversational tone.

Gestures and body language

These are our physical behavior and actions that send the audience a message.

Why would you predict questions that may be asked after your speech?

To be ready to provide compelling responses that further the purpose of your speech. Explanation This is an application of the video's main premises, that people will ask you questions, and you want to be ready to answer them for your audience's benefit.

What form of social media is useful prior to or during a question and answer session?

Twitter; Explanation Having a Twitter account set up so that the audience can send questions is a good idea. A colleague can field the questions and prepare answers for the speaker to use at the end of the speech.

Which is the BEST way to determine questions audience members may have?

Use a mock audience. Explanation Using a mock audience will help the speaker find holes where information in the speech is missing. These holes may mean the audience will question something. He can use this information to develop a set of answers or beef up his speech.

arched eyebrows

Usually indicates one is surprised or that you are questioning something. You might use this one when revealing a shocking statistic.

Which vocal quality can be adjusted in ways similar to a radio?

Volume; Explanation Our volume works just like the volume on a radio. We can increase the volume when needed or lower it when it is not necessary.

Due to her nervousness when speaking in front of an audience, Alicia tends to stand directly behind a podium. However, it is difficult to engage with her audience this way. What is the best way for Alicia to begin to move around the stage when speaking?

Walk in a slow pace from side-to-side since sudden moves will distract the audience. Explanation It's perfectly acceptable to move around the stage. In fact, it will keep your audience alert. Keep your movements steady and simple. Walk from side-to-side, but in a slow pace as not to get your audience dizzy. Sudden moves or jerks will only distract the audience. Consider the proximity of your microphone and always check for the wire location. Tripping into the first row never goes over well.

In a manuscript delivery, is it necessary to still go through the rehearsal steps?

Yes; even though you are reading from a script, you will need to listen for tone and speed, to name a few things. Explanation If you choose to read your speech right from the pages it was written on, you probably will do fine. However, that may bore your audience terribly. To make it interesting, you may want to be a bit more animated and conversational. For that, rehearsal is necessary.

Is memorization an acceptable form of speech preparation and delivery?

Yes; it's a matter of preference, and the same preparation is necessary. Explanation The video discusses all three approaches to speech writing and delivery, and does not favor one over the others but rather makes clear that the same steps of preparation are necessary for each.

What may go wrong with a memorized speech?

You may forget a line or two. Explanation Because you memorized the information, you may rush through it out of fear that you may forget one of your lines. If you forget your lines, you may fill in the blanks with information that may cause confusion for the audience.

extemporaneous speech

a carefully prepared and rehearsed speech that is presented from a brief set of notes; involves the speaker's use of notes and some embellishment to deliver a speech.

frown

a facial expression of dislike or displeasure

smile

a facial expression of happiness;

memorized speech

a speech composed word for word and then delivered from memory

impromptu speech

a speech delivered with little or no immediate preparation;

manuscript speech

a speech that is written out word for word and read to the audience;

Pitch

a tone's experienced highness or lowness; depends on frequency;

When can a presenter determine the best media for their audience?

after research on the audience has been completed; Explanation When attempting to deliver an effective presentation to an audience, choosing the best media is just as important as the topic itself. This can be done after a presenter has researched the audience.

nonverbal communication

communication using body movements, gestures, and facial expressions rather than speech;

eye contact

direct visual contact with the eyes of another person; A form of nonverbal communication that occurs when two people look at one another for a few seconds.

high pitch

high sound; A high pitch should be reserved for something more upbeat and exciting.

volume

how loud or soft your voice sounds.

vocal qualities

inflection patterns, rate of speech, fillers, and enunciation; Volume Rate Pitch Fluency Articulation Tone

visual learning

learning based around the beliefs, theories, and ideas that tie learning to an image or images;

low pitch

low sound; tells the audience you are speaking about something serious.

Which of the following is an example of a tool used to provide visual aids?

overhead projector; Explanation Examples of tools that can be used to provide visual aids include the following: PowerPoint presentation, smart board, and overhead projector.

slow rate

pace or rate of speech with little or no dispatch;

Intended Pauses

purposeful stops in a speech used to transition;

fast rate

quick pace or rate of speech;

fluency

smoothness of speech;

Which of the following is NOT a strategy for developing an effective presentation?

speaking loudly; Explanation Three strategies will help in developing an effective presentation. They include determining which media is most appropriate for the audience, tailoring the presentation to the audience, and using visual aids.

A speaker with arched eyebrows conveys to the audience that he or she is _____.

surprised; Explanation A speaker with raised eyebrows tells the audience that he or she is shocked for questioning something.

Which of the following is something that a presenter needs to look for when researching his or her audience?

the audience's prior knowledge of the subject matter; Explanation Finding out what the audience already knows about the topic is important when researching one's audience.

Articulation

the clear and precise pronunciation of words

tone

the mood for the speech;

rate

the speed at which a person speaks;

posture

the way a person holds and positions his body;

Extemporaneous delivery refers to _____.

using note cards but keeping the speech conversational; Explanation An extemporaneous delivery is conversational but involves using note cards to stay on point.

Learning based around beliefs, theories, and ideas that tie learning to an image or images is known as _____.

visual learning; Explanation Visual learning can be defined as learning based around the beliefs, theories, and ideas that tie learning to an image or images.

Verbal Fillers and vocal pauses

vocal sounds and words that impair fluency and make the speaker sound uncertain (Also known as padding) This harms credibility.