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Which question involves number comparison? Which flower is bigger—the red rose or the yellow sunflower? Are there more girls or more boys in the room? Who is taller, you or your brother? Is the horse bigger or smaller than the elephant?

Are there more girls or more boys in the room?

Which storybook might be most appropriate to teach part-whole concepts? Give Me Half! Rosie's Walk Shapes, Shapes, Shapes All About Where

Give Me Half!

Which statement indicates a quantity comparison? Tanya is tall, and Marta is short. Hosea has more cookies than Joanie. Austin is closer to the door than Paul. The dog is black, and the cat is white.

Hosea has more cookies than Joanie.

Which book would be most useful in helping children understand measurement? How Big Is a Foot? One Gorilla Today Is Monday It's Pumpkin Time

How Big Is a Foot?

Which comment is most likely to reinforce classification? Did you notice that Isaiah is shorter than Maria? Please give each of your classmates some clay. Let's see—we have two seeds to put in each cup. I see you have used all of the blue blocks.

I see you have used all of the blue blocks.

Which child is demonstrating one-to-one correspondence? Shelby, who is putting crayons back into the box Neville, who is seeing how high he can stack blocks Jonah, who is drawing pictures of the animals at the zoo Nathaniel, who is setting the table and placing one napkin at each plate

Nathaniel, who is setting the table and placing one napkin at each plate

Which child is dividing groups into parts? Lydia, who is naming parts of the body by looking at a diagram Phillippa, who is constructing and listing the rooms in a house Raul, who is giving each classmate two cookies from a jar Ron, who is peeling and separating an orange into four segments

Raul, who is giving each classmate two cookies from a jar

Which question is relevant to choosing objectives for a STEAM curriculum? Which materials should be used? Do the plan and the materials fit? What should the child learn next? Where is the child now?

What should the child learn next?

Which question best facilitates the measuring process? What was the temperature on Tuesday? Which object do you think is heavier? How are these animals organized? How are these things alike?

Which object do you think is heavier?

Which question will prompt children to make a prediction? What day is tomorrow? Will it sink or will it float? How many times will you sleep before Saturday? Whose turn is it to go first today?

Will it sink or will it float?

Which outcomes are most associated with engaging students in inquiry? a. Students develop dispositions to use the skills, abilities, and habits of mind associated with science and engineering. b. Students assist in the development of understanding scientific and engineering concepts. c. Students lay the foundation for process learning skills such as observing, inferring, and predicting. d. Students communicate the results of investigations and give explanations. e. Students develop an understanding of the nature of science and engineering.

a. Students develop dispositions to use the skills, abilities, and habits of mind associated with science and engineering. b. Students assist in the development of understanding scientific and engineering concepts. e. Students develop an understanding of the nature of science and engineering

Classification involves sorting and grouping. a. True b. False

a. True

Comparing is the basis for ordering. a. True b. False

a. True

Curiosity is the driving force behind problem solving in science. a. True b. False

a. True

One-to-one correspondence is the most fundamental component of the concept of number. a. True b. False

a. True

Rational counting requires the coordination of eyes, hands, speech, and memory. a. True b. False

a. True

Research with the isolated Amazon Mundurucu tribe suggests that, although tribe members do not have words for geometry, they have an understanding of geometry. a. True b. False

a. True

Rote counting typically develops before rational counting. a. True b. False

a. True

he science content for preschool is not specified in the national standards. a. True b. False

a. True

Which words are used to describe position? a. bottom b. through c. between d. on e. behind

a. bottom c. between d. on e. behind

Which figures are three-dimensional? a. cylinders b. circles c. rhombuses d. squares e. triangular prisms

a. cylinders e. triangular prisms

Gabriel is clearly looking for something to do, and his teacher, Ms. Jaffe, knows that he could use some practice with counting. She places a container of plastic dinosaurs on the table and asks Gabriel, "How many dinosaurs are in the bucket?" Which type of learning experience is Ms. Jaffe using? naturalistic informal adult-guided open-ended

adult-guided

When observations are written down in an organized way, they are called: interviews. portfolios. anecdotal records. performance-based assessments

anecdotal records.

Three-year-old Melida likes to imitate her father in the kitchen by measuring food items such as dried beans with measuring cups. Melida is learning about measurement through: standard units. comparison. arbitrary units. ordering.

arbitrary units.

Mr. Gonzales assesses his class during snack time by recording which children correctly distribute an equal share of a bag of pretzels to each classmate at their table. Which type of assessment is he using? visuospatial assessment assessment by observation assessment by objectives specific task assessment

assessment by observation

Oscar is sorting objects by who would use them, such as a farmer, a doctor, or an astronaut. Oscar is most likely sorting by: association. relevance. priority. class name

association

Comparison is the most fundamental scientific thinking process skill. a. True b. False

b. False

Informal learning experiences are those in which the child controls choice and action. a. True b. False

b. False

Rational counting refers to reciting numbers in order from memory. a. True b. False

b. False

What are some characteristics of good science and math materials? a. relevant to any objective b. developmentally appropriate c. pliable and easily recyclable d. specifically tailored to one activity e. safe for children to use independently

b. developmentally appropriate e. safe for children to use independently

Which characteristics are relevant scientific attitudes? a.creativity b. positive approach to failure c. diligence d. curiosity e. skepticism

b.positive approach to failure d.curiosity e.skepticism

Which actions illustrate the concept of classifying? a. pouring sand from one container to another b. counting the number of teacups needed for every child at a tea party c. placing square shapes in one pile and round shapes in another d. putting grapes in one bowl and blueberries in another e. inserting a car into each block structure representing a garage

c. placing square shapes in one pile and round shapes in another d. putting grapes in one bowl and blueberries in another

Which time word expresses duration? tomorrow calendar morning soon

calendar

Which activity involves classification? categorizing objects according to whether they sink or float singing the song "This Old Man" graphing the number of people in each student's family comparing amounts such as more and less

categorizing objects according to whether they sink or float

Which science process skill is most appropriate for preschool and primary students? classifying inferring hypothesizing separating variables

classifying

Which scientific thinking process skill begins when children group and sort real objects? classifying communicating comparing calculating

classifying

What is a typical developmental task of children in kindergarten? exploring the world through their senses collecting and recording observations climbing over and under large objects sorting things into piles based on color

collecting and recording observations

A child who is constructing a first-stage graph is most likely to: come up with a topic for the graph. compare two real objects. use paper squares to represent quantity. make a permanent record using pictures.

compare two real objects.

Ordering and patterning build on the skills of: comparing. chunking. counting. sorting.

comparing.

Which component is typically the most difficult part of creating an activity plan? concepts advanced preparation objectives extensions

concepts

During Piaget's concrete operations period of development, children begin to focus on: centration. object recognition. object permanence. conservation.

conservation

When Dora is asked to put blocks away so that they all fit in the appropriate box, she is using: distance. direction. construction. position.

construction

Which activity is most appropriate for developing an understanding of time? building with unit blocks creating a schedule pictograph lining up for games developing patterns and ordered sequences

creating a schedule pictograph

The National Council of Teachers of Mathematics (NCTM) focuses on which assessment principles? a. providing paper-and-pencil tests b. excluding calculators from the assessment process c. tracking students relative to their apparent capability d.integrating assessment into everyday activities e. enhancing student communication skills

d. integrating assessment into everyday activities e. enhancing student communication skills

Which art activity uses number sense and counting? drawing pictures using thick lines and thin lines drawing groups of related items designing a collage using five circles and five squares selecting and organizing collage materials

designing a collage using five circles and five squares

Words such as up, down, forward, and backward are used to describe: construction. direction. position. distance.

direction

Rochelle's classmate, Samuel, has gone upstairs to the nurse's office. When Rochelle is asked, "Which way did Samuel go?," she is being asked about: construction. direction. distance. position

direction.

Manuel is shown a picture depicting five squares and a single circle. He is asked to pick out the shape that is different from the others. Which task is Manuel performing? matching labeling discrimination sorting

discrimination

Science educators refer to interview questions used during an assessment of a child's knowledge and skills as: skill identifiers. introspection probes. shaping stimuli. formative assessment probes.

formative assessment probes.

Ms. Lacey designs problem-solving scenarios for her class in which the children go through a process of self-generated questions. What is the term for this process? conceptualization heuristics operationalization analytics

heuristics

Which science process skill is most appropriate for middle-level grades? inferring communicating classifying predicting

inferring

Which type of teaching balances child-guided and adult-guided teaching with specific goals and objectives? operational teaching intentional teaching divergent teaching intuitive teaching

intentional teaching

Research on the neural basis of numbers and fractions indicates that the information is processed in the: corpus callosum. dorsomedial hypothalamus. fourth ventricle. intraparietal sulcus.

intraparietal sulcus.

The Common Core State Standards expectation is that children will be able to classify objects and count the number of objects in each category by the end of: second grade. first grade. kindergarten. prekindergarten.

kindergarten

The youngest grade level covered by the Next Generation Science Standards is: kindergarten. prekindergarten. second grade. first grade.

kindergarten

Science teaching at the prekindergarten level is traditionally dominated by: earth and space sciences. physical science. engineering and applied sciences. life science.

life science.

Which activity illustrates one-to-one correspondence? using fat crayons and thin crayons marching in pairs placing marbles into a container sorting objects by color

marching in pairs

Which comparison is a number comparison? more/fewer taller/shorter heavier/lighter younger/older

more/fewer

The current focus in mathematics problem solving is on providing more: adult-guided problems. nonroutine problems. discrete problems. one-step problems.

nonroutine problems.

The best tool for enhancing children's understanding of awareness is: observation. prediction. classification. measurement

observation

Which assessment method is most useful in determining how children use concepts in their everyday activities? checklists and rubrics observation informal conversation portfolio collection

observation

Mr. Garcia's class takes a field trip to the zoo. He asks his students, "Which animals seem to spend the most time in water? In what ways do the animals seem to react to things like light or shadow or an object in their surroundings?" Which scientific thinking process skill is Mr. Garcia asking his students to illustrate? comparing observing communicating measuring

observing

Jonas has been given a set of cards, each of which contains between one dot and five dots. His teacher, Ms. Bari, asks him to place them in order. By doing so, he will learn the concept of: one more than. identification. classification. correspondence.

one more than.

The process of comparing more than two items is called: ordering or seriation. sequencing or seriation. chunking or ordering. chaining or ordering.

ordering or seriation.

"Concepts" allow people to: organize and categorize information. follow concrete steps to arrive at a solution. come up with definitive answers to questions. excel in routine developmental tasks.

organize and categorize information

The basis of algebraic thinking is the idea of: ordering. seriation. patterning. chaining

patterning.

Asking early childhood students "What will happen when the butter is heated?" is the first step toward: observing. predicting. classifying. comparing.

predicting

According to the Next Generation Science Standards, the essence of learning for children lies in the: memorization of facts. process of inquiry. development of skills. consolidation of data.

process of inquiry.

Definitions of shapes appear to be solidified by age: seven. four. five. two

seven.

Which time word is relational? soon afternoon minutes day

soon

Benito is making a graph that illustrates how many of his classmates prefer cake, and how many prefer cookies. He is using pictures of cakes and cookies to represent the quantities. What stage of graph making does Benito's work illustrate? stage one preparatory stage stage two stage three

stage two

When it comes to science concepts, Frances and David Hawkins recommend that the teacher: incorporate videos. organize formal instruction. start with nature. limit investigation.

start with nature

Fractions are included in the _____ Common Core Standards for Mathematics. third-grade kindergarten first-grade second-grade

third-grade

A child is first able to measure using arbitrary units during the ____ stage of development. preoperational transitional concrete operational sensorimotor

transitional

Which skill do preschool, kindergarten, and primary grade children need to develop scientific inquiry skills? employing complicated equipment and tools to gather data conducting complex investigations independently using data to construct reasonable explanations using data to refute alternative explanations

using data to construct reasonable explanations