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76) ________ is NOT one of the levels of details suggested by Cockburn. A) White B) Kite C) Red D) Blue

78) Both the white and ________ levels provide a summary of the use case goals. A) Blue B) Black C) Kite D) Fish

79) Which role in the walkthrough normally has done all or some of the work presented? A) Coordinator B) User C) Presenter D) Standards bearer

82) ________ is the software reuse step that involves the design of a reusable piece of software, starting from existing software assets or from scratch. A) Storage B) Facilitated reuse C) Abstraction D) Designed reuse

83) A ________ lists what it takes to satisfy stakeholders if the use case is completed successfully. A) Precondition B) Minimal guarantee C) Success guarantee D) Trigger

83) Under eXtreme Programming, ________ and ________ are intimately related parts of the same process. A) Design; coding B) Planning; design C) Coding; testing D) Testing; implementation

87) An activity diagram cannot be used to ________. A) Depict the flow of control from activity to activity B) Help in identifying extensions in a use case C) Model work flow but not business processes D) Model the sequential and concurrent steps in a computation process

9) Which of the following is a new, faster, and more flexible technique for analysis gathering requirements? A) Observing users B) Procedures C) The planning game D) Users

12) ________ are NOT a component of data flow diagram symbols. A) Processes B) Data stores C) Data flows D) Data programs

2) Which of the following companies did Shell NOT outsource any of its operations to? A) EDS B) IBM C) Accenture D) Nokia

3) A ________ is an end product of an SDLC phase. A) System tester B) Requirement C) Modeler D) Deliverable

3) Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of good systems analyst? A) Impertinence B) Relax constraints C) Attention to detail D) Great at finances

41) Which term below means that money available today is worth more than the same amount tomorrow? A) Cost benefit B) Discount rate C) Variable costs D) Time value of money

41) ________ software solutions consist of a series of integrated modules. A) Quicken B) Cloud Computing C) Open Source D) Enterprise Resource Planning

46) Which of the following is NOT a consideration during the assessing technical feasibility stage? A) System size B) System complexity C) System target hardware D) System cost

53) Each organization has to decide its acceptable project mix of ________. A) Costs B) Personnel C) Requirements D) Risks

55) The following is NOT an example of a type of feasibility study. A) Operational feasibility B) Technical feasibility C) Economic feasibility D) Resource feasibility

55) When resources and staff are available and the system must be built from scratch, a company should consider ________. A) Outsourcing B) ERP systems C) Cloud computing D) In-house developers

66) Where are JAD sessions normally held? A) At the corporate office B) In the meeting room C) In an executive's office D) Offsite

73) Which of the following is NOT included in the feasibility assessment? A) Project costs B) Technical ies C) Project benefits D) System alternatives

75) ________ periodically evaluate(s) software and collect(s) user opinions, thus providing a range of opinions about possible software packages. A) Analysts B) IBM C) Vendors D) Independent software testing services

76) Who must review the baseline project plan before it moves to the next phase in the SDLC? A) The Customers B) The CEO C) The IS Manager D) The uses, managers, and development group

77) Under the five critical factors "Thrives in a culture where people feel comfortable and empowered by having many degrees of freedom" is related to which factor? A) Personnel B) Dynamism C) Size D) Culture

8) What is the term that describes the best estimate of a project's scope, benefits, cost, and resources? A) Management procedure B) Project charter C) Resource plan D) Baseline project plan

38) Which of the following is a function of an IT service firm? A) Run applications for customers B) Support an order entry system C) Rent licenses D) Provide open source software

9) Which of the following is NOT a major category of sources of software? A) Offshore B) Cloud computing vendors C) In-house developers D) Package software

1) Project identification and selection is also known as ________. A) A preproject step B) The Project ID C) The first step D) Project selection

12) Getting projects completed through the effective utilization of resources is a ________ activity of a project manager. A) Management B) Risk management C) Change management D) Team management

30) What makes all projects feasible? A) Unlimited resource and infinite time B) Limited scope C) A great budget D) A highly skilled project team

33) In which phase of the SDLC is the information system coded, tested, installed, and supported in the organization? A) Implementation B) Analysis C) Design D) Planning

34) Defining tasks in too much detail will make the management of the project ________. A) Unnecessarily complex B) Simple C) Extremely streamlined D) Constructive

35) The term ________ is used when a project is reviewed after each stage to determine its continuance. A) Incremental commitment B) Reevaluation C) Project continuance D) Project re-planning

4) If a systems analyst is questioning everything, they are showing the ________ characteristic. A) Impertinence B) Impartiality C) Relax constraints D) Attention to details

47) ________ need to be managed in order to be minimized. A) Risks B) ROIs C) Employees D) Estimates

48) A ________ diagram is a DFD that is generated from n nested decompositions from a level-0 diagram. A) Level-n B) Level-0 C) Level-1 D) Level-2

48) Which of the following is NOT a potential consequence of not managing risks? A) Unqualified project management B) Inaccurate duration times C) Failure to achieve appropriate system performance levels D) Inaccurate cost estimates.

5) ________ is the process of defining clear activities necessary to complete activities in a single project. A) Project planning B) Project initiation C) Baseline D) Business case

50) Which of the following is NOT a way to manage project risks? A) Changing the budget B) Changing the project plan C) Carefully assigning project team members D) Set up monitoring methods

51) Which of the following is NOT an example of what an analysis of documents can reveal about the future system? A) Completely accurate information B) Analysis of customer type C) Behavior of key customers D) Data rules

52) Which of the following is one of three key principles shared by the Agile Methodologies? A) A focus on self-adaptive processes B) A focus on roles C) A focus on predictive methodologies D) A focus on passive processes

53) What can analysis of work procedure documents reveal? A) When a procedure is missing B) When a procedure is correct C) A future enhancement for the system D) A most used procedure

54) When an organization has the resources and a system must be built from scratch, an organization should choose what type of software? A) In-house development B) Prepackaged software C) Off the shelf D) Open source

54) Which type of project should companies not have too many of? A) High risk B) High cost C) Huge staff D) Unknown technical environment

57) Why are forms important? A) Because they explain what data flows out of a system B) Because they are documentation C) Because every company uses them D) A form is not important.

58) Which of the following is NOT a factor in determining schedule feasibility? A) A 45-hour work week B) Government imposed deadline C) Business cycles D) Vacation

59) The concept of DFD ________ refers to whether you have included in your DFDs all of the components necessary for the system you are modeling. A) Completeness B) Accuracy C) Balancing D) Processing

63) When considering off-the-shelf software, which choice is one of the most important criteria to consider? A) Vendor support B) Cost C) Flexibility D) Response time

65) The concept of DFD ________ refers to whether or not the depiction of the system shown at one level of a nested set of DFDs is compatible with the depictions of the system shown at other levels. A) Consistency B) Completeness C) Balancing D) Accuracy

67) If you organize and run the JAD session, you are most likely the ________. A) Session leader B) Scribe C) Systems analyst D) Sponsor

68) A ________ is a diagram of process logic where the logic is reasonably complicated. A) Decision table B) Decision box C) Decision column D) Decision flow

68) Which of the following is NOT a function of vendor support? A) Assistance with choosing software B) Includes assistance to install the software C) Train user and systems staff on the software D) Provide help as problems arise after installation

75) The baseline project plan has all of the primary objectives except ________. A) Helps provide the budget B) Helps provide a clear idea of the scope C) Helps provide an understanding of the benefits D) Defines the duration of the project

75) The second activity in the ISP process is ________. A) Describe the target situation, trends, and constraints B) Describe the current situation C) Develop a transition strategy and plans D) Develop the logical design

76) Which of the following is a company that provides independent software testing subscription services? A) Auerbach Publishers B) IBM C) Google D) SAP

77) As seen from the clouds, as if flying in a plane at 35,000 feet, refers to which level according to Cockburn? A) White B) Kite C) Blue D) Fish

78) The overall process by which current methods are replaced with new methods is referred to as ________. A) Business process reengineering B) JAD C) CASE D) Systems analysis

80) Use cases written at the fish and ________ levels (sometimes called the clam level) are much more detailed and focus on sub-function goals. A) Black B) White C) Kite D) Sea

82) Which of the following is NOT a feature of eXtreme Programming? A) Long cycles B) Incremental planning approach C) Focus on automated tests written by programmers and customers to monitor the development process D) Reliance on an evolutionary approach to development

87) To construct the Gantt chart, a ________ is drawn for each activity that reflects its sequence and duration. A) Horizontal line B) Horizontal bar C) Vertical line D) Vertical bar

10) What of the following is NOT a purpose for a baseline project plan? A) Resources are more quantifiable B) Eliminate risks C) Decide if a project should be rejected D) A depository for information collected during initiation

10) Which of the following factors does NOT have any influence on the selection of a potential project? A) Duration B) The IS manager list C) Risk D) Complexity

19) What is the second major activity in the project identification and selection process? A) Identifying potential projects B) Classifying IS development projects C) Choosing a final project D) Identifying a project team

20) Which of the following is NOT an activity found in the project initiation phase? A) Establishing the project initiation team B) Establishing a relationship with the developer C) Establishing the project initiation plan D) Establishing management procedures

21) What is the first guideline in effective interviewing? A) Prepare a checklist B) Set an appointment C) Take notes D) Prepare questions

26) What is the next step taken after project initiation? A) Project bidding B) Project planning C) Project execution D) Project development

32) When choosing a weighted system to determine project viability, what should the organization keep in mind? A) All requirements should be weighted equally. B) Weights are subjective. C) The total points have to equal 100. D) Requirements and constraints have equal weights.

43) A data flow to a data store means ________. A) Join B) Update C) Process D) Fork

43) Which option identifies the point at which benefits equal costs? A) Net present value B) Break-even analysis C) Time value of money D) Present value

44) Which of the following is NOT an example of an economic cost-benefit analysis technique? A) Net present value B) Time value of money C) Return on investment D) Break-even analysis

51) Which of the following is NOT an example of a project risk assessment factor? A) Project duration time B) Customer's commitment to system C) Familiarity with other systems D) Organizational personnel changes resulting from system

56) Which feasibility is concerned with the project attaining its desired objectives? A) Technical feasibility B) Operational feasibility C) Schedule feasibility D) Legal feasibility

6) What is an example of a project assumption? A) Size B) Potential problems C) Scope D) Complexity

6) Why would an IS manager request an IS development project? A) To help meet the organization's goals B) To move to a new operating environment C) To provide a new service to customers D) To gain needed information

65) What is the primary purpose of JAD? A) To diagram forms and report generation B) To gather systems requirements simultaneously C) To create a prototype D) To assist with business process reengineering

70) The ________ outlines possible alternative solutions. A) Design strategies B) System description C) Project scope D) Introduction

71) Which of the following is NOT an example of a system description? A) Web-based online system B) Management issues C) LAN with decentralized databases D) Mainframe with central databases

72) Which tool enables you to quickly take basic requirements and create a limited working system? A) CASE tools B) Prototyping C) User manual D) JAD

78) Which of the following is NOT a role in a walk-through meeting? A) Secretary B) Treasurer C) User D) Presenter

83) What is the first step in the BPR effort? A) Use induction. B) Identify the key processes. C) List disruptive technologies. D) Translate the key processes.

85) Which of the following is NOT a component of PERT? A) Program B) Evolution C) Review D) Evaluation

85) ________ is the set of behaviors or functions in a use case that follow exceptions to the main success scenario. A) Triggers B) Extension C) Preconditions D) Connections

87) Which best describes facilitated reuses? A) Developers are required to practice reuse. B) Developers are not required to practice reuse, but are encouraged to do so. C) Developers practice reuse when they desire. D) Developers are mandated to reuse documentation.

88) A(n) ________ diagram depicts the interactions among objects during a certain period of time. A) Activity B) Sequence C) Business D) Activation

92) What is a large network of networks? A) Electronic commerce B) The Internet C) EDI D) A local area network

11) Flowcharting has been criticized by proponents of structured analysis and design because it is too ________. A) Geometrically oriented B) Diagrammatic C) Physically oriented D) Methodological

27) Which of the following is NOT a form of closed-ended questions? A) True/False B) Multiple Choice C) Essay D) Ranking

29) Which SDLC phase focuses on the business aspects of the design? A) Design B) Physical C) Logical D) Analysis

3) The SDLC planning phase consists of which activity? A) Project completion B) Project reorganization C) Project selection D) Project testing

36) Which of the following is an example of an intangible cost? A) Hardware costs B) Labor costs C) Customer goodwill D) Employee training

37) Data cannot move directly from one data store to another data store. Data must be moved by a ________. A) Flow chart B) Procedure C) Process D) Data source

39) A data flow has ________ direction(s) of flow between symbols. It may flow in both directions between a process and a data store to show a read before an update. A) No B) Three C) One D) Multi

40) Intuit's QuickBooks is an example of what type of software? A) ERP software B) In-house software C) Pre-packaged software D) Open source software

46) The act of going from a single system to ________ component processes is called (functional) decomposition. A) Two B) Three C) Four D) Six

66) ________ refers to how long it takes the software package to respond to the user's request in an interactive session. A) Vendor support B) Flexibility C) Response time D) Ease of installation

67) A common legal and contractual development in new application development is ________. A) Understanding how stakeholders feel about the system B) Determining which IS to develop C) Expanding software licenses D) The political ramifications of a new system

67) What refers to a broad and timeless goal for the organization? A) A competitive strategy B) The strategic plan C) The objective statements D) The mission statement

32) Most project management software tools support a broad range of task durations, including minutes, hours, days, weeks, and ________. A) Months B) Years C) Centuries D) Decades

47) ________ are used by project managers to depict resource utilization by task. A) Textual reports B) Bar graphs C) Pie charts D) Flow charts

52) Which of the following is NOT a step in the process of securing applications that an organization is migrating to the cloud? A) Conduct a security background check of the cloud computing organization B) Involve the organization's security experts C) Clearly define requirements D) Perform a risk assessment

82) Which of the following is a guideline for presentation design in making an effective presentation? A) Keep it simple B) Practice C) Have a backup plan D) Know your audience

9) If a project has a small or narrow focus, it most likely was chosen by ________. A) A business unit B) Top management C) A steering committee D) The IS department

1) What is another term for nonintegrated systems? A) Islands of information B) ERP systems C) SAP systems D) Enterprise systems

24) Which of the following is FALSE in the context of the project charter? A) It will not have the project manager's name and contact information. B) It includes the project title and date of authorization. C) It outlines many of the key elements of the project. D) It is a high-level document prepared for the customer.

25) Which of the following is an example of an open ended question? A) What is the main issue with the current computer system? B) What unit are sales currently shown in? C) Do you participate in flextime? D) When was the last time the system malfunctioned?

36) No process can have only ________ and if an object has only that, then it must be a sink. A) Inputs B) Procedure C) Outputs D) Arrow

36) Which of the following is correct with respect to the logical design? A) All functional features of the system chosen for development in analysis are described independently of any computer platform. B) Logical design does not concentrate on the business aspects of the system. C) Logical design is tied to a specific hardware and software platform. D) Technical specifications are developed.

4) Who has the primary responsibility for the design and analysis of information systems? A) Systems analyst B) Software engineer C) Employees D) Applications developer

74) Identifying the relationships between organizational entities and each business function relates to which kind of matrix? A) Unit-to-function B) Location-to-unit C) Function-to-process D) Entity-to-process

89) ________ is the time period during which an object performs an operation. A) Activation B) Activity C) Sequence D) Duration

93) The most expensive and extensive reuse approach is ________. A) Designed reuse B) Facilitated reuse C) Ad hoc reuse D) Managed reuse

2) ________ is designed to support organizational functions or processes. A) Application software B) Design software C) Analysis software D) Testing software

35) Which of the following is an example of a tangible benefit? A) Error reduction in data entry B) Improvement of employee morale C) Faster decision making D) Positive impacts on society

88) The critical path represents the ________ time in which a project can be completed. A) Shortest B) Longest C) Farthest D) Tallest

92) The structure that encapsulates attributes and methods that operate on those attributes is called a(n) ________. A) Object B) Case C) Container D) Module

64) Which of the following is NOT a fact about JAD? A) It was started in the late 1970s by Google. B) It brings together key users of the system. C) The result is highly structured. D) It helps to resolve conflicts.

32) Which of the following is NOT an advantage of a group interview? A) It is a waste of an analyst's time to interview a group. B) The interviewees can hear each other's opinions. C) Synergy D) It is easier to ascertain the general agreements.

10) With only ________ symbols, you can use DFDs to represent both physical and logical information systems. A) Four B) Three C) Five D) Six

27) What is the final activity in the project identification and selection process? A) Selecting an IS project B) Producing the IS project C) Implementing the IS project D) Delete the project

27) Which of the following activities happens during the SDLC planning phase? A) A presentation of why the system should or should not be developed by the organization is given. B) New system requirements are identified. C) The high level design is prepared. D) User acceptance testing is performed.

42) ________ is/are the rate at which money can be borrowed. A) Cost of capital B) Present value C) Fixed costs D) Time value of money

9) All of the following are part of project planning except ________. A) Organizing the team B) Creating a resource plan C) Identifying risk D) Developing the project scope

13) A ________ can be best understood as data in motion, moving from one place in a system to another. A) Process B) Data flow C) Data store D) Data source

31) All of the following are categories of feasibility except ________. A) Technical B) Scope C) Scheduling D) Political

47) The lowest level of a DFD is called a ________ data flow diagram. A) Low-level B) Primitive C) Level-0 D) Basic

5) If an analyst can recognize that all of the facts must fit with every other fact, the analyst is displaying ________. A) Impartiality B) Attention to details C) Relaxing constraints D) Reframing

71) How long it takes the software package to respond to the user's requests in an interactive session refers to which software evaluation criteria? A) Functionality B) Return rate C) Response time D) Flexibility

75) A(n) ________ arises when one use case uses another use case and is shown diagrammatically as a dotted-line arrow pointed toward the use case that is being used. A) Extend relationship B) Include relationship C) System boundary D) Connection

76) There are five factors that separate agile from traditional approaches to systems development. The factor "Criticality" describes which of the following agile methods factors? A) Well matched to small products and teams B) Untested on safety-critical products C) Requires continuous presence of a critical mass of scarce experts D) Thrives in a culture where people feel comfortable and empowered by having many degrees of freedom

95) A(n) ________ in business process modeling shows the sequence of action in a process. A) Graph B) Flow C) Event D) Activity

AACSB: Reflective Thinking 3) Which of the following is a reason why a company may outsource certain operations? A) Decrease process efficiencies B) Outsource noncore activities C) Increase time to market D) Keep the information technology staff from being bored

62) Which of the following is NOT a common criterion when choosing off-the-shelf software? A) Cost B) Functionality C) Reputation of the firm D) Documentation

11) Which document outlines all work required to complete the project? A) Baseline project plan B) Business plan C) Project scope document D) Feasibility document

24) What has assisted value chains in having the greatest improvement? A) Value chain analysis B) Analysis of organization's activities C) Information systems D) Removing some processes in the value chain

3) Who is typically responsible for performing the PIP process? A) Managers B) Users C) Systems analyst D) The business unit

4) What is one action that can happen if a company outsources all of their IT? A) The IT employees can sue. B) The IT employees take on different projects in the company. C) The IT employees are fired. D) The company re-hires the IT employees.

45) Which solution enables a firm to integrate all parts of a business process into a unified information system? A) Prepackaged B) Off the shelf C) Enterprise software solutions D) Azure

69) What is the end result of a JAD? A) A flowchart B) A CASE diagram C) Detailed documents of the current system D) A list of issues that need to be resolved

7) Which of the following is NOT a part of project initiation? A) Create the project initiation team B) Establish management procedures C) Create a project budget D) Develop the project charter

78) The overall IS plan may influence ________. A) Whether a systems analyst will be on the project B) The organization's strategic plan C) All development projects D) The mission of the company

90) The software reuse approach that allows individuals to find or develop reusable assets on their own, and has few, if any, organizational rewards for reusing assets best describes ________. A) Flexible reuse B) Facilitated reuse C) Ad hoc reuse D) Managed reuse

97) A(n) ________ in business process modeling is a decision point. A) Event B) Swim-lane C) Gateway D) Flow

33) A(n) ________ comes from an information system that can be measured monetarily. A) Project benefit B) Economic feasibility C) Project plan D) Tangible benefit

39) Which of the following is a firm that specializes in cloud computing? A) Accenture B) Intuit C) Oracle D) Salesforce.com

39) ________ is/are the final output from the analysis phase. A) Physical system specifications B) Work plan for the project C) Priorities for systems and projects proposal D) A description of the alternative solution

4) Which of the following is true as it pertains to project identification and small organizations? A) Small organizations normally have a formal process. B) Small organizations projects are normally borne out of a larger planning process. C) The proposal process is rigorous. D) The highest ranking IS manager typically selects the projects.

40) Which of the following is a FALSE statement regarding the Project Scope Statement? A) It occurs near the end of the project planning phase. B) It is developed primarily for the customer. C) It clearly describes what the project will deliver. D) It is a description of the alternative solution.

57) Which type of feasibility deals with project duration? A) Political feasibility B) Contract feasibility C) Time feasibility D) Schedule feasibility

70) Which of the following software evaluation criteria refers to the ease with which you or the vendor can customize the software? A) Vendor support B) Documentation C) Response time D) Flexibility

81) Which of the following types of documents do NOT make use of a walk-through? A) System specifications B) Code segments C) Test procedures D) Project budget

93) A logical grouping of objects that have the same attributes and behaviors is known as a(n) ________. A) Object B) Case C) Container D) Object class

95) ________ is/are often called the third approach to systems development, after the process oriented and data-oriented approaches. A) Inheritance B) Objects C) Participatory design D) Object-oriented analysis and design

1) The second phase in the SDLC is ________. A) Planning B) Analysis C) Design D) Implementation

32) In which design phase of the SDLC are logical specifications of the system from logical design transformed into technology-specific details from which all programming and system construction can be accomplished? A) Logical design B) Physical design C) Conceptual design D) High level design

33) COCOMO stands for ________. A) Constructive Coordination Model B) Constructive Cost Model C) Collective Cost Model D) Constructive Correction Model

39) A new hardware purchase is classified as a(n) ________. A) Tangible benefit B) One-time cost C) Fixed cost D) IS fee

52) The ________ is a document written to describe how a particular job is performed. A) System document B) Work procedure C) Mission statement D) Goals document

66) ________ DFD development recognizes that requirements determination and requirements structuring are interacting, not sequential, subphases of the analysis phase of the SDLC. A) Primitive B) Iterative C) Subjective D) Consistent

68) If you are entering diagrams into a CASE tool during a JAD, you are probably the ________. A) User B) Scribe C) Analyst D) IS staff

69) Which Porter strategy deals with competing in an industry on the basis of products to the consumer? A) Value added B) Low cost producer C) Product differentiation D) Product Focus

69) Which criterion refers to how it is to customize the software? A) Response time B) Flexibility C) Vendor support D) Functionality

70) Which Porter strategy has a narrow market focus? A) Low cost producer B) Product niche C) Product differentiation D) Service cost to the consumer

77) ________ are peer group reviews of products created via the systems development process. A) Staff meetings B) Walk-throughs C) Steering committee meetings D) Project approval bodies

79) The critical factor "Dynamism" refers to which of the following agile methods critical factors? A) Well matched to small products and teams. B) Simple design and continuous refactoring are excellent for highly dynamic environments but a source of potentially expensive rework for highly stable environments. C) Requires continuous presence of a critical mass of scarce experts. D) Thrives in a culture where people feel comfortable and empowered by having many degrees of freedom.

79) Use cases written at the ________ level focus on user goals. A) White B) Blue C) Black D) Kite

8) Choose the list that represents the top three countries that are used for outsourcing as of 2014. A) India, Asia, and Brazil B) India, China, and Malaysia C) Bulgaria, China, and Mexico D) Mexico, Egypt, and China

94) Which of the following is an organization that hosts and runs computer applications for other companies, typically on a per use or license basis? A) ERP firm B) Cloud computing application provider C) The Internet D) A software analyst

96) ________ refers to the amount of time a task can be delayed without delaying the completion of the project. A) Response time B) Total slack C) Shortest time D) Free slack

98) A ________ in business process modeling is a way to visually encapsulate a process. A) Gateway B) Swim-lane C) Pool D) Flow

64) A ________ clearly states what business a company is in. A) Corporate statement B) Current plan C) Mission statement D) Strategic plan

30) Which of the following is NOT a possible decision outcome for a project? A) Accept the project B) Reject the project C) Evaluate criteria D) Proof of concept

32) Which feasibility category deals with identifying financial benefits associated with the project? A) Political B) Legal C) Economic D) Technical

34) If group members work alone in the beginning of the project and then pool the ideas with guidance, they are participating in ________. A) A group interview B) A single interview C) A nominal group technique D) The JAD process

89) Nodes not on the critical path contain ________ time and allow the project manager some flexibility in scheduling. A) Shortest B) Critical C) Slack D) Report

7) ________ is a controlled process of initiating, planning, executing, and closing down a project. A) System design B) System analysis C) Project scheduling D) Project management

88) Which of the following is a FALSE statement about reusing software? A) Reuse should increase programmer productivity. B) Reuse should decrease development time. C) Reuse should result in higher-quality software. D) Reuse is always expensive

10) What is at the core of systems analysis? A) The project B) The systems analyst C) Procedures D) Collection of information

11) Which of the below is a traditional methodology used to develop, maintain, and replace information systems? A) Prototyping B) OOAD C) RAD D) SDLC

14) Which group chooses projects that most often reflect the larger needs of the organization? A) Business unit B) Steering committee C) Functional manager D) Development group

91) ________ is where developers are not required to practice reuse, but are encouraged to do so. A) Flexible reuse B) Facilitated reuse C) Ad hoc reuse D) Managed reuse

22) How many activities are involved in the project initiation phase? A) Four B) Five C) Six D) Three

93) Which of the following is NOT a general class of Internet electronic commerce? A) B2B B) B2E C) G2B D) B2C

2) ________ is NOT a phase in a systems development life cycle. A) Maintenance B) Planning C) Attributes D) Design

26) What is the first phase in the Systems Development Life Cycle? A) Analysis B) Design C) Planning D) Procedure

30) In which phase of the SDLC is the description of the recommended solution converted into logical and then physical system specifications? A) Implementation B) Analysis C) Design D) Planning

55) ________ are recognized in official documentation of the organization. A) Work procedure B) System documents C) Formal systems D) Disclosures

74) A document provided to vendors that asks them to propose hardware and system software that will meet the requirements of a new system is called a ________. A) Requirements request B) Request for information C) Request for proposal D) Viability report

74) Which of the following is NOT valued according to the Agile Manifesto for software development? A) Responding to change over following a plan B) Working software over comprehensive documentation C) Prioritizing the plan over the change required D) Individuals and interactions over processes and tools

96) Which of the following is NOT a phase in the planning game? A) Exploration B) Commitment C) Documentation D) Steering

10) ________ is NOT a skill pertaining to the management activity of a project manager. A) Monitoring outcomes B) Assigning resources to activities C) Communicating expectations D) Forecasting

13) Managing the project team for effective team performance represents a ________ activity of a project manager. A) Leadership B) Change management C) Risk management D) Team management

15) A ________ is the origin and/or destination of the data, and these are sometimes referred to as external entities because they are outside the system. A) Data graph B) Data flow C) Process D) Source

17) Identifying, assessing, and managing the risks and day-to-day changes that occur during a project is attributed to ________. A) Forecasting B) Team-building C) Goal setting D) Risk and change management

25) Which of the following is NOT a part of the Evolutionary model of the SDLC process? A) Analysis B) Design C) Planning D) Procedure

49) Which of the following is NOT a general type of CASE tools? A) Diagramming Tools B) Display and Report Generators C) Analysis Tools D) Debuggers

59) Which of the following is NOT a useful document in the analysis process? A) Reports generated by the current system B) Forms C) Work procedures D) E-mails

72) Information systems planning includes all of the following steps except ________. A) Current situation B) Future situation C) Schedule of projects D) Selection of projects

28) ________ is the process of dividing the project into manageable tasks and logically ordering them to ensure a smooth evolution between tasks. A) Work breakdown structure B) Task breakdown structure C) Project breakdown structure D) Management breakdown structure

49) Which of the following is a primary way to gather information? A) Interviewing B) Gather documentation C) Review procedures D) Direct observation

69) Which part of the baseline project report contains an outline of the recommended course of action? A) Introduction B) Feasibility assessment C) Management issues D) System description

85) What is a result of the reuse of object classes? A) Reduced rework B) Reduced defect density C) Increased productivity D) All of the above

81) Which of the following is NOT a basic reuse software step? A) Abstraction B) Testing C) Storage D) Recontextualization

58) When are forms most useful to the analyst? A) When the form is printed in duplicate B) When the customer signs the form C) When they contain organizational data D) When they are actually used by the sales team

6) Which of the following is NOT source of information for deliverables? A) Notes from observations B) Reports C) The News D) Job descriptions

60) All of the following are examples of computer-based documents except ________. A) Flowcharts B) User manuals C) Memos D) CASE tool reports

7) Which of the following is NOT a primary activity in project identification? A) Identify potential projects. B) Select IS projects. C) Stop current projects. D) Classify development projects.

71) Which of the following does a company NOT need to understand in order to build effective information systems? A) Its mission B) Its objectives C) Its current IS project list D) Its strategy

72) At what point in the project should you identify the alternative solutions? A) The introduction B) During the project initiation phase C) In the system description document D) During baseline planning

76) ________ and ________ are the two types of prototypes. A) New process : old process B) Long term : short-term C) Evolutionary : throwaway D) Throwaway : permanent

17) As an analyst, which type of project would you most likely have contact with in the beginning of your career? A) Top-down projects B) Strategic goals projects C) Planning of projects D) Bottom-up projects

19) Working closely with customers to ensure that project deliverables meet expectations is a ________ activity of a project manager. A) Resource redeployment B) Forecasting C) Management D) Customer relations

21) Which evaluation criteria for classifying and ranking projects deals with level of y of the project? A) Value chain analysis B) Resource availability C) Potential benefits D) Technical y

29) A Gantt chart is the graphical representation of a project that shows each task as a ________ bar whose length is proportional to its time for completion. A) vertical B) linear C) curve D) horizontal

35) What is a possible outcome of NGT? A) Times for a new meeting B) The analysts' favorite projects C) A list of user roles in the project D) Ideas for a new system

38) Which of the following is NOT true with respect to determining project standards and procedures? A) Specifies how various deliverables are produced and tested B) Specifies how the standard SDLC might be modified C) Specifies which SDLC methods will be used D) Specifies the budget and resource allocation

44) Which of the following is the first activity in the project execution phase? A) Communicating the project status B) Managing changes to the Baseline Project Plan C) Maintaining the project workbook D) Executing the Baseline Project Plan

54) Which option below is NOT an issue that occurs when analyzing work procedures? A) Duplication of effort B) A missing procedure C) Out-of-date procedure D) Procedures that match information collected from interviews

68) Which of the following is NOT a generic strategy identified by Porter? A) Low cost producer B) Product differentiation C) Product niche D) Product introduction

34) Which is the fourth phase in a SDLC cycle? A) Maintenance B) Analysis C) Design D) Implementation

37) Which of the following is an example of a procurement IS cost? A) System maintenance B) User training C) Personal recruiting D) Organizational disruptions

6) Which of the following is NOT a part of the project management process? A) Planning B) Initiating C) Executing D) Adjoining

65) ________ refers to the tasks the software can perform and the mandatory, essential, and desired system features. A) Vendor support B) Documentation C) Ease of installation D) Functionality

67) ________ is the process of discovering discrepancies between two or more sets of DFDs or discrepancies within a single DFD. A) Timing B) Primitive DFD C) Basic analysis D) Gap analysis

68) All of the following are included in the baseline project report except ________. A) Introduction B) System description C) Feasibility assessment D) Conclusion

82) A critical path refers to a sequence of task activities whose ________ and ________ directly affect the completion date of a project. A) Duration: network B) Order: network C) Task: sequence D) Order: duration

83) ________ is the software reuse step that involves making software assets available for others to use. A) Abstraction B) Designed reuse C) Component based development D) Storage

84) Compared to traditional coding practices, which of the below is NOT an advantage of pair programming? A) More (and better) communication among developers B) Higher levels of productivity C) Higher-quality code D) Coding written in silos

85) Systems development methodologies and techniques which are based on objects rather than data or processes are known as ________. A) Inheritance B) Objects C) Participatory design D) Object-oriented analysis and design

86) A(n) ________ diagram shows the conditional logic for the sequence of system activities needed to accomplish a business process. A) Fork B) Branch C) Business D) Activity

86) Which of the following issues should be addressed when considering reuse? A) The current lack of a methodology for creating and clearly defining and labeling reusable components for placement in a library B) The lack of commitment to reuse C) Lack of proper training and rewards needed to promote reuse D) The analyst's ability in using objects

9) ________ is/are NOT a deliverable for process modeling. A) Context DFD B) DFDs of the system C) Thorough descriptions of each DFD component D) Inadequately decomposed diagrams

18) A ________ is a DFD that represents a system's major processes, data flows, and data stores at a high level of detail. A) Level-1 diagram B) Level-0 diagram C) Level-2 diagram D) Level-3 diagram

81) ________ is a critical path scheduling technique used for controlling resources. A) Network programming B) Network diagramming C) Networking D) Network scheduling

9) ________ were developed to make systems developers' work easier and more consistent. A) Data analysis tools B) Computer-aided software engineering (CASE) tools C) Software designing tools D) Modeling tools

25) How should one think about an organization when conducting a value chain analysis? A) Understand the costs associated with value chain activities. B) Identify the projects that support the organizations goals. C) Consider the organization in terms of inputs/outputs. D) Look at each individual process within a value chain.

93) ________ are common in concurrent, real-time systems, in which several objects operate in parallel. A) Sequence diagrams B) Simple messages C) Asynchronous messages D) Synchronous messages

16) ________ is NOT a skill pertaining to the team management activity of a project manager. A) Self-management B) Team-building C) Peer-evaluation D) Forecasting

29) A Project Scope Statement can be used to ________. A) Detail project estimates B) Outline a schedule C) Prepare the project for the analysis phase D) Serve as a contract

35) Tasks that are ________ in scope will provide a clear sense of the status of the project or of the interdependencies between tasks. A) Short B) Medium C) Long D) Optimal

92) Which of the following is a software reuse approach that mandates the development, sharing, and adoption of reusable assets? A) Flexible reuse B) Facilitated reuse C) Ad hoc reuse D) Managed reuse

1) ________ would be classified as software designed to support the payroll function. A) System software B) Design software C) Analysis software D) Application software

27) Which is the first activity in the project planning phase? A) Setting a baseline project plan B) Creating a preliminary budget C) Identifying and assessing risk D) Describing project scope, alternatives, and feasibility

28) Which of the following is NOT a guideline to use during the actual interview? A) Listen carefully. B) Do not set expectations about the new system. C) Look for a variety of perspectives. D) Type up notes during the interview.

39) What of the following is NOT a consequence of employees knowing they are being observed in their work? A) Employees may be nervous and make more mistakes. B) Employees may follow procedures they normally do not follow. C) A snapshot observation may not include important activities. D) Employees may miss work.

40) A(n) ________ in a data flow means that exactly the same data goes from a common location to two or more different processes, data stores, or sources/sinks. (This usually indicates different copies of the same data going to different locations.) A) Arrow B) Join C) Break D) Fork

44) A data flow has a noun phrase label. More than one data flow noun phrase can appear on a single ________ as long as all of the flows on the same arrow move together as one package. A) Circle B) Rectangle C) Join D) Arrow

44) A specialized systems development life cycle is mainly required for ________. A) An organization that needs only one phase of the SDLC B) An organization that needs only two phases of the SDLC C) All organizations D) An organization that does not need all phases of the systems development life cycle or needs to modify phases

49) Failure to integrate the new system with the old system is an example of ________. A) A poor break even analysis B) Failure to create an adequate project scope statement C) Failure to recognize tangible benefits D) Failure to assess and manage risks

69) ________ are NOT a part of a decision table. A) Condition stubs B) Action stubs C) Rules D) Policies

74) A(n) ________ is an external entity that interacts with a system and is someone or something that exchanges information with the systems. A) Procedure B) DFD C) User D) Actor

29) Which of the following is NOT true during the first 48 hours after an interview? A) Schedule a follow up interview. B) Type up the notes. C) List any unclear points. D) Organize your notes.

84) ________ is the software reuse step that involves making the reusable asset understandable to developers who want to use it in their systems. A) Recontextualization B) Storage C) Object class D) Component reuse library

1) What is the practice of a company running a computer application for another organization? A) Outsourcing B) Information Technology Development C) In-house Payroll System D) Reusing

10) Most organizations find it beneficial to use a standard set of steps, called ________, to develop and support their information systems. A) Systems development methodology B) Supply chain management systems C) Analytical processing systems D) Customer relationship management systems

13) Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a steering committee when making IS identification and selections? A) Less concern with cost-benefit analysis B) Cross functional focus C) Narrow nonstrategic focus D) Larger and riskier projects

14) A ________ is the work or actions performed on data so that they are transformed, stored, or distributed. A) Process B) Data store C) Flowchart D) Data flow

14) ________ is NOT a skill pertaining to the technical problem solving activity of a project manager. A) Contact point for payroll team B) Defining activities and their sequence C) Making trade-offs between alternative solutions D) Interpreting system requests and specifications

18) Which of the following is NOT a reason a project would be removed from the project selection list? A) The IS department feels it is too to implement B) Inconsistency with overall objectives C) Redundant functionality D) Unnecessary

2) A ________ is a planned undertaking of a series of related activities to reach an objective that has a beginning and an end. A) Project B) Technique C) Data flow D) Methodology

2) Which of the following is NOT a source of requirements gathering for the systems analyst? A) Market conditions B) Users of the current system C) Reports D) Procedures

22) Considering evaluation criteria for classifying and ranking projects, which criterion concerns improving profits and customer service? A) Potential Benefits B) Project Duration C) Technical Risks D) Resource Availability

28) ________ is a process of considering short- and long- term projects. A) Project selection B) Project identification C) Project determination D) Project analysis

3) What are computer programs that make it easy to use and benefit from techniques and to faithfully follow the guidelines of the overall development methodology? A) Tools B) Techniques C) Data flow D) Methodologies

30) Which of the following is FALSE with respect to a task in a project plan? A) It can be done by one person only. B) It has a single and identifiable deliverable. C) It has a known method or technique. D) It has well-accepted predecessor and successor steps.

31) In which design phase of the SDLC are all functional features of the system chosen for development in analysis described independently of any computer platform? A) Logical design B) Physical design C) Conceptual design D) High level design

31) Which of the following is NOT a factor when making a project selection decision? A) End-user development B) List of ongoing projects C) Current organizational environment D) Perceived and real needs

36) Resource estimates may need to be revised based upon the skills of the actual person (or people) assigned to a particular ________. A) Activity B) Group C) Person D) Team

40) Which of the following are delivered after the completion of the implementation phase? A) Code, documentation, training procedures, and support capabilities B) Functional, detailed specifications of all system elements C) Description of current system and where problems and opportunities are with a general recommendation on how to fix, enhance, or replace current system D) Priorities for systems and projects; an architecture for data, networks, and selection hardware, and IS management are the result of associated systems

40) ________ current system users is a more direct way of seeing how an existing system operates. A) Observing B) Asking C) Polling D) Surveying

41) A(n) ________ in a data flow means that exactly the same data come from any of two or more different processes, data stores, or sources/sinks to a common location. A) Join B) Fork C) Break D) Arrow

42) Which firm is best known for its ERP software solution? A) SAP AG B) Oracle C) Microsoft D) Google

43) Which of the following is a component of the Maintenance phase of the SDLC? A) New versions or releases of software with associated updates to documentation, training, and support B) Functional, detailed specifications of all system elements C) Priorities for systems and projects; an architecture for data, networks, and selection hardware, and IS management are the result of associated systems D) Code, documentation, training procedures, and support capabilities

43) ________ is the third phase of the project management process in which the plans created in the prior phases (project initiation and planning) are put into action. A) Project execution B) Project closure C) Project development D) Project planning

45) Functional decomposition is a(n) ________ process of breaking the description of a system down into finer and finer detail, which creates a set of charts in which one process on a given chart is explained in greater detail on another chart. A) Iterative B) Never-ending C) Continuous D) Static

45) Which of the following is a drawback of the traditional waterfall SDLC approach? A) Users are locked into requirements. B) There are no criticisms. C) The process is too chaotic. D) It is too short of a process.

46) Which of the following is NOT a criticism of the traditional waterfall SDLC approach? A) Prototypes do not work properly. B) Users are locked into requirements. C) The role of customers is narrowly defined. D) Intangible processes are given hard and fast dates.

47) Attempts to make systems development less of an art and more of a science are usually referred to as ________. A) Systems engineering B) Computer-aided software engineering C) Computer engineering D) Systems development

49) ________ measures the difficulty of loading the software and making it operational. A) Ease of installation B) Installation viability C) Functionality D) Flexibility

5) Which of the following is NOT a source for IS development requests? A) Customers B) Formal planning groups C) Business units D) IS managers

50) Together, SAP and Oracle control about 36 percent of the ________ market. A) ERP B) Cloud computing C) Ad hoc reuse D) In-house development

50) Which of the following CASE tools is useful in the analysis phase of the SDLC? A) Diagramming B) Report generators C) Form generators D) Documentation generators

7) What is the practice of US firms contracting with countries in Latin America? A) Nearshoring B) Offshoring C) Nextshoring D) Neighbor redevelopment

70) A use-case consists of a set of possible sequences of interactions between a system and ________ in a particular environment, possible sequences that are related to a particular goal. A) User B) Procedure C) Function D) Company

71) Which of the following is NOT a reason to use diagramming and prototyping tools during the JAD? A) Review phases of the project B) Provide a graphic form of user requirements C) Make changes D) Show the tool to users

73) Which approach to planning begins with an analysis of an organization's mission? A) Top-down planning B) Top-down projects C) Bottom up planning D) Bottom up goals

74) Where do you identify the types of people needed for a project? A) Team configuration and management part of the management issues plan B) In the communications part of the management issues plan C) Project standards and procedures of the management issues plan D) In the work breakdown structure of the management issues plan

77) Which of the following is NOT a component on the typical information systems plan? A) Corporation history B) Constraints on IS development C) Informational inventory D) The short-term plan

79) Which section of the ISP deals with the set of long-range strategies chosen by the IS department? A) Overall systems needs strategies B) Mission and objectives of IS C) Informational inventory D) Conclusion

8) Which term describes a systems development project that is plagued with too much analysis work? A) Analysis Paralysis B) The Analysis Phase C) Documentation D) Reframing

80) According to Fowler, which of the following is NOT considered a valid individual methodology that comes under the umbrella of Agile Methodologies? A) Passive Software development B) Crystal family of methodologies C) Adaptive Software Development D) Scrum

83) A network diagram will never be used when the tasks ________. A) Cannot be worked on independently of other tasks B) Can be worked on independently of other tasks C) Are well defined and have a clear beginning and end point D) Serve the purpose of the project

84) According to Cockburn's template, ________ are those things the system must ensure are true before the use case can start. A) Preconditions B) Minimal guarantee C) Success guarantee D) Triggers

89) Which of the following is NOT an approach that an organization can take to software reuse? A) Flexible reuse B) Facilitated reuse C) Ad hoc reuse D) Managed reuse

91) A(n) ________ only transfers control from the sender to the recipient without describing the details of the communication. A) Simple message B) Sequence diagram C) Synchronous message D) Asynchronous message

94) ________ is/are the property that occurs when entity types or object classes are arranged in a hierarchy and each entity type or object class assumes the attributes and methods of its ancestors, that is, those higher up in the hierarchy. A) Inheritance B) Objects C) Participatory design D) Object-oriented analysis and design

95) Which of the following is an unknown that should be addressed when designing an Internet application? A) Connection speed B) How many users will access the application at one time C) How much it costs purchase satellite service D) What the time zone of the user is

98) In the inception phase, which of the following is NOT performed by the analysts? A) Implement the project B) Understand user requirements C) Prepare a software development plan D) Determine the feasibility of the project

AACSB: Reflective Thinking 5) ________ is the practice of turning over responsibility of some to all of an organization's information systems applications and operations to an outside firm. A) Outsourcing B) Reuse C) Nearshoring D) Time to market

29) If a project is selected, what is the most likely next step? A) The project will begin. B) The project will be funded. C) The project has to be signed off by management. D) The project is no longer considered.

38) What is the purpose of gathering system records? A) To watch employee behavior for wrong doing B) To gain an objective view of what an employee is doing C) To match what the employee claims he does to what he is actually does D) To have accurate information for a performance review

4) A ________, which is conducted by the project manager, involves determining if the information system makes sense for the organization from an economic and operational standpoint. A) Tool B) Feasibility study C) Data flow D) Methodology

41) Which of the following is NOT a stakeholder involved in the project communication matrix? A) Team members B) Facilities team C) User group D) Contract programmers

44) ________ solutions integrate individual traditional business functions into a series of modules so that a single transaction occurs seamlessly within a single information system rather than several separate systems. A) Turnkey B) ERP C) IBM D) Consultants

73) The document sent to vendors asking them to propose hardware and software that will meet the requirements of your new system is called a ________. A) Requirements statement B) Request for proposal C) Baseline project plan D) Business case

96) What stands as the most outstanding representation of global networking? A) Business to business applications B) The Internet C) Protocols D) Electronic commerce

1) A ________ is a picture of the movement of data between external entities and the processes and data stores within a system. A) Process flow diagram B) Data flow diagram C) Data diagram D) Procedure flow diagram

18) ________ is NOT a skill pertaining to the risk and change management activity of a project manager. A) Environmental scanning B) Team-building C) Risk and opportunity identification and assessment D) Resource redeployment

2) What is the first phase of the SDLC method? A) Analysis B) Planning C) Design D) Maintenance

23) Which evaluation criterion for classifying and ranking projects deals with helping an organization achieve its long-term goals? A) Value chain analysis B) Strategic alignment C) Potential Benefits D) Resource availability

25) The project charter will never include which of the following? A) Project objectives and description B) Project budget C) Projected start and completion dates D) Key stakeholders, project role, and responsibilities

26) Which of the following is a disadvantage of closed ended questions? A) They are to write. B) Some answers do not fit in the given answers. C) It is to take notes. D) Interviewees do not like them.

28) In which phase of the SDLC are the system requirements studied and structured? A) Implementation B) Analysis C) Design D) Planning

30) Which of the following is NOT a common source used to find out about the current issues in a system? A) Users of other systems B) The new systems analyst C) Management D) Information systems staff

33) What is the primary disadvantage of a group interview? A) Interviewees argue with each other. B) Scheduling C) Participants do not want to voice their opinion. D) It slows down the process.

5) ________ is/are the process(es) that an analyst will follow to help ensure that his work is complete, well-done, and understood by project team members. A) Tools B) Techniques C) Data flow D) Methodologies

53) Which of the following is NOT an example of open-source software? A) MySQL B) Excel C) Firefox D) Linux

58) At the ________ level of DFDs, new data flows may be added to represent data that are transmitted under exceptional conditions. These data flows typically represent error messages or confirmation notices. A) Highest B) Lowest C) Basic D) Medium

6) The first procedural, or third-generation, computer programming languages did not become available until the beginning of the ________. A) 1950s B) 1960s C) 1970s D) 1980s

65) When do executives develop a mission statement? A) At the beginning of the fiscal year B) During corporate strategic planning C) At the beginning of the project D) During the board of director meeting

66) What kind of statement is "We are in the business of designing, fabricating, and selling to retail stores high-quality wood furniture"? A) Business statement B) Mission statement C) Goal statement D) Corporate policy

66) Which of the following is NOT a factor in determining legal and contractual feasibility? A) Labor laws B) Financial budgets C) Copyright infringements D) Foreign trade regulations

67) How does an organization rank criteria for choosing off the shelf software? A) Look at cost and then go from there. B) Importance depends on the organization's requirements. C) The organization chooses the cheapest option. D) It does not matter the criteria order as long as ease of installation is considered.

77) ________ refers to the use of previously written software resources, especially objects and components, in new applications. A) Reorganization B) Reuse C) IT vendor support D) Software

8) ________ are large, complex systems that consist of a series of independent system modules. A) Supply chain management systems B) Enterprise-wide systems C) Customer relationship management systems D) Transaction processing systems

8) ________ is NOT a common skill pertaining to the leadership activity of a project manager. A) Communication B) Working on assigned activities C) Assigning activities D) Monitoring progress

9) Influencing the activities of others toward the attainment of a common goal through the use of intelligence, personality, and abilities refers to the ________ activity of a project manager. A) Management B) Leadership C) Team management D) Conflict management

33) Which of the following is NOT included as a total when using a weighted multi-criteria project? A) Requirements B) Constraints C) Department rankings D) Overall totals

37) Which of the following is NOT a reason why the planning-based approach for projects is better than the traditional approach? A) The planning based approach plans for the future. B) Data structures remain stable. C) Business processes remain the same for ten or more years. D) An organization's informational needs change more slowly.

76) The third activity in the ISP process is ________. A) Describe the target situation, trends, and constraints B) Describe the current situation C) Develop a transition strategy and plans D) Develop the logical design

84) Which of the following is NOT a feature of a network diagram? A) It represents how completion times vary for activities. B) It is more often used than Gantt charts to manage projects such as information systems development. C) Connecting arrows are not used. D) Variability in the duration of activities is the norm.

1) The ________ is a systems analyst with a diverse set of skills—management, leadership, technical, conflict management, and customer relationship—who is responsible for initiating, planning, executing, and closing down a project. A) Consultant B) Project scheduler C) Project manager D) Project assistant

11) ________ is NOT a skill pertaining to the customer relations activity of a project manager. A) Interpreting system requests B) Interpreting system specifications C) Contact point for developers D) User training

11) ________ will mostly likely choose projects that are to integrate with the current hardware and software. A) Top management B) Steering committees C) IS departments D) User departments

15) Which of the following is an example of a project coming from a top-down source? A) A project identified by a business unit B) A project identified by customers C) A project identified by a steering committee D) A project identified by managers

15) ________ is NOT a skill pertaining to the conflict management activity of a project manager. A) Problem solving B) Smoothing out personality differences C) Monitoring D) Compromising

16) According to the DFD conventions, the data flow is always depicted by a(n) ________. A) Rectangle B) Circle C) Arrow D) Triangle

16) Which of the following groups does NOT identify a bottom-up development project? A) Business units B) Managers C) Top Management D) IS development group

19) When two ________ have the same data flow name, you must be careful that these flows are exactly the same. A) Rectangles B) DFDs C) Arrows D) Processes

20) Which of the following is NOT a possible evaluation criteria when ranking projects? A) Value chain analysis B) Strategic alignment C) Cross functional focus D) Technical y

21) During ________, the project manager performs several activities to assess the size, scope, and complexity of the project and to establish procedures to support subsequent activities. A) Project bidding B) Project development C) Project initiation D) Project delivery

24) Which of the below is a true statement regarding the systems development life cycle? A) The SDLC is not iterative. B) It is not possible to complete some activities in one phase in parallel with those of another phase. C) The life cycle can be thought of as a circular process in which the end of the useful life of one system leads to the beginning of another project to develop a new version of or replace an existing system. D) The life cycle can be thought of as a linear process in which the end of the useful life of one system leads to the beginning of another project to develop a new version of or replace an existing system.

31) Which of the following is FALSE with respect to resource estimation activity? A) This information is used to create a project resource plan. B) Project managers use a variety of tools to assist in making estimates of project size and costs. The most widely used method is called COCOMO. C) Resource estimates may need not be revised based upon the skills of the actual person (or people) assigned to a particular activity. D) People are the most important, and expensive, part of project resource planning.

35) In which part of the design phase of the SDLC are the logical specifications of the system from logical design transformed into technology-specific details from which all programming and system construction can be accomplished? A) Implementation B) Object modeling C) Physical design D) Logical design

36) How have organizations traditionally allocated IS resources? A) Through a formal process B) With a top-down process C) Through attempts to solve isolated organizational problems D) To update billing systems

38) Which of the following is NOT a guideline for better cost estimation? A) Have clear guidelines for creating estimates B) Use experienced developers C) Update estimates at the end of the project D) Use historical data

39) Which of the following is NOT true of a project communication plan? A) It outlines the communication procedures among management, project team members, and the customer. B) It includes when and how written and oral reports will be provided by the team. C) It does not define communication with vendors and external contractors. D) It includes how team members will coordinate work.

42) A data flow cannot go directly back to the same process it leaves. There must be at least ________ other process(es) that handle(s) the data flow, produce(s) some other data flow, and return(s) the original data flow to the beginning process. A) Three B) Two C) One D) Four

42) At the end of the project planning phase, ________ of the Baseline Project Plan is conducted to double-check all information in the plan. A) Rating B) Testing C) Review D) Planning

43) ________ is/are off-the-shelf software systems that cannot be modified to meet the specific, individual needs of a particular organization. A) In-house designs B) Custom software C) Turnkey systems D) Open source systems

45) Which of the following is NOT true about project closedown? A) It brings the project to an end. B) Projects can conclude with a natural or unnatural termination. C) Unnatural termination of a project can never happen. D) An unnatural termination occurs when the project is stopped before completion.

46) If an organization is using applications rented from a third party vendor running in a remote location, they are most likely using what type of software system? A) ERP B) Mobile software C) Cloud computing D) SAP

46) Which of the following is FALSE with respect to the Gantt chart and network diagram? A) Gantt charts visually show the duration of tasks, whereas a network diagram visually shows the sequence dependencies between tasks. B) Gantt charts visually show the time overlap of tasks, whereas a network diagram does not show time overlap but does show which tasks could be done in parallel. C) Gantt charts visually show the time overlap of tasks, whereas a network diagram shows time overlap but does show which tasks could be done in parallel. D) Some forms of Gantt charts can visually show slack time available within an earliest start and latest finish duration.

47) Why is open source software different than the other types of software? A) Companies make money by offering maintenance contracts. B) It is available via the Internet. C) The source code is free. D) Only major corporations offer it.

48) An integrated and standard database called a ________ is the common method for providing product and tool integration, and has been a key factor in enabling CASE to more easily manage larger, more complex projects and to seamlessly integrate data across various tools and products. A) Workbook B) Project dictionary C) Repository D) Methodology

48) Why is open source software different than the other types of software? A) Companies make money by offering maintenance contracts B) It is available via the Internet C) The source code is free D) Only major corporations offer it

57) Balancing is the conservation of inputs and outputs to a DFD process when that process is decomposed to a ________ level. A) Balanced B) Similar C) Lower D) Higher

63) Which of the following is NOT a step in the corporate strategic planning process? A) Current enterprise B) Future enterprise C) IS Corporate plan D) Strategic plan

64) If a company has a generic software need, they should consider acquiring its software from a(n) ________. A) In-house development B) Cloud sourcing C) Packaged software producer D) Using a ERP system

75) Which of the below is NOT considered as the principle as per the agile manifesto? A) Working software is the primary measure of progress. B) Continuous attention to technical excellence and good design enhances agility. C) Businesspeople and developers work separately throughout the project. D) The best architectures, requirements, and designs emerge from self-organizing teams.

78) The critical factor "Personnel" is related to which of the following critical factors in distinguishing agile methods from traditional systems development? A) Well matched to small products and teams B) Untested on safety-critical products C) Requires continuous presence of a critical mass of scarce experts D) Thrives in a culture where people feel comfortable and empowered by having many degrees of freedom

94) BPMN stands for ________. A) Basic Process Modeling Notation B) Business Process Multi Notation C) Business Process Modeling Notation D) Business Procedure Modeling Notation

94) What do trading partners use to establish computer-to-computer links to allow for electronic data exchange? A) B2B B) The Internet C) EDI D) LAN

96) One of the most popular realizations of the iterative approach for object-oriented development is the ________. A) JAD B) RAD C) RUP D) eXtreme Programming

12) Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of top management when choosing an IS project selection? A) Largest project size B) Strategic focus C) Enterprise wide consideration D) Faster development

17) A ________ is used in both conventions for sources/sinks and has a name that states what the external agent is, such as Customer, Teller, EPA Office, or Inventory Control System. A) Circle B) Triangle C) Rectangle D) Square

20) No process can have only ________. It would be making data from nothing (a miracle). If an object has only outputs, then it must be a source. A) Sources B) Sinks C) Inputs D) Outputs

23) Which of the following is FALSE in the context of the project workbook? A) It can be stored as an online electronic document. B) It can be stored in a large three-ring binder. C) The project workbook is used by all team members. D) It is not useful for project audits.

24) What information do the objectives cover in an interview guide? A) A list of issues the analysts have with the current system B) Information about the interviewer C) Specific questions on what the analyst wants to confirm D) Data collection questions

26) Which of the following is NOT an output in the value chain? A) Products sold to customers B) Services C) Distribution D) Costs

34) What is the primary deliverable in the initial part of the planning phase? A) To determine costs B) To rank projects C) A detailed projet plan D) A schedule of specific IS development projects

37) In which phase of the SDLC is an information system systematically repaired and improved? A) Implementation B) Analysis C) Design D) Maintenance

37) The distinguishing feature of a network diagram is that the ordering of tasks is shown by connecting tasks—depicted as ________ or ovals—with their predecessor and successor tasks. A) Circles B) Diamonds C) Ellipticals D) Rectangles

38) Data cannot move directly from a source to a sink. It must be moved by a process if the data are of any concern to our system. Otherwise, the data flow is not shown on the ________. A) Sink B) Procedure C) Flow chart D) DFD

38) Which of the following are delivered after the completion of planning phase? A) Functional, detailed specifications of all system elements B) Description of all functional features of the proposed system C) Code, documentation, training procedures, and support capabilities D) Description of current system and where problems and opportunities are with a general recommendation on how to fix, enhance, or replace current system

41) Which of the following are delivered after the completion of analysis phase? A) Functional, detailed specifications of all system elements B) Priorities for systems and projectsan architecture for data, networks, and selection hardware, and IS management are the result of associated systems C) Code, documentation, training procedures, and support capabilities D) Description of current system and where problems and opportunities are with a general recommendation on how to fix, enhance, or replace current system

42) Which of the below is NOT a true statement regarding the SDLC? A) It is a highly linked set of phases whose products feed the activities in subsequent phases. B) The different phases are clearly defined. C) The relationships between phases are well specified. D) It is a rapid method to prototype and develop an application.

5) To successfully orchestrate the construction of a complex information system, a project manager must have ________, leadership, and technical skills. A) Planning B) Initiating C) Executing D) Interpersonal

51) What is the primary concern of IT managers as it relates to cloud computing? A) Selecting an appropriate vendor B) Losing control of their data C) Not knowing the physical location of their applications D) Security

51) Which of the following CASE tools is useful in the project initiation and planning phase of the SDLC? A) Diagramming B) Report generators C) Form generators D) Documentation generators

60) Data flow repository entries typically will NOT include ________. A) The label or name for the data flow as entered on the DFDs B) A list of other repository objects grouped into categories by type of object C) The composition or list of data elements contained in the data flow D) A long description defining the data flow

61) Which of the following is NOT a contemporary method of collecting system requirements? A) JAD B) CASE tools C) Prototyping D) Reading user manuals

62) Which of the following is NOT a consideration when discussing the need for improved IS project selection? A) Systems cannot handle applications that cross organizational boundaries. B) Poorly planned systems must be constantly revised. C) Data redundancy is out of control. D) The cost of information systems has remained steady.

7) Because computers were so expensive, computer memory was also at a premium, so system developers conserved as much memory as possible for ________. A) System design B) System analysis C) Data analysis D) Data storage

70) What typically does the first day entail in the JAD? A) An analysis of the current system B) Analysis of reports C) A review of roles in the JAD D) Overview of major problems

72) All of the following are ways of validating purchased software information, except ________. A) Reviewing software documentation and technical marketing literature B) Sending prospective vendors a questionnaire asking specific questions about their packages C) Using the software yourself and running it through a series of tests based on the criteria for selecting software D) Asking the manufacturer if they feel their software is best

72) Which of the following is NOT true regarding iterative development? A) It is a mechanism for dealing with a lack of predictability. B) It focuses on the frequent production of working versions of a system. C) It provides feedback to customers. D) Feedback is not provided to developers and customers.

77) Which of the following is a situation in which prototyping is useful for requirements determination? A) When formal documentation of system requirements are needed B) When stand-alone systems aren't needed C) When user requirements are clear and well understood D) When tools and data are rapidly available to working systems

8) Which of the following roles does NOT identify potential development projects? A) CEO B) Steering committee C) User departments D) Customer focus groups

81) Which of the following is the best known Agile development methodology? A) Crystal family of methodologies B) Adaptive Software Development C) Scrum D) eXtreme Programming

86) Which of the following is NOT a feature of PERT? A) Uses optimistic estimate B) Uses pessimistic estimate C) Uses realistic estimate D) Calculates budget for a project

90) A(n) ________ shown as a full, solid arrowhead, is one where the caller has to wait for the receiving object to complete execution of the called operation before it itself can resume execution. A) Activation B) Simple message C) Asynchronous message D) Synchronous message

92) ________, shown as a half arrowhead in a sequence diagram, is one where the sender does not have to wait for the recipient to handle the message. A) Simple message B) Activation C) Synchronous message D) Asynchronous message

95) ________ refers to the amount of time a task can be delayed without delaying the early start of any immediately following tasks. A) Response time B) Total slack C) Shortest time D) Free slack

96) A(n) ________ in business process modeling is an action that must take place for a process to be completed. A) Gateway B) Event C) Flow D) Activity

97) Which of the following is NOT a phase in the Rational Unified Process? A) Inception B) Elaboration C) Construction D) Calculation

AACSB: Reflective Thinking 6) Which of the following is a reason why an organization might get rid of its entire information processing unit? A) To hire better IT staff B) Because the old system does not work anymore C) Because management does not like the IT department D) Because of political reasons

56) Which of the following is NOT a way informal systems develop? A) Individual work habits B) Resistance to control C) Inadequate formal procedures D) Top management does not mandate it.

31) Which of the following is a reason why an analyst would NOT choose to conduct a group interview? A) Because a single interview answers all of the questions. B) It is to schedule a single person. C) New questions may be created during an interview. D) New interviews can be time consuming.

34) All of the following are tangible benefits except ________. A) Decreased flexibility B) Cost reduction C) Increased speed of activity D) Improvement of management planning

36) Which of the following is NOT a reason why people sometimes do not report accurate information? A) They are afraid they might be wrong. B) The event is infrequent. C) The event is from the past. D) The employee is passionate about the project.

2) Which of the following is NOT a question asked to determine if project initiation and planning has ended and analysis has begun? A) What kind of effort should be expended on PIP? B) Who is going to pay for PIP? C) Who is responsible for performing PIP? D) Why is PIP so challenging?

22) Which of the following is NOT a part of the guidelines for effective interviewing? A) Prime questions B) Listen carefully C) Review notes within 96 hours of interview D) Be neutral

40) Which of the following is NOT an example of a recurring cost? A) Software maintenance B) Data storage expenses C) System conversion D) Hardware leases

45) Which of the options below means the organization has the ability to build the requested system? A) Economic feasibility B) Return on investment C) Technical Feasibility D) Break-even point

50) All of the following are documents that are helpful in understanding future systems, except ________. A) Business plans B) External correspondence C) Reports from future organizational studies D) Job descriptions

52) Which of the following is a less risky approach to the technical parts of a project? A) User involvement B) Using a matrix C) Using standard technology D) Having a well-equipped IT staff

7) In systems analysis, which of the following is NOT a component you need to understand? A) Business objectives B) The information people need to do their job C) The rules governing data D) The size of the budget

80) Which of the following is NOT an outcome after a presenter has participated in a walk-through of the product? A) Approval of the work product B) Approval of the work product pending changes C) Approval of the work product pending major revisions D) Disapproval and removal of the work product

41) An effective way to gather information about the system from users is ________. A) Taking Internet surveys B) Asking them questions C) Reading corporate memos D) Reading redesign documents

37) What did Mintzberg observe about a manager's day? A) Managers have a lot of work. B) Managers experience a lot of interruptions. C) Managers are effective because they work for long lengths of time. D) Managers control the pace of their work.

23) The first page of the interview guide contains all of the following except ________. A) An outline of the interview B) Who is being interviewed C) Major objectives D) The outcome of the interview

4) Why is PIP challenging? A) Because it is expensive B) Because only systems analysts participate in the process C) Because it is a closed-ended process D) Because it turns a vague system request into a project description

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