2nd year materials lift truck power systems 270401I

Explain battery circuit

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Describe parts of a cell element

1) A positive plate group 2)A negative play group 3)plate separators

What are the four fuel types used an internal combustion engine

1) LPG or liquid petroleum gas propane 2) Diesel 3) gasoline 4) CNG or compressed natural gas

What are the advantages to it internal combustion engine

1) More horsepower 2) greater lifting capacity 3)constant performance level 4)operates for longer periods of time 5)quick refuelling time don't have to wait for batteries to charge and cool down however you have to store if you are on your promises

What are the battery charging safety precautions

1) allow the battery to cool down before you begin charging process 2)why are personal protection equipment chemical splash goggles or full face shield along with safety glasses equipped with side shields acid proof apron made of rubber or near Prame acid proof clubs made of rubber or near Prame acid resistant safety shoes or boots 3) don't allow smoking in the charging area 4) avoid causing sparks in the charging area 5) do not attach your unit to a charger with the wrong voltage or amperage rating as this can cause extensive electrical damage to the unit 6)when you attach or detached cables be sure to do so with the power off and ensure that the cable is connecting and do not have exposed wires 7)i'm sure the battery is secured tightly in position and that the prescribed battery cover is in place

What are the two battery charging systems

1) conventional trickle charge or slow charge 8hrs 2) fast charging In either case the type of battery must match the type of charger

Advantages to fast charge systems

1) do not require a second or third battery 2)do not require you to change the battery in and out of the little truck 3) read deuce the chance of injury since they involve less handle it 4) May abolish the need for a battery maintenance technician 5) increase productivity because they decrease lift trucks downtown 6) we provide more storage space because they illuminate the battery storage and changing areas

Fast charging methods include

1) fast charge one quarter of the regular time 2)opportunity charge used when I'm on break this will require full charges from time to time as to not lower the full charging capability of the battery 3) high frequency charge special chargers take regular current and modifies it more efficient and uses less electricity 4) re-generational charge charges while it operates or steps on brakes example a hybrid car still needs to bring up to a full charge from time to time

What are the components on a propane cylinder and their functions

1) filler valve "connects to the valve to deliver fuel into the tank" 2) filler valve dust cap "protects the filler valve and keep dirt out" 3) float gauge "indicates the LPG level" 4) maximum liquid level gauge"indicates that the cylinder is full" 5) pressure relief valve"relieves excess pressure in the cylinder" 6)weather cap"protects the valve from the elements" 7) liquid service valve"connects to the fuel supply line 8) fuel supply line"K'NEX to the fuel system mixer

Batteries affect due to temperature

1) freezing. Changes with level of charge 2) they perform better when warm 3) he discharges or taking the battery to zero charge is the most damaging thing to your battery 4) electrolyte levels exposed plates overheat due to the lack of electrolyte covering them the electrolyte acts as a coolant

What are the two power sources styles for lift trucks

1) ice or internal combustion engine 2) Electric motors

How should propane cylinders be stored

1) must be stored in a well ventilated area outside 2) in the locked storage area 3) never store above 50°C and keep out of the sun 4) propane is heavier than air it will increase in volume 270 times never feel tanks more than 80% and can cause death

Battery charging must take place in a designated battery charging area this area must include the following

1) proper ventilation this will prevent the buildup of hydrogen gas during the charging process 2) posted warning signs 3) personal protection equipment including chemical splash goggles or full face shield along with safety glasses equipped with side shields and an acid proof apron and gloves made of rubber or neoprene 4) adequate fire protection 5)I sufficient supply of water to wash , float and neutralize electrolytes spills 6) and I wash station 7) A shower 8) electrolyte neutralizing materials such as baking soda or soda ash

The following morning signs indicate there's a problem with the battery

1) there is an order of rotten eggs 2) battery does not last for the normal amount of time 6 to 8 hours 3) The battery housing is hot this indicates an internal electrical short 4) battery connecter is hot this indicates an electrical short

What must you do before filling a propane cylinder

1) you must be certified 2) consult the material safety data sheet or MSDS 3) where personal protective equipment such as gloves and eye protection 4) avoid contact with liquid propane as it can cause frostbite

What are the components of a lead acid battery

1)Plate grades 2) positive plates 3) negative plates 4)Plate separators 5) elements 6) electrolyte 7)battery case 8) battery cells

What are the three phases of a battery

1)Power equipment phase 2)recharging phase 3)cooling after recharge phase

battery series connections have several characteristics

1)as sells connected in series the voltage of batteries increases 2)each cell of a lead acid based battery produce is approximately 2.1 V at home church 3) A six cell lead acid battery produces approximately 12.6 balls

And electrical load on a battery cause a chemical reaction to occur within the battery sell this chemical reaction involves what steps

1)current flows in the pasta plate to the negative played through the connecting conductor in bulb 2)sulphate from the electrolyte combines with both positive and negative plates 3oxygen from the positive plate moves into the electrolyte 4)both sulphate and oxygen become ions "or charging molecules" in the electrolyte 5)both positive and negative plates change to lead sulphate 6)The electrolyte gives up the lead sulphide to the plates and oxygen enters the electrolyte the concentration of oxygen in the electrolyte increases as a result 7)The hydrogen the remains from the sulphuric acid combines with the oxygen in the electrolyte to form water and excessive discharge rate produces excess oxygen and hydrogen fumes that vent into the atmosphere this result eventually and low electrolyte concentration levels 8)The chemical reaction continues until all the material and both positive and negative plates changed to lead sulphide

Describe the process chemical reaction during recharging

1)current from the charger flows into the positive plate and exits from the negative played 2)sulphate leaves the plates and returns to the electrolyte 3)oxygen in the electoral he combines with the positive plate 4)The negative plate becomes PB 5)and the positive play becomes PBO2

For a effects temperatures have on batteries

1)freezing temperature 2)performance 3)ampere hour rating 4) specific gravity

What is used to power an electric motor on a lift truck

1)hydrogen fuel cell 2) A lead acid battery

The manufacturer is responsible for stamping it with the required information and the information located on the cylinder ring collar should include

1)manufacturer's name 2) serial number 3)tear weight in pounds or kilograms 4)water capacity in pounds 5)specification identification 6)date of manufacture 7)read test date if the cylinder has been re-qualified 8)Company name of the owner of the cylinder if we quired manufacturer stamps the tank with their names

What are the advantages to an electric powered lift truck

1)they are environmentally friendly 2)operate quietly 3)are pollution free 4)are more compact and able to work in confined areas and the narrow aisles of a warehouse

What are the disadvantages of an electric powered the truck

1)they lose power is the battery discharges 2)Lost production during battery changes 3)they require the purchase of at least one additional battery she can operate the lift truck and replace the battery simultaneously 4)you must dispose of the battery at the end of his life

The factors the reduce battery life and performances can be considered enemies of batteries they consist of

1)under charging 2)overcharging 3)deep discharging 4) electrolyte levels

How many volts electricity will each cell be capable of producing

2.1 V

Describe a positive plates

A party like mixture of lead lead outside lead sulphide and water coats a positive plate grid go through if the real caring and drying process in a rigidly controlled environment they are connected to each other with a plate strap and form a positive plate group

Explain how the elements are configured

A positive plate is more chemically active than a negative plate placing in the negative plate on each side or positively distributes the chemical action you will need to both sides of the positive plate replacement means there is always one more negatively than positive plates in a cell element having a negative plate on each side of a positive plate repents to previous plate from warping and shedding material as a result of excess heat on one side only

What is a hydrometer

A tool used to check the specific gravity of a liquid. draw the electrolyte in until the float is suspended in the liquid. You can then observe the liquid level on the float. The measurement is the specific gravity reading . A thermometer on the hydrometer reads the temperature of the electrolyte and displays the necessary corrections to the spacific gravity

What is a hydrogen fuel cell

And electrical device that converts oxygen and hydrogen into electricity. Telling time is only several minutes compared to 20 minutes it take to change out a battery hydrogen fuel cells are becoming more popular with companies that value and environmentally friendly option

Describe plate separators

Ari are pores in order to allow electrolytes to move freely the most common separation method is to place the positive played in micro-porous envelopes a bottom plate boot prevents the electrical shorting that can occur when shed plate materials collect at the bottom of the battery case and touch the bottom of the plates

Ampere hour Rating means

Batteries ability to supply power the amp hear our capacity is the number of camp here hours and a battery delivers specific temperature rate and discharge and final voltage

How long can a battery run on a single charge and how long does it take to charge

Between five and six hours of continuous use before we need to be recharged charging takes about eight hours most manufacturers also recommend additional eight hours cooling time before battery is used

Batteries contain electrolytes which is a mixture of sulphuric acid and water what can happen if it comes in contact with your skin

Can burn or disfigure

Damage caused by overcharging

Causes you like relates to evaporate thereby lowering the electrolyte levels in the battery

What is the purpose of the dip tube

Comes into the propane cylinder to pull liquid propane out where he can be injected into combustion engine

Describe the battery case

Consist of impact resistant plastic that can withstand acid and thermal shock bridges at the bottom of the case support the plate groups in the reserve space at the top of the case allows electrolytes to cover the elements

Describe plate grids

Consist of lead alloy with antimony added to strengthen the grid and prevent it from sagging or warping. lead alloy grade material is not active in the chemical action of the battery. Are basically the skeleton of your positive and negative plates.

Describe the battery cells

Consists of an element submerged in an electrolyte

Disadvantages to the internal combustion engine

Creates exhaust fumes

What to consider when charging a battery

Do not under discharge batteries below 80% of the rated capacity frequent overcharging can charging battery life significantly

Describe electrolytes

Electrolytes provide a chemical reaction with in a battery cell water and sulphuric acid combine to form the electrolyte by mass, the approximate composition is 36% sulphuric acid and 64% water. electrolyte must cover the plate groups at all times to provide maximum battery capacity.

Battery temperature should not exceed 46°C 115 Fahrenheit during charging

Excessive amount of hydrogen gas is produced hydrogen gas in the presence of oxygen is very explosive any source ignition near the charging battery may cause an explosion the charging area must have adequate ventilation

Why should you use a battery maintenance record

For warranty purposes the technician must document the condition of the battery and all maintenance and service to the battery should include the battery number the month the amount of cycles or charges the date the specific gravity in the specific gravity out if water was added and who the maintenance worker was doing the work

What is the battery tugger

Has a magnetic on the polls the battery into the tiger and pushes the battery off into a lift truck or on to a charging rack

Describe negative plates

Have a similar construction to a positive plate. However negative please receive a code of lead oxide that contains an expander this produces a sponge lead which forms an active material on the negative plate like positive plates they go through curing and drying process in originally controlled environment they also connect to each other with a plate strap to form a negative plate group

Electric power systems that use lead acid industrial storage batteries to power electric porters can use either

In altering current AC battery or a direct current easy time battery and come in a variety of all the streets additional motors on electric lift trucks our other functions such as the hydraulics tilting lifting the steering and other attachment systems

What is another purpose of the battery

It acts as part of the counterbalance

In what position can you refill the propane cylinder

It can be done on the forklift and either in the vertical or horizontal position

What is the orientation hall and pin and what is it used for

It is the hole on the side of the propane bottle and the pin that lines up with that whole it is used to ensure the valve is lined up properly to connects to the hose without causing damage and ensures that the dip tube is positioned properly

Battery charging station housekeeping suggestions

Keep the area clean and be sure to use the right charging station for your piece equipment never leave a battery service can cause a short or problems if using a battery tugger

Damage charged by low electrolyte levels

Lowey electrolyte levels reduce the batteries capacity because the top of the battery plate is exposed

What should you always do before leaving your LGP forklift or changing a cylinder

Make sure that the cylinder service valve is turned off

Newer cylinders are metric and manufactures build them to TC or transport Canada specifications

Page 9 of the ILM

Failure to equalize result in

Reduced battery runtime and eventual failure due to sulphstion stratification and an imbalance capacity between the cells

Damage caused by undercharging

Results in residual sulphation because not all of the active material returns to the positive please I need to charge this increases the chance of premature battery failure

Damage caused by deep discharging

The most damaging problem as it overheats the battery it results in decreased and beer our capacity shorter lifespans increases efficiency and an increased chance shortage

How specific gravity impacts the battery

The specific gravity of electrolytes raises as the concentration. Casted rises during the charging process by measuring the specific gravity of the electoral are you can you tell me the battery state of charge he fully charged battery has a specific gravity of 1.2 801.295 at 25°C for 77°F

Why for electric trucks preferred for indoor operations

They are quieter and do not permit pollution

2nd year materials lift truck

power systems 270401I