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Surgical closure of the patent ductus arteriosus would do which of the following?
Prevent the return of oxygenated blood to the lungs
Following the acute inflammatory phase of rheumatic fever, which of the following cardiac pathologies is evident?
Valvulitis with the most affected valve being the mitral valve
A child with hemophilia presents with a burning sensation in the knee and reluctance to move the body part. The nurse prepares the factor replacement infusion and
- Institute rest, ice, compression and elevation (RICE)
Which of the following is most often used to treat clubfoot?
Serial casting
You are caring for a child who is on diuretics and digoxin. Prior to giving the medication you assess the child and find bradycardia and a ventricular arrhythmia. The child explains complains of nausea and wants to vomit. What is most likely explanation for the signs and symptoms?
Digitalis toxicity
Chelation therapy is being done on a child that has had multiple blood transfusions over the past two years. The purpose of this drug therapy is to do which of the following?
Eliminate excess iron
Which of the following indicates the flow of blood in the human body?
Flows from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure and takes the path of least resistance
Which parental statements regarding precipitating factors for sickle-cell disease indicate correct understanding of the discharge information presented by the nurse? Select all that apply.
- "We should provide acetaminophen or ibuprofen to treat fever." - "Our child needs to drink lots of fluid to avoid dehydration when playing sports." - "High altitudes can cause exacerbation and should be avoided."
An infant with tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is having a hypercyanotic episode ("tet" spell). Which nursing interventions are appropriate? Select all that apply.
- Administer oxygen. - Place the child in knee-chest position. - Administer morphine and propranolol intravenously as ordered.
Which clinical manifestations should the nurse expect when assessing a pediatric client who is diagnosed with congenital hip dysplasia (CHD)? Select all that apply.
- Limited adduction of the affected hip - Asymmetry of thigh fat folds - Telescoping of the thigh
Which of the following heart defects is a defect that increases pulmonary blood flow? SATA
- Patent Ductus Arteriosus - Atrial Septal defect - VSD - AV canal or PDA
Which clinical manifestations should the nurse monitor for when conducting a scoliosis screening for a school-age child? Select all that apply.
- Prominent scapula - A one-sided rib hump - Uneven shoulders and hips
Which of the following can be observed in children with scoliosis and not in children who do not have this condition?
- Truncal asymmetry - Uneven shoulder and hip height - A one-sided rib hump - Prominent scapula
The ductus arteriosus in the full-term newborn begins to close within 12 hours after birth and will normally be closed within what time frame?
2 to 3 weeks
A diagnosis of hemophilia A is confirmed in an infant. Which of the following instructions should the nurse provide the parents as the infant becomes more mobile and stars to crawl?
Sew thick padding into the elbows and knees of the child's clothing.
When assessing a child for any possible cardiac anomalies, the nurse takes the right arm blood pressure (BP) and the BP in one of the legs. She finds that the right arm BP is greater than that found in the childs leg. The nurse reacts to these findings in which of the following ways?
Suspects the child may have coarctation of the aorta
The nurse is reviewing laboratory findings for a 2-year-old being treated for anemia. Which findings is the best indication that goals for this client have been met?
The child is more active.
The parents of an infant diagnosed with sickle-cell disease ask, "How did our child get this disease? Neither one of us has it." Which should the nurse consider when responding to the parents?
The mother and the father of the child have the sickle-cell trait.
The parents of a child with sickle cell anemia are concerned about subsequent children having the disease. The nurse should know that with each pregnancy
There is a 25% chance
What is the purpose of the ductus arteriosus while the fetus is developing in utero?
To divert blood from the fetal lungs to the fetal aorta
When a person has infective endocarditis (IE), the infective organisms enter the blood and lodge and grow on the endocardium, forming what is generally referred to as:
Vegetations
53. The nurse is preparing to receive a child from the recovery room. The child has had corrective surgery for clubfoot and is on a cast. The nurse will be prepared to do which of the following interventions upon receiving the child and transferring him to the hospital bed?
Perform neurovascular checks q2h for the first 24hrs. Apply ice packs to foot, keep ankles and foot elevated for 24hrs. Check for drainage and bleeding. Admin pain meds. Monitor child's extremity for complications (color, temperature).
An infant with tetralogy of Fallot is having a hypercyanotic episode ("tet" spell). Appropriate management of tetralogy of Fallot includes:
Place the child in knee-chest position Administer oxygen. Administer morphine and propranolol intravenously as ordered.
A 13-year-old has been admitted with a diagnosis of rheumatic fever and he's on bed rest. He has a sore throat. His joints are painful and swollen. He has a red rash on his trunk and is experiencing aimless movements of his extremities. His 8:00 AM vitals are 100.4 F, 110, 20, 110/80. His 12-noon vital are 99 F, 140, 24, 118/82. What should the nurse do first?
Prophylactic antibiotics/ penicillin
A 10-month-old child with iron deficiency anemia is scheduled for a complete blood count. The nurses anticipates that the report will show which characteristics of the red blood cells (RBCs)?pp
Rbc that are microcytic and hypochromic
The nurse is teaching parents about care for their child after cardiac surgery. The nurse includes in the information that any child who has undergone cardiac surgery should:
Receive prophylactic antibiotics for any dental oral or upper respiratory tractb procedures.
A 12-year-old boy with Duchenne's muscular dystrophy is being seen in the clinic for a routine health visit. An appropriate nursing diagnosis for this patient would be:
Risk for impaired mobility related to hypertrophy of muscle
What is the most appropriate method to use when drawing blood from a child with hemophilia?
Schedule all labs to be drawn at one time.
. In assessing a heart murmur in an infant with a patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), the nurse is most likely to note a:
Washing machine murmur
Children with Duchenne muscular dystrophy usually follow which of the following courses?
Wheelchair bound by 12; death usually occurs by adolescence from respiratory or cardiac arrest
A young child admitted to the hospital with a bleeding disorder is diagnosed with idiopathic Thrombocytopenia purpura (ITP). The child's mother says to the nurse," I have a friend who has a son with him aphelia. When he bleeds, they give him a 'factor', which they keep in their home refrigerator. Can we just give my child this factor?" Which response by the nurse will be best?
Your friend child has a natural deficiency in clotting factor, your child does not
The nurse caring for a child who has had a heart catheterization is aware that the childs activity level is:
Bed rest with the affected extremity straight for 4 to 8 hours, subject to hospital policy and physicians orders
A pregnant woman tells the nurse that she has family history of sickle cell anemia and is afraid her baby will be born with the disease. The nurse will provide which information during this discussion about sickle cell anemia a autosomal recessive disorder with this client?
Both the mother and father have to carry the defective gene for the child to have sickle cell anemia
An infant has just returned from surgery for correction of bilateral congenital clubfeet. The infant has bilateral long leg casts. The toes on both feet appear edematous, the color is pale, sensitivity is dull and there is no movement to them
Call the HCP
Which of the following terms describes the nurses finding that the angle between the nail and the nail bed of a child has been lost and the fingertips are wider and rounder?
Clubbing
While assessing a child the nurse finds hepatomegaly. The nurse is aware that this condition is most associated with which of the following?
Congestive heart failure
The nurse is caring for a premature infant who is receiving an infusion of a substance in an attempt to close a patent ductus arteriosus. The nurse will explain to the mother that this substance is:
Indomethacin, which inhibits the synthesis of prostaglandin, the substance that maintains the patency of the ductus arteriosus
Which of the following is a complication that may occur after cardiac catheterization?
- Cardiac arrhythmia - Bleeding - Hematoma development - Infection
The nurse admits a child with a ventricular septal defect (VSD) to the pediatric unit. Which is the priority nursing diagnosis for this child?
Impaired Gas Exchange related to pulmonary congestion secondary to the increased pulmonary blood flow
Which of the following should the nurse expect to administer to a child with ITPand a platelet count of 5000/mm3?
Intravenous immunoglobulin
The nurse explains to the parents of a 1-year-old admitted to the hospital in sickle cell crisis that the local tissue damages the child has on admission is caused by which of the following?
Obstruction to circulation
In fetal circulation, once the blood has entered the heart, most blood will bypass the fetal lungs via the :
Ductus arteriosus
The most common cause of congestive heart failure (CHF) in older children is:
Acquired heart disease
When the nurse is assessing an infant suspected of having his dysplasia of the hip, which of the following would be most consistent with the first signs and symptoms of that diagnosis?
A distinct "clunk" is heard with Barlow and Ortolani maneuvers. (quizlet) · Asymmetry of the gluteal and thigh skinfold
Which initial laboratory data does the nurse anticipate for a child who is admitted to the hospital with a cyanotic heart defect?
A high hemoglobin Or The nurse has admitted a child with cyanotic heart defects. The nurse would expect to find the initial lab result to show a: RBC red blood cell
A child has just returned from surgery after a spinal fusion surgery for scoliosis at the thoracic level. The nurse should check for signs of
Impaired color, sensitivity, and movement to the lower extremities
Children with defects with decreased pulmonary blood flow frequently have which of the following symptoms?
Hhypoxia, cyanosis (hypercyanotic spell), polycythemia, erythrocytosis Or Cyanosis, hypercyanotic spells, poor weight gain, polycythemia.
A 16-year-old child has undergone a lumbar laminectomy for scoliosis today. Which nursing diagnosis has the highest priority for this patient?
Impaired physical mobility
Which is the priority teaching point for the nurse to include in the discharge instructions for the parents of a child who was admitted in a sickle-cell crisis?
Adequate hydration or drink at least 2 quarts of fluids per day
When a newborn has a transposition of the great arteries (TGA), the only chance for survival is:
An intra-atrial connection such as a patent ductus arteriosus that allows mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood
Acute rheumatic fever follows which of the following health problems?
An untreated or partially treated group A streptococcal pharyngitis
The nurse caring for a 7-year-old child who has undergone a cardiac catheterization 2 hours ago finds the dressing and bed saturated with blood. The nurse should first:
Apply pressure just above the catheter insertion site
Which finding, noted during the newborn admission assessment, would lead the nurse to suspect unilateral congenital hip dysplasia?
Asymmetry of the gluteal and thigh fat folds
