100 pharm questions lol

which therapeutic effect would the nurse expect to identify when mannitol is administered to a client?

decreased intracranial pressure

laboratory reports reveal that the client's thyroxine levels are low. which medication might have led to this condition?

lithium may cause goiter, which is associated with hypothyroidism and decreased levels of thyroxine and triiodothyronine may indicate hypothyroidism

which medication is indicated to treat shift-work sleep disorder (SWSD)?

modafinil

which nursing care will be included for a client who is receiving doxorubicin for acute myelogenous leukemia?

providing frequent oral hygiene

which effect may be experienced by a client who reports frequently taking calcium carbonate?

rebound hyperacidity

which mineral is important for a client to maintain an adequate daily intake of when lithium therapy is instituted?

sodium because decreased sodium intake can accelerate lithium retention, resulting in toxicity

which time for medication scheduling would a nurse teach to a client prescribed the oral pancreatic enzymes pancrelipase?

with meals; this includes amylase, trypsin and lipase

the nurse understands which anesthetic medication is commonly used for short procedures on pediatric clients?

fentanyl

which purpose of insulin would a nurse identify when caring for a client prescribed insulin added to a solution of 10% dextrose in water after an intravenous solution containing potassium inadvertently was infused too rapidly?

potassium follows glucose into the cells of the body, thereby raising the intracellular potassium level

which mechanism of action would the nurse identify for levodopa therapy prescribed to a client diagnosed with Parkinson disease?

restores the dopamine levels in the brain

which adverse effect would the nurse continually assess for in a client receiving valproic acid?

yellow sclerae

which medication would the health care provider prescribe to treat the acute attack of gout and prevent future attacks?

colchicine

which mechanism of action explains why naloxone is administered for a heroin overdose?

competition with opioids for occupancy of opioid receptors

which laboratory values are important for the nurse to monitor in the client who takes zidovudine?

complete blood counts (CBCs)

which intervention would the nurse implement for a client admitted for an exacerbation of asthma?

give prescribed medications to promote bronchiolar dilation

which complication can occur if a client receiving isocarboxazid fails to adhere to necessary dietary restrictions?

hypertensive crisis

which mechanism would a nurse recall when caring for a client prescribed bisacodyl for constipation?

stimulating peristalsis

which explantation would the nurse include when teaching a client scheduled for a bowl resection about the purpose of preoperative antibiotics?

they are given to eliminate bacteria from the GI tract

which medication is indicated for treating obsessive compulsive disorder?

clomipramine

which insulin would the nurse conclude has the fastest onset of action?

insulin lispro

which medication would the nurse identify as a potential cause for the formation of abnormally small eyes in the newborn if used during pregnancy?

nitrofurantoin

which information would the nurse include when preparing a teaching plan for a client prescribed sublingual nitroglycerin?

place the tablet under the tongue or between the check and gums

which medication is indicated for emergency treatment of bleeding esophageal varices?

vasopressin

which nursing intervention is important when caring for clients receiving intravenous (IV) digoxin?

- monitor the heart rate closely - check the blood levels of digoxin - monitor the serum potassium level

which finding in a client with hypothyroidism and hypertension who reports taking an extra dose of levothyroxine indicates the need to obtain a thyroid function panel?

- tremors - diaphoresis - nervousness - temperature 101 F - heart rate 116 beats/min

which medication is indicated for management of clinical manifestations associated with an opioid overdose?

naloxone

which vitamin deficiency may occur if cholestyramine, an anion exchange resin, to treat a client's persistent diarrhea is needed long-tern?

retinol (vitamin A)

a client abruptly stops taking a barbiturate. which withdrawal complication would the nurse anticipate that the client may experience?

seizures

which adverse response would a nurse assess for when carbidopa-levodopa is prescribed for a client with Parkinson disease?

- nausea - emotional changes - insomnia, tremors, and agitation - tachycardia

which statement indicates that a female client who is receiving rifampin for tuberculosis understands the teaching?

- this medication may be hard on my liver, so I must avoid alcoholic drinks while taking it - this medication may reduce the effectiveness of the oral contraceptive I am taking - my health care provider must be called immediately if my eyes and skin become yellow

which intravenous (IV) solution would a nurse anticipate administering when caring for a client with a history of severe diarrhea for the past 3 days who is admitted for dehydration?

0.9% sodium chloride; it is an isotonic solution that will act as a volume expander to quickly replace volume losses and promote physiological stabilization

which medication would the nurse expect to administer to actively reverse the overdose sedative effects of benzodiazepines?

flumazenil

which condition is treated with a proton pump inhibitor (PPI)?

gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD); PPIs are effective in decreasing the secretion of gastric acid

which response would the nurse give to a client taking ibuprofen for rheumatoid arthritis who asks the nurse if acetaminophen can be substituted?

ibuprofen has anti-inflammatory properties, and acetaminophen does not

which mechanism is specifically responsible for the action of the medication ranitidine?

inhibiting the histamine at H2 receptors

which increased risk would the nurse consider when assessing a client with diabetes who is receiving long term corticosteroid therapy and is admitted with leg ulcers?

inadequate wound healing

which essential test results will the nurse review before starting antitubercular pharmacotherapy when caring for a client with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection who is diagnosed with tuberculosis?

liver function studies

which statement by a client who has a gastric ulcer and asks what to do if epigastric pain occurs indicates that teaching was effective?

taking an antacid preparation will decrease pain due to gastric acid. this preparation neutralizes gastric acid and relieves pain

which antidote would the nurse anticipate administering to a client whose laboratory report establishes a warfarin overdose?

vitamin K

how would the nurse instruct a client with arthritis to take aspirin when the client states that the aspirin causes stomach irritation?

with food and a full glass of water

neuroleptic malignant syndrome is a potentially fatal reaction to antipsychotic therapy. which signs and symptoms of this syndrome will the nurse identify?

- diaphoresis - hyperrigidity - hyperthermia

which concept is important to teach a client i relation to why medication cocktails are more effective than a single medication in cancer therapy?

cellular growth cycle. different medications destroy cells at different stages of their replication

the primary health care provider suspects agranulocytosis in a client with a history of bipolar disorder (BPD). which medication used to treat BPD is responsible for this condition?

clozapine

which statement is important for the nurse to teach a client prescribed psyllium 3.5 g twice a day for constipation?

each dose should be taken with a full glass of water

the nurse understands which antiepileptic medication would be used as the first line treatment for absence seizures?

valproic acid

which intervention would the nurse include in the plan of care for a client being treated with lithium for bipolar disorder?

- monitor blood levels - assess for slurred speech (sign of toxicity) - evaluate intake and output (check for polyuria) - instruct the client to limit caffeine intake - advise the client to use reliable birth control

which alteration is the likely cause of thyrotoxic crisis (thyroid storm) in a client who has had treatment with propylthiouracil for hyperthyroidism followed by thyroid ablation with 131 I?

thyrotoxic crisis is the body's response to excessive circulating thyroid hormones

which purpose is served by an evening snack of milk, crackers, and cheese for a client who is receiving NPH insulin?

to cover for insulin activity during sleep

which explantation would the nurse provide to a client with gastric ulcer disease who asks the nurse why the health care provider has prescribed metronidazole?

to treat Helicobacter pylori infection (approximately 2/3 of clients with peptic ulcer disease are found to have this infection)

which statement is important for the nurse to include in the teaching plan of a client with irritable bowel syndrome who has instructions to take psyllium for constipation?

each dose should be taken with a full glass of water or juice

which instruction regarding nutrition will the nurse give a client discharged after a short hospitalization for an episode of a transient ischemic attack (TIA) related to hypertension who is on regimen that includes chlorothiazide?

eat more dark green, leafy vegetables such as spinach. the client should increase the dietry intake of potassium because of potassium loss associated with chlorothiazide

which manifestation is an extrapyramidal side effect of chlorpromazine?

extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) are adverse effects of antipsychotic medications and include ... - Parkinsonism (drooling & shuffling gait) - tardive dyskinesia (facial tics & tongue rolling) - akathisia (restless movements)

a 45 year old client who recently completed alcohol detoxification reports plans to begin using disulfirams as part of the alcohol regimen. which client teaching would the nurse share regarding this medication?

foods, medications, and any topical preparation containing alcohol should be avoided. disulfiram causes unpleasant physical effects when mixed with alcohol

which diuretic would the nurse anticipate administering to a client admitted with acute pulmonary edema?

furosemide; it acts on the loop of Henle by increasing the excretion of chloride and sodium

a client with a history of osteoporosis and vertebral compression has been coming to the clinic more frequently for prescription refills of hydrocodone/acetaminophen. which inference will the nurse make?

higher doses are needed to achieve pain relief

a client in the hyperactive phase of bipolar disorder is receiving lithium. the nurse sees that the client's lithium blood level is 1.8 mEq/L. which action would the nurse take?

hold the medication and notify the health care provider immediately, because the blood lithium level may be toxic. the lithium level should be maintained between 0.5-1.5 mEq/L

which technique would the nurse reinforce when teaching a client how to self-administer eyedrops after cataract surgery?

holding the dropper tip above the conjunctival sac

which adverse medication effect will a nurse monitor for in a client with cirrhosis of the liver who develops ascites and is prescribed spironolactone?

hyperkalemia

in which category of fluids would the nurse classify an intravenous solution of 0.45% sodium chloride?

hypotonic solutions are less concentrated (contain less than 0.85 g of sodium chloride in each 100 mL) than body fluids

which times for the medication schedule would a nurse teach when corticosteroid therapy is prescribed for a client with an exacerbation of ulcerative colitis?

in the early morning with food

which information would the nurse provide to a client with hyperthyroidism receiving methimazole?

initial improvement will take several weeks; methimazole blocks thyroid hormone synthesis

which topic will the nurse include in the discharge teaching of a client who has had a total gastrectomy?

injections of vitamin B12 for life (vitamin B12 is needed to maintain the hemoglobin level and prevent pernicious anemia)

which parameter would the nurse monitor to evaluate the effectiveness of desmopressin acetate (DDAVP) administered to a client with diabetes insipidus?

intake and output

which sign of hypokalemia will the nurse monitor for in a client receiving furosemide?

muscle weakness

which finding would lead the nurse to recheck the blood glucose level of a diabetic client before administering a mealtime insulin dose?

signs of hypoglycemia such as ... - confusion - drowsiness - diaphoresis - nervousness - heart rate 110 beats/min

which instruction will the nurse include when performing discharge teaching to a client now receiving hydrocortisone by mouth after stabilization of an acute adrenal insufficiency?

take the medication with food

which statement by a client who had an endarterectomy that is prescribed clopidogrel would cause the nurse to conclude that teaching was effectice?

taking this medication will help prevent further clogging of my arteries; clopidogrel interferes with platelet aggregation and stops the formation of thrombi

which conclusion would the nurse make about the development of loose stools and increased salivation two days after a client with myasthenia gravis begins taking pyridostigmine?

the medication is causing cholinergic side effects

which advantage does aluminum and magnesium hydroxide have over baking soda (sodium bicarbonate) for the treatment of heartburn?

there is no direct effect on the systemic acid-base balance when taken as directed

which clinical manifestation exhibited by a client taking levothyroxine for hypothyroidism for 3 months would cause a nurse to suspect that a decrease in dosage is needed?

tremors and heat intolerance

which explanation would the nurse provide for administering prednisone to a client with an exacerbation of colitis?

although the medication decreases intestinal inflammation, it will not cure the colitis

which instruction about phenytoin will the nurse provide during discharge teaching to a client with epilepsy who is prescribed phenytoin for seizure control?

anti-seizure medications will probably be continued for life

an antidepressant is prescribed for a depressed older client. after 1 week, the client's son expresses concern that there does not seem to be much improvement. which is the best response by the nurse?

antidepressant therapy requires several weeks before it becomes effective

which is an appropriate nursing action when caring for a client taking benazepril for hypertension?

assess for dizziness

which action will the nurse take after stopping the antibiotic infusion of a client who becomes restless and flushed, and begins to wheeze during the administration of an antibiotic?

assess the client's respiratory status

which ophthalmic solution is contraindicated for clients with glaucoma?

atropine because it dilates the pupil, increasing intraocular pressure

which medications would the nurse identify as being used as preanesthetic agents?

barbiturates and benzodiazepines

a client develops extrapyramidal effects after taking a neuroleptic medication, and the nurse notes extrapyramidal effects. which medication can limit these side effects?

benztropine mesylate helps control extrapyramidal tract symptoms

which food would the nurse encourage a client to eat while receiving treatment to prevent hypokalemia?

broccoli

which medication will the nurse expect the health care provider to prescribe to a client who had a thyroidectomy and is pale with spasms of the hand when taking the blood pressure?

calcium

which explantation would the nurse provide to a client with tuberculosis who asks why vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) is given with isoniazid?

isoniazid interferes with the synthesis of this vitamin

which adverse effect of metformin will a nurse teach a client with type 2 diabetes to monitor for when used as monotherapy?

lactic acidosis

which medication may lead to bruxism?

levomilnacipran

which instruction would the nurse provide to a client who has anxiety and depression and is prescribe venlafaxine ER tablets?

- do not crush the tablets - report any suicidal thoughts - the medication takes 3-4 weeks to work - do not suddenly stop taking the medication - taper your dose up to the required dose

which medication may cause Ebstein anomaly as a teratogenic effect and is contraindicated in breast-feeding clients?

lithium

what instructions should a client keep in mind when taking alendronate?

- given once a week - remain in an upright position for 30 minutes after taking the medication - refrain from eating right before they are given the med - take with a full glass of water - take in the morning

which assessment would the nurse perform for a 10 year old client prescribed methylphenidate to treat attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)?

- grades - weight - appetite - behavior - heart rate

which medication increases the risk for upper GI bleeding?

- aspirin - ibuprofen - methylprednisolone

which assessment the nurse perform before administering a dose of vancomycin to a client?

- creatinine - trough level - hearing ability - intravenous site - blood urea nitrogen

which data collection assessment would be performed to evaluate the effectiveness of furosemide administered to a client with congestive heart failure?

- daily weight - intake and output - monitor for edema - daily pulse oximetry - auscultate breath sounds

which statement by the nurse reflects teaching for a client recently initiated on anticonvulsants?

- it is important to take the medication at the same time every day with meals - it is important to not drink excessive amounts of caffeine-containing beverages or alcohol - avoid driving or hazardous activities until any side effects such as drowsiness can be determined - some anticonvulsants interfere with vitamin and mineral absorption - oral hygiene is important to combat the gingival hyperplasia that some medication can cause

which period of time would a nurse recognize as the greatest risk of hypoglycemia when caring for a client who receives regular insulin daily at 8:00 AM?

10:00 AM to 1:00 PM because regular insulin peaks in 2 to 5 hours

the nurse observed seizures in a client who is taking lithium for cycles of mania. which laboratory parameters may lead to this condition?

3 mEq/L (3 mmol/L) serum lithium levels because serum lithium levels exceeding 2.5 mEq/L (2.5 mmol/L) may cause seizures

a client who has been taking the prescribed dose of zolpidem for 5 days returns to the clinic for a follow up visit. which statement by the client indicates the medication has been effective?

I have been sleeping better

which client statement indicates that teaching about acetaminophen is effective?

I have to be careful about which over the counter cold preparations I take; many preparations contain acetaminophen and you should not exceed 3 to 4 g a day

which client statement demonstrates an understanding of cyanocobalamin (vitamin B12) prescribed for pernicious anemia?

I should have a vitamin B12 injection every month

which response would a nurse give to a client who takes furosemide and digoxin and reports that everything looks yellow?

I will hold the medication until I consult with your health care provider

which statement made by a client prescribed metformin extended release to control type 2 diabetes mellitus indicates the need for further education?

I will stop taking metformin for 24 hours before and after having a test involving dye (this medication must be withheld for 48 hour before the use of iodinated contrast materials to prevent lactic acidosis)

a client who is addicted to opioids undergoes emergency surgery. during the postoperative period, the health care provider decreases the previously prescribed methadone dosage. which clinical manifestations will the nurse monitor for when assessing this client

agitation and attempts to escape from the hospital

which action would the nurse take when administering tetracycline?

administer the medication at least an hour before ingestion of milk products; aluminum, magnesium, or calcium decrease absorption

which condition is contraindicated for St. John's wort herbal therapy?

St. John's wort is contraindicated for dementia and used to treat anxiety

how can the nurse prevent vomiting in a client who reports feeling nauseated after cataract surgery?

administer the prescribed antiemetic medication

which element, if missing from a newly admitted client's medication administration record (MAR), makes the record incomplete?

allergies

which medication will be crushed by a nurse caring for a client with difficulty swallowing?

acetaminophen extra strength

which clinical finding indicates that doxorubicin toxicity may have occurred?

alteration in cardiac rhythm

which response to fludrocortisone will the nurse teach a client with adrenal insufficiency to report?

edema and rapid weight gain