32,33,34 AEMT
After determining that a patient intentionally took an overdose of blood pressure medications, which of the following questions by the AEMT would be MOST appropriate? A) "How many did you take?" B) "Are you on other medications?" C) "Why did you take so many?" D) "Were you confused about the proper dose?"
A) "How many did you take?"
You have been called to a residence for a 31-year-old patient complaining of confusion, nausea, vomiting, and a headache. He states that this started this morning and has been getting worse all day. Despite lying in bed and resting all day, he is more fatigued than before. Which of the following statements made by the patient would the AEMT recognize as MOST important in relation to the patient's present complaint? A) "I just turned the furnace on last night." B) "I have not been sleeping well the past few nights." C) "I tried some raw seafood last week." D) "My wife is taking penicillin, to which I am allergic."
A) "I just turned the furnace on last night."
The AEMT correctly defines a multiple-casualty incident (MCI) when he states: A) "It is any event that places an excessive demand on rescue personnel and equipment." B) "It occurs any time that five or more people are injured and require transport to different hospitals." C) "It occurs any time the incident requires the medical director to leave the hospital and direct activities on-scene." D) "It occurs when the number of patients requiring care is greater than 10."
A) "It is any event that places an excessive demand on rescue personnel and equipment."
Following a large wedding, health authorities announce that some of the food was contaminated with salmonella. Consequently, your EMS service receives notice that there may be a significant number of calls involving food poisoning. A new AEMT asks you how to treat those with food poisoning. You would reply: A) "You should treat the patient based on his signs and symptoms, just like any other ingested poison." B) "After assessing the patient, the administration of activated charcoal can be effective if there are no obvious contraindications." C) "The primary role of EMS in this situation is merely to transport to the hospital." D) "If the patient has a fever, we can administer a medication to make him vomit to get the food out of his system."
A) "You should treat the patient based on his signs and symptoms, just like any other ingested poison."
Medical direction has ordered the administration of activated charcoal to a three-year-old boy. What dose would be MOST appropriate? A) 1 gram/kilogram B) 0.5 mg/kilogram C) 50 grams D) 100 mg
A) 1 gram/kilogram
You are transporting a 54-year-old man who was working in his yard spraying a pesticide called Parathion. Although he was using a particulate respirator, he suddenly started experiencing dizziness, severe abdominal cramps, and vomiting. What is MOST likely route of toxic exposure? A) Absorption B) Injection C) Inhalation D) Ingestion
A) Absorption
A patient has taken a friend's prescription of Restoril and has become extremely lethargic, exhibits slurred speech, and is semiconscious. Which medication might medical direction advise you to administer? A) Activated charcoal B) Thiamine C) Diazepam D) Naloxone
A) Activated charcoal
An 89-year-old woman with dementia who is being cared for by her daughter after a pipe-bomb explosion and exhibits deformity to her left upper arm. As you attempt to splint her arm, she continually screams and pulls away from you. After several attempts, your BEST course of action should be to: A) Have the daughter help apply the splint B) Gently restrain the patient and apply the splint C) Contact advanced life support for assistance D) Transport without a splint and document that splinting was attempted
A) Have the daughter help apply the splint
What is the MOST common route of entry for toxic substances? A) Ingestion B) Inhalation C) Injection D) Absorption
A) Ingestion
What method of entry of a toxin results in rapid absorption of the agent through the alveolar-capillary membrane? A) Inhalation B) Injection C) Absorption D) Ingestion
A) Inhalation
Which level of trauma center commits resources to address all types of specialty trauma 24 hours a day, 7 days a week? A) Level I B) Level II C) Level III D) Level IV
A) Level I
A young child involved in a multiple-casualty incident is found lying on the ground with obvious deformity to the left thigh. Using the Jump START system for triage, you note that he is not breathing. Which one of the following should you do next? A) Open the airway, and then check for a radial pulse B) Provide 30 seconds of positive pressure ventilation C) Tag the patient as red, and then move him to the treatment area D) Tag the patient as black, and then move to the next one
A) Open the airway, and then check for a radial pulse
A natural gas explosion has destroyed an apartment building. At least five occupants have been killed and another 12 injured. You are in charge of triage and are presented with a young woman who is breathing at a rate of 40 breaths per minute. Using the Simple Triage and Rapid Transport (START) system for triaging, you should immediately: A) Place a red tag on the patient and move on to the next patient B) Apply oxygen with a nonrebreather face mask C) Check for a radial pulse and capillary refill D) Start positive pressure ventilation
A) Place a red tag on the patient and move on to the next patient
Approximately 15 trucks and cars have been involved in a "chain-reaction" collision. You are the first ambulance on the scene and begin going from vehicle to vehicle to determine the type and severity of each injury. This would be an example of what kind of triage? A) Primary B) Secondary C) Emergency D) Tertiary
A) Primary
You have been assigned to the triage unit at a multiple-casualty incident. A patient with a yellow triage tag arrives. Your immediate action should be to: A) Re-triage the patient B) Arrange for immediate transport C) Obtain vital signs D) Change the tag to green
A) Re-triage the patient
What medication is indicated for the presence of alcohol intoxication to address possible encephalopathy? A) Thiamine B) Romazicon C) Valium D) Narcan
A) Thiamine
You are using the Simple Triage and Rapid Transport (START) system of triage. Which one of the following patients should have a yellow tag applied prior to being moved to the treatment area? A) Woman with a respiratory rate of 22, palpable radial pulse, and squeezes your fingers when instructed B) Man with a respiratory rate of 40, palpable radial pulse, and squeezes your fingers when instructed C) Woman with agonal respirations, no radial pulse, and unresponsive mental status D) Woman with a respiratory rate of 8, no radial pulse, and unresponsive mental status
A) Woman with a respiratory rate of 22, palpable radial pulse, and squeezes your fingers when instructed
The National Incident Management System (NIMS) is beneficial in an emergency response to a disaster or terror attack because it provides for: A) a consistent approach to managing a disaster by many different responders and agencies. B) specific codes and terms to enhance communications between EMS, fire, and law enforcement personnel. C) increased funding and reimbursement for any EMS agency involved in a disaster response. D) federal government control of any disaster scene regardless of location.
A) a consistent approach to managing a disaster by many different responders and agencies.
Entry of a substance through a break in the skin is known as: A) injection. B) inhalation. C) ingestion. D) surface absorption.
A) injection.
When managing a patient that has been exposed to a poisonous substance, the FIRST priority of the AEMT is to: A) perform a primary assessment. B) induce vomiting. C) administer activated charcoal. D) identify the poison.
A) perform a primary assessment.
The trauma system is based on the principle that serious trauma is a: A) surgical disease B) medical disease C) psychological disease D) mental disease
A) surgical disease
The fifth leading cause of death in persons of all age groups is: A) unintentional injury B) cardiovascular disease C) heart attack D) cancer
A) unintentional injury
An injury that results from the transmission of energy of an object rather than the object itself BEST describes: A) Blunt trauma B) Penetrating trauma C) Trauma D) Newton's first law
Answer: A - Blunt trauma
The mechanism of injury that suggests transport to a trauma center is: A) Ejection from a vehicle B) Vehicle impact at a speed greater than 20 mph C) Extrication time of less than 20 minutes D) A fall from a distance twice the patient's height
Answer: A - Ejection from a vehicle
A teenage female patient has been ejected from a car as it rolled down a hill. She is responsive, but with signs of early shock. She has bruising to her anterior abdomen, a laceration to her left temple, and deformity to he left wrist. At what point should the wrist injury be splinted? A) En route to the hospital B) Before transferring to the stretcher C) Just before leaving the scene D) Prior to immobilizing the patient
Answer: A - En route to the hospital
The AEMT should gain a general impression of the trauma victim based on: A) Level of responsiveness and ABC evaluation B) Bystander reaction C) MOI and hazard identification D) Dispatch information
Answer: A - Level of responsiveness and ABC evaluation
A "whiplash" type neck injury is MOST often observed with what type of collision? A) Rear-end impact B) Frontal impacts C) Rollover D) Ejection
Answer: A - Rear-end impact
A patient, who was constructing a bomb in his basement, has sustained a secondary phase blast injury. Which of the following presentations would the AEMT MOST likely observe? A) Screwdriver impaled in the arm B) Burns to the head, neck, and chest C) Headache and shortness of breath D) Complaint of nausea after inhaling fumes
Answer: A - Screwdriver impaled in the arm
A patient has been critically hurt in a nighttime motor vehicle collision. She was wearing a seatbelt and hit a tree at 70 mph. The car she was driving weighed two tons and was equipped with airbags that did deploy. Which of the following had the greatest impact on her being injured? A) Speed of the vehicle at impact B) Nighttime conditions C) Deployment of airbags D) Weight of the vehicle
Answer: A - Speed of the vehicle at impact
When determining the mechanism of injury, you will identify: A) The forces involved in the accident B) The number of patients C) The need for additional resources D) The person who caused the accident
Answer: A - The forces involved in the accident
In the case of trauma patients, the ideal goal for completing on-scene procedures and initiating transport is: A) Under 10 minutes B) Set by medical direction C) One hour D) Between 20 to 30 minutes
Answer: A - Under 10 minutes
After assessing the following patients, which would the AEMT identify as suffering from multisystems trauma? A) 31-year-old woman; large laceration to her leg from a hunting knife; bleeding controlled B) 61-year-old man; became dizzy and fell down five stairs; laceration to the head; open fracture to the left lower leg C) 89-year-old woman fell in a nursing home; hematoma to the back of her head D) 24-year-old man; slipped on ice; tenderness to the right shoulder
Answer: B - 61-year-old man; became dizzy and fell down five stairs; laceration to the head; open fracture to the left lower leg
Two cars have collided head on. One car was traveling 55 mph and the other 35 mph. The total speed of impact would be: A) 55 mph B) 90 mph C) 20 mph D) 35 mph
Answer: B - 90 mph
A mnemonic to help the AEMT evaluate aspects of the secondary assessment is: A) SAMPLE B) DCAP-BTLS C) OPQRST D) AVPU
Answer: B - DCAP-BTLS
EMRs have removed an intoxicated and confused patient from a car that struck another car at a high rate of speed. The patient was unrestrained and his car did not have airbags. Assessment reveals deformity bilaterally to the hips and femurs and bruising to the knees. Based on this injury pattern, the AEMT would recognize what type of injury mechanism? A) High velocity B) Down and under C) Up and over D) Lateral impact
Answer: B - Down and under
A common injury referred to as "whiplash" involves: A) Lateral flexion B) Hyperextension C) Hyperextension and hyperflexion D) Hyperflexion
Answer: B - Hyperextension
You are at the scene of a gunshot victim who has been shot in the head at close range with a 38-caliber pistol. The patient is unconscious, with irregular gasping respirations and bradycardia. Your initial actions are oriented to: A) Intravenous fluid boluses B) Initial assessment management and rapid transport C) Establishing vital signs D) Classifying the degree of injury
Answer: B - Initial assessment management and rapid transport
A method used to calculate the amount of force involved in a collision would be: A) Acceleration × deceleration B) Mass × acceleration (or deceleration) C) Speed × velocity D) None of the above
Answer: B - Mass × acceleration (or deceleration)
Handguns as well as some rifles and shotguns are considered: A) Less-than-lethal weapons B) Medium-energy weapons C) Low-energy weapons D) Highly-lethal forces
Answer: B - Medium-energy weapons
An unrestrained driver of a car that has struck a tree at 45 mph has suffered a contusion (bruise) to his heart. The AEMT would recognize that this injury occurred during which impact of the collision? A) Physiologic collision B) Organ collision C) Vehicle collision D) Body collision
Answer: B - Organ collision
The ________ is designed to assess limited, isolated injuries. A) Secondary assessment B) Primary trauma assessment C) Detailed body assessment D) Primary assessment
Answer: B - Primary trauma assessment
Assessment of a patient involved in a motor vehicle collision reveals him to have crepitus to the left humerus, instability to the left lateral chest wall and flank, and pain on palpation to left hip region. He also complains of pain to the right side of the neck. Based on this injury pattern, the AEMT would recognize the patient was: A) The passenger in a car hit from behind B) The driver of a car hit on the driver's side C) An unrestrained occupant in a car struck from the side D) An unrestrained driver involved in a head-on collision
Answer: B - The driver of a car hit on the driver's side
En route to the scene of a shooting victim, dispatch informs you that the suspect has not been located yet. Based on this information, you should: A) Be aware as you arrive on the scene that the patient may have committed suicide B) Wait until police arrive and secure the scene prior to approach C) Document this information D) Recognize the need to rapidly transport the victim
Answer: B - Wait until police arrive and secure the scene prior to approach
You are first on the scene of a two-car motor vehicle collision. In one car there are two patients entrapped in the vehicle, while in the other, there is a male driver complaining of chest pain. At this time, your primary concern is: A) Triaging the patients B) Calling for additional help C) Assuring personal safety D) Determining severity of injuries
Answer: C - Assuring personal safety
Trauma assessment and management begins with: A) Identifying the MOI B) Evaluating resources at scene C) Dispatch information D) Scene size-up
Answer: C - Dispatch information
A patient who has been injured in a hunting accident by a shotgun would be expected to have: A) A lethal injury pattern regardless of external signs B) A large amount of energy dissipation to surrounding tissues C) Injuries to areas of impact with little energy dissipation D) Cavitation injuries and tissue damage due to energy dissipation
Answer: C - Injuries to areas of impact with little energy dissipation
If you suspect significant trauma to an unconscious victim, you should open the airway using: A) Head-tilt/chin lift B) Head-tilt without the chin-lift C) Modified jaw-thrust D) Head-tilt/neck-lift
Answer: C - Modified jaw-thrust
You are treating victims of a motor vehicle collision that occurred when their vehicle struck a bridge abutment head on at a high rate of speed. Due to Newton's first law, you know that: A) It would be difficult to predict any injury due to the speed B) The vehicle itself would absorb all of the kinetic energy C) The kinetic energy of the moving vehicle would be transferred to the vehicle and victims D) Survival would be predicted on safety features of the vehicle
Answer: C - The kinetic energy of the moving vehicle would be transferred to the vehicle and victims
An unrestrained woman driving a small car is involved in a rollover-type collision. Why her risk for serious injury and death is significantly increased? A) Rollovers are the result of high speeds B) Smaller and lighter cars tend to roll over C) There are more impacts in a roll over D) The risk for ejection is lessened, increasing injuries suffered in the car
Answer: C - There are more impacts in a roll over
Life-threatening problems encountered during the primary assessment should be: A) Ignored while completing the assessment and then addressed B) Signify a poor outcome for the patient C) Treated immediately D) All of the above
Answer: C - Treated immediatel
Which of the following physical assessment findings would make your patient a candidate for rapid transport to a trauma center? A) Respiratory rate of 24 B) Pulse rate of 110 C) Unstable pelvic girdle D) Systolic blood pressure of 100
Answer: C - Unstable pelvic girdle
During an in-service focusing on care of the trauma patient, the medical director asks if anyone can correctly describe the "platinum 10 minutes." Which of the following indicates the BEST response? A) "EMS should spend a total of 10 minutes assessing the patient for life-threatening injuries prior to initiating transport to a trauma center." B) "If the transport to a trauma center is going to exceed 10 minutes, EMS should strongly consider the use of an aeromedical helicopter." C) "EMS systems should be designed so that it takes an ambulance no longer than 10 minutes to respond to a trauma call." D) "EMS should initiate transport of the critically injured trauma patient to the hospital within 10 minutes of arriving on scene."
Answer: D - "EMS should initiate transport of the critically injured trauma patient to the hospital within 10 minutes of arriving on scene."
A 23-year-old roofer has fallen 20 feet from the roof of a house into shrubs below. Aside from superficial abrasions and complaint of soreness, you detect no obvious injuries. Consequently, the patient states that as long as his legs are not broken, he does not see the need to go to the hospital. As a knowledgeable AEMT, your BEST response would be: A) "Since this is a work-related injury, you should really be evaluated in the hospital. Workman's comp may not cover you if you do not." B) "Although you feel okay now, you will most likely be sore later on. Why don't we go to the hospital and ask about some medications for pain?" C) "Since you did not lose consciousness, I feel better about having you refuse. Just keep an eye on your feet and watch for swelling." D) "From a fall of this height, you may have hurt some internal organs. You really need to be examined."
Answer: D - "From a fall of this height, you may have hurt some internal organs. You really need to be examined."
When evaluating the MOI of a sudden deceleration injury in a motor vehicle, the AEMT should: A) Determine if airbag restraints deployed B) Assess the damage to the vehicle itself C) Note if any restraint devices are in use D) All of the above
Answer: D - All of the above
The reassessment in the critically injured trauma patient should be done: A) Every minute B) Every 15 minutes C) Once on the way to the hospital D) At least every five minutes
Answer: D - At least every five minutes
You are assessing a patient involved in a motorcycle accident. He states that he saw an oncoming car and "laid the bike down" to avoid an outright collision. He was wearing a helmet. Which of the following injuries would make sense given the action of the motorcyclist? A) "Road rash" to the entire body B) Bilateral broken forearms C) Angulation to both femurs D) Burn to the inside of the leg
Answer: D - Burn to the inside of the leg
A patient involved in a motor vehicle collision is complaining of neck pain. Which of the following pieces of information should cause the AEMT to have a high index of suspicion that the patient may have suffered more significant injuries beyond the complaint of neck pain? A) No airbags in the car B) History of heart problems C) Complaint of head and neck pain D) Death of the car's driver
Answer: D - Death of the car's driver
As a member of the emergency medical services team, an AEMT's role includes all of the following EXCEPT to: A) Provide rapid assessment B) Transport patients to the appropriate hospital C) Triage trauma patients D) Dispatch equipment
Answer: D - Dispatch equipment
Two basic principles of kinetics are: A) Velocity and mass B) Movement and energy C) Inertia and velocity D) Law of inertia and conservation of energy
Answer: D - Law of inertia and conservation of energy
The law which states that an object in motion will stay in motion unless acted upon by an outside source is: A) Conservation of energy law B) Energy formulation C) Starling's theorem D) Newton's first law
Answer: D - Newton's first law
In ________ the energy dissipation may create a permanent or temporary cavity transmitting to surrounding tissues. A) Deceleration forces B) Blunt trauma C) Contusions D) Penetrating trauma
Answer: D - Penetrating trauma
You have arrived on the scene of an explosion in a warehouse used to store fertilizers. A paramedic, who has already triaged the nine patients involved, directs you to a young man sitting under a tree. The man states that he is having excruciating ear pain. The primary assessment and secondary assessment reveal no obvious injuries. Given this presentation, the AEMT would recognize which of the following? A) Inner ear damage caused by the noise of the explosion B) Ear damage caused by exposure to superheated air C) Secondary blast injury to the inner ear D) Primary phase blast injury to the inner ear -
Answer: D - Primary phase blast injury to the inner ear
The purpose of the secondary assessment is to: A) Identify lifethreats to the ABCs B) Assess neurological status C) Determine all injuries present on a victim D) Quickly assess areas of the body where serious life threats may occur
Answer: D - Quickly assess areas of the body where serious life threats may occur
A 49-year-old man has been stabbed in the lower right chest. Police on scene report that the patient got into an argument with an unidentified man, who then stabbed him before fleeing the scene. After assessing the patient, you are suspicious that the knife punctured the lung and is causing internal bleeding. In this situation, the mechanism of injury would be: A) Blunt trauma to the lungs B) Assailant with a knife C) Internal hemorrhage D) Stab wound to the right chest
Answer: D - Stab wound to the right chest
A bleacher at a college has collapsed, and you are the first EMS unit to arrive on the scene. As you enter the gym, several patients are walking around with various injuries. Which one of the following instructions is MOST appropriate for these ambulatory patients? A) "Put this yellow tag on your wrist and go outside to the red fire truck in the parking lot." B) "Go outside and wait by the red fire truck in the parking lot and stay there." C) "Sit down here so that I can do a quick assessment on you." D) "Leave this gym and wait outside. I will be out in a few minutes after I check others who cannot walk."
B) "Go outside and wait by the red fire truck in the parking lot and stay there."
You are teaching some EMRs to use the Jump START system of triage. Which one of the following comments made by an EMR requires you to intervene and provide corrective instruction? A) "I like the Jump START system since it uses the same categories of assessment as the START system of triage." B) "The Jump START system is very effective since it allows me to take two minutes to assess the patient." C) "The Jump START system allows me to classify the patient according to his ability to ambulate, his breathing, perfusion, and mental status." D) "If we have a young child injured in a multiple-casualty incident, I will use the Jump START system to triage him."
B) "The Jump START system is very effective since it allows me to take two minutes to assess the patient."
You have been called for an 11-year-old boy with a history of mild mental retardation who has possibly ingested the leaves of a household plant. His mother states that she found him eating the leaves then immediately called 911. You note that the plant has been overturned and is missing a considerable number of leaves. Assessment reveals the boy to be lethargic and confused and complaining of abdominal pain, accompanied by nausea and vomiting. His airway is patent and his respirations are adequate. Which assessment finding would be MOST suggestive that the plant leaves have been absorbed into the body? A) Nausea and vomiting B) Confusion and lethargy C) Abdominal pain D) Nausea
B) Confusion and lethargy
As a member of the emergency medical services team, an AEMTs role includes all of the following EXCEPT to: A) Triage trauma patients B) Dispatch equipment C) Transport patients to the appropriate hospital D) Provide rapid assessment
B) Dispatch equipment
At the scene of a multiple-casualty drill, you have been assigned to role of Transport Unit leader. As such, your responsibility is: A) Immobilizing all patients prior to transport B) Distributing patients to each medical facility C) Ensuring proper care for each patient D) Ensuring that patients in cardiac arrest leave for the hospital first
B) Distributing patients to each medical facility
What drug, described as a modified form of methamphetamine, is often seen in nightclubs? A) Barbiturates B) Ecstasy C) Alcohol D) Marijuana
B) Ecstasy
A problem with the Simple Triage and Rapid Transport (START) system of triage is it: A) Is only used for traumatic injuries B) Is difficult to apply to young children C) Is complex and difficult to use D) Requires at least 10 rescuers
B) Is difficult to apply to young children
At the scene of a multiple-casualty incident, you are triaging a patient using the Simple Triage and Rapid Transport (START) system. You are presented with a patient who is not breathing. Which one of the following should you do next? A) Place a black tag on the patient B) Open the airway C) Start positive pressure ventilation D) Place a red tag on the patient
B) Open the airway
You are in charge of triage at a scene involving 30 patients exposed to carbon monoxide. You find a six-year-old boy who is not breathing. You open his airway and find that breathing does not return. Furthermore, you cannot locate a radial pulse. You should: A) Apply oxygen and check the patient's mental status B) Place a black tag on the patient and move to the next C) Provide 15 seconds of positive pressure ventilation D) Provide 15 seconds of CPR and recheck for a radial pulse
B) Place a black tag on the patient and move to the next
The AEMT shows he is correctly using the Jump START triage system on a three-year-old male trauma patient when he: A) Makes a conscious effort to look for bruises to the patient's body B) Quickly determines the perfusion status and mental status C) Carefully examines the chest for signs of retractions D) Obtains a systolic and diastolic blood pressure
B) Quickly determines the perfusion status and mental status
While responding to an MCI drill involving an explosion, you pass a dozen ambulances sitting in a parking lot three blocks away from the incident. You should recognize this area as the: A) Treatment unit B) Staging unit C) Transport unit D) Triage area
B) Staging unit
When treating a pediatric trauma patient at the scene of a MCI, which one of the following is it important for the AEMT to remember? A) The elevated metabolism of a child causes them to retain heat, thus a blanket should not be applied when in shock B) The flexibility of the chest wall in a child can allow for internal injury without obvious external signs C) Since the body of a child is smaller than an adult's body, there is less chance of multisystem trauma D) Because children tend to be healthier than adults, they are able to compensate longer when in shock
B) The flexibility of the chest wall in a child can allow for internal injury without obvious external signs
At a drill involving the rollover of a tourist bus, you have been assigned to the transport area. Which one of the following activities will you perform within this section of the disaster response? A) Triage and assign priorities of EMS care and transport to the hospital B) Transfer patients to ambulances for transport to the hospital C) Triage and provide patient care prior to transport to the hospital D) Transport patients to the hospital or other appropriate facilities
B) Transfer patients to ambulances for transport to the hospital
Your patient is a 32-year-old woman who has taken an unknown quantity of unknown pills. All of the following are questions that should be asked during your assessment EXCEPT: A) When did you ingest the substance? B) Where did you get the substance? C) What did you ingest? D) How much did you ingest?
B) Where did you get the substance?
Other than intentional injections of illicit drugs, MOST injected poisonings result from: A) accidental needle sticks. B) bites and stings of insects and animals. C) rusty nails. D) infected wounds.
B) bites and stings of insects and animals.
You are dispatched to an auto collision. Because of very heavy traffic, your response time is 25 minutes. The closest hospital is 40 miles from the accident site. You should: A) have state law enforcement stop traffic while you transport B) call for air transport C) request that law enforcement escort you to a hospital D) request additional ground units
B) call for air transport
You are by the side of a young female college student who is unresponsive. Friends say that she is not a heavy drinker, but tonight she drank an excessive amount of alcohol. She responds to painful stimuli and has snoring respirations. Her respiratory rate is 8 breaths per minute and her radial pulse is weak. Your immediate action would be to: A) determine if drugs are also involved. B) perform the head-tilt/chin-lift maneuver. C) administer positive pressure ventilation. D) apply oxygen via a nonrebreather mask.
B) perform the head-tilt/chin-lift maneuver.
A car swerved to miss a deer in the road and hit a utility pole at a low rate of speed. Damage to the car was minimal, but the 82-year-old male passenger was not wearing a seatbelt and hit his head on the dashboard. He presents as confused and mildly diaphoretic. His daughter, the driver, states that he has a history of dementia, high blood pressure, and diabetes, as well as coronary artery disease. She adds that he did take his insulin about two hours ago. There were two other passengers in the rear seats of the vehicle. Which one of the following questions to the daughter would be MOST important at this time? A) "Does he take high blood pressure pills?" B) "How far along is the dementia?" C) "Did he eat anything today?" D) "He seems sweaty. Was he feeling okay this morning?"
C) "Did he eat anything today?"
The AEMT correctly identifies the primary benefit of triage when she states: A) "Triage is a system used by the AEMT to assign the order of care when an incident contains more than five patients." B) "Triage is a system that can be used by the AEMT to determine the number of patients who will most likely die." C) "Triage is used to determine the order in which patients will receive medical care and transport." D) "Triage is a process by which the number of patients is quickly estimated so the appropriate resources can be summoned."
C) "Triage is used to determine the order in which patients will receive medical care and transport."
A 42-year-old patient weighs 154 pounds (70 kg). How much activated charcoal would you administer to him? A) 500 grams B) 100 grams C) 70 grams D) 154 grams
C) 70 grams
You are on the scene of a multiple-casualty incident where a church van carrying 15 parishioners has overturned. You and your partner are in charge of the treatment unit and are presented with the following four patients. Who will you treat first? A) A 21-year-old man in cardiac arrest B) An elderly female patient with a femur fracture and a yellow tag on her wrist C) A confused 69-year-old man with a respiratory rate of 40 and a rapid and weak radial pulse D) A 13-year-old boy who walked to the treatment area complaining of a severe headache
C) A confused 69-year-old man with a respiratory rate of 40 and a rapid and weak radial pulse
The AEMT would recognize which of the following as TRUE regarding poisoning? A) The majority of poisonings is intentional and result in homicide or suicide. B) All toxins are poisonous when in contact with the human body. C) A poison is any substance that impairs a person's health by its chemical action. D) The number one cause of poisoning in the United States is medications.
C) A poison is any substance that impairs a person's health by its chemical action.
In the case of MCI trauma patients, the ideal goal for completing on-scene triage procedures are: A) Set by medical direction B) To treat as you find patients C) A quick sorting process D) To treat women and children first
C) A quick sorting process
Medical direction has ordered you to administer activated charcoal to a patient who ingested a large amount of poison. When looking in your medical kit, which of the following medications would you prepare and administer? A) Nitrostat B) Glyburide C) Actidose D) Ecotrin
C) Actidose
Which one of the following patient triage tags indicates the lowest priority for care and transport on the scene of a multiple-casualty incident? A) Yellow B) Green C) Black D) Red
C) Black
As the AEMT responsible for triage at a motor-vehicle collision, you find a patient who is breathing 18 times per minute and has a radial pulse. Which one of the following should you do next? A) Check the blood pressure B) Move the patient to the treatment area C) Check the mental status D) Place a yellow tag on the patient
C) Check the mental status
All of the following are examples of narcotics EXCEPT: A) Heroin B) Codeine C) Crack D) Morphine
C) Crack
Which of the following is NOT a route of ingestion that may result in a toxicological emergency? A) Ingestion B) Absorption C) Diffusion D) Inhalation
C) Diffusion
A large bus with 52 passengers overturned on a busy highway. On-scene 12 people were dead and 23 others were taken to various hospitals, many with life-threatening injuries. As commander of the incident, which one of the following is MOST appropriate after the last patient has left the scene? A) Promote lighthearted talk about the incident to decrease rescuer tension and stress B) Mandate that all rescuers attend a stress debriefing C) Encourage rescuers to talk amongst themselves about their feelings D) Bring all rescuers to a central point and hold a discussion to critique the rescue effort
C) Encourage rescuers to talk amongst themselves about their feelings
You arrive on the scene of a popular nightclub to find a 22-year-old woman in custody of the police. Witnesses state she had been taking her clothes off on the dance floor, and when club staff asked her to stop she struck one of them. She is now sitting in the back of the police cruiser crying. She admits to "X-ing." Which of the following physical findings would you not expect to find in this patient? A) Tachycardia B) Anxiety C) Hypotension D) Fever
C) Hypotension
Which of the following correctly identifies the routes by which a poison can enter the human body? A) Inhalation, Injection, Nasal-Oral, Visual B) Exposure, Ingestion, Inhalation, Injection C) Ingestion, Inhalation, Injection, Absorption D) Topical, Inhalation, Nasal-Oral, Absorption
C) Ingestion, Inhalation, Injection, Absorption
What medication is indicated for reversal of narcotic intoxication? A) Valium B) Thiamine C) Narcan D) Romazicon
C) Narcan
What chemical, often used as a pesticide, is easily absorbed through dermal contact? A) Tricyclics B) Carbamates C) Organophosphates D) Hemotoxins
C) Organophosphates
When treating a poisoning patient, what should be one of your main objectives? A) Administering Narcan B) Determining the reason for the poisoning C) Preventing aspiration D) Administering syrup of ipecac
C) Preventing aspiration
The grandfather of an alert and oriented two-year-old girl found her on the floor playing with the pills from his open bottle of digoxin (heart medication that slows the rate). He cannot remember how many pills were in the bottle, but he thinks that some are missing and she may have ingested them thinking that they were candy. Assessment reveals her airway to be open and breathing adequate. Her pulse is within normal limits for a child her age and skin warm and dry. Her grandfather is not sure of how long ago she may have taken the pills. Given the assessment findings, which of the following should the AEMT assume? A) The child did not take any Digoxin. B) Not enough Digoxin was taken to harm the child. C) The Digoxin has yet to absorb into the body. D) The child spit the pills out prior to swallowing.
C) The Digoxin has yet to absorb into the body.
All of the following are roles of the poison center EXCEPT: A) Determining the potential toxicity of the agent B) Notifying the receiving hospital before arrival of the patient C) Treating the patient based on the agent introduced D) Suggesting the most current, definitive treatment
C) Treating the patient based on the agent introduced
Management of aspirin (salicylate) overdose should include administration of: A) albuterol. B) sodium bicarbonate. C) activated charcoal. D) syrup of ipecac.
C) activated charcoal.
A compulsive and overwhelming dependence on a drug is known as: A) habituation. B) tolerance. C) addiction. D) withdrawal.
C) addiction.
A substance that will neutralize a specific toxin or counteract its effects is known as: A) absorbents. B) emetic. C) antidotes. D) cathartic.
C) antidotes.
The pathophysiology of toxic inhalation involves: A) bronchoconstriction and dispersal of surfactant. B) pulmonary hypertension, alveolar atelectasis, and destruction of cilia. C) irritation, edema, and destruction of alveolar tissue. D) bronchodilation and destruction of cilia.
C) irritation, edema, and destruction of alveolar tissue.
A patient is unconscious with bradypnea after a possible heroin overdose. Which of the following medications and dosages would be MOST appropriate? A) 0.2 mg of flumazenil B) 1 mg of flumazenil C) 5 mg of naloxone D) 1 mg of naloxone
D) 1 mg of naloxone
Which of the following patients would the AEMT recognize as a drug abuser? A) A 56-year-old man who accidentally took an additional dose of blood pressure medication. B) A 41-year-old man who tried marijuana for the first time. C) A 46-year-old woman who used cocaine for 10 years but has not used it in five years. D) A 39-year-old woman who takes pain medications even though she is not in pain.
D) A 39-year-old woman who takes pain medications even though she is not in pain.
A patient has been bitten by a snake. Bystanders do not know what kind it was but state that it had red, yellow, and black rings and that the red rings were banded on either side by yellow rings. The patient has generalized numbness and weakness in addition to slurred speech. Which of the following signs or symptoms would you also expect? A) Dysuria B) Dry mouth and mucous membranes C) Hyperactivity D) Abdominal pain
D) Abdominal pain
What route of entry is the typical method of entry for poisonous plants, such as poison ivy? A) Injection B) Inhalation C) Ingestion D) Absorption
D) Absorption
When conducting the size up of a MCI, you will identify: A) The estimated number of patients B) The need for additional resources C) The person who caused the accident D) Both A and B
D) Both A and B
A frantic mother called 911 because she found her 18-month-old daughter playing with a bottle of drain cleaner. When assessing this patient, which of the following provides the strongest evidence that the child did indeed ingest some of the liquid? A) Increased heart rate B) Garbled speech C) Continual crying D) Burns to her mouth
D) Burns to her mouth
You have responded to a bar for a fight involving approximately 20 patrons. Weapons were used and all the patrons have varying degrees and types of injuries. You are in charge of triage and must use the Simple Triage and Rapid Transport (START) system. You find a young person lying on the floor with blood covering his shirt. Quick assessment reveals him to be breathing at 24 times per minute. Which one of the following should you do next? A) Determine the mental status B) Place a yellow tag on his wrist C) Start positive pressure ventilation D) Check for a radial pulse
D) Check for a radial pulse
Which of the following is MOST likely to provide toxic exposure through inhalation? A) Wasps B) Prescription medications C) Over-the-counter medications D) Chlorine
D) Chlorine
You have been called for a 13-year-old boy who was caught sniffing glue by his parents. The boy is lethargic and confused and complaining of burning to the mouth and nose as well as nausea and vomiting. Based on the clinical presentation and mechanism of illness, how has this poison affected the boy's brain? A) Absorbing through the small intestine into the blood stream and then on to the brain B) Directly contacting the brain by crossing the mucous membranes of the mouth and nose C) Fumes from the glue were absorbed through the mucous membranes of the eyes and then on to the brain D) Crossing from the lungs into the blood stream and then circulating to the brain
D) Crossing from the lungs into the blood stream and then circulating to the brain
An 83-year-old woman has fallen down the basement stairs. She complains of left hip pain and rates it 10/10. Since the patient is downstairs, you immediately recognize the need for assistance in extricating her to the ambulance. As you start the primary assessment, you note a dog at the top of the stairs growling. At this time, what is your primary concern? A) Pain B) Airway C) Need for additional help D) Dog
D) Dog
The mechanism of injury that suggests transport to a trauma center is: A) Extrication time of less than 20 minutes B) Vehicle impact at a speed greater than 20 mph C) A fall from a distance twice the patient's height D) Ejection from a vehicle
D) Ejection from a vehicle
Which of the following BEST describes the goal of a trauma system? A) Providing all trauma patients with a complete battery of diagnostic tests and access to specialists B) Providing the highest level of care possible within a 10 minute transport time for all patients C) Transporting as many patients as possible by air medical transportation D) Getting the right patient to the right facility in the right amount of time
D) Getting the right patient to the right facility in the right amount of time
Which of the following is considered a narcotic? A) Crack B) Ritalin C) Mescaline D) Heroin
D) Heroin
The public health approach to injury prevention is an effective way to address problems within the community. Which of the following questions is NOT asked about a specific injury to aid in the development and implementation of an injury prevention program? A) Who B) What C) Where D) How
D) How
A second-story deck has collapsed. Several patients have fallen and are lying on the ground below. As the first emergency personnel to arrive on the scene, your initial priority is to determine: A) The number of patients B) The number of ambulances required C) Type and severity of injuries D) If the scene is safe to enter
D) If the scene is safe to enter
At a multiple-casualty incident, a crew brings you a patient with a red tag tied to his wrist. You should recognize which one of the following? A) The patient is deceased B) Delayed care and transport are permissible C) The patient has a minor injury to his wrist D) Immediate care and transport are necessary
D) Immediate care and transport are necessary
You are teaching a group of AEMTs about multiple-casualty incidents and the Incident Command System (ICS). Which one of the following statements about ICS is TRUE? A) There is a separate commander for EMS, fire, and law enforcement. B) Each EMS agency can use its own codes and terms. C) Each individual responder is accountable to two supervisors. D) Plain English is used for all communications.
D) Plain English is used for all communications.
What agency is available to help you determine toxicity of a poison based on type of agent, amount and time of exposure, and physical condition of patient? A) Emergency departments B) Pharmacies C) Intensive care units D) Poison control centers
D) Poison control centers
Your EMS system uses the Simple Triage and Rapid Transport (START) system for triaging patients at a multiple-casualty incident. Which one of the following should you include in your triage assessment to determine the order in which patients will receive emergency care? A) Chief complaint, vital signs, and past medical history B) Chief complaint and vital signs C) Level of consciousness and past medical history D) Respiratory and perfusion status
D) Respiratory and perfusion status
Which of the following physical assessment findings would make your patient a candidate for rapid transport to a trauma center? A) Respiratory rate of 24 B) Pulse rate of 110 C) Systolic blood pressure of 100 D) Unstable pelvic girdle
D) Unstable pelvic girdle
A patient was mixing pesticides to spray in his garden and suddenly began experiencing excessive salivation, abdominal pain, and dizziness. The MOST likely route of toxic exposure is: A) ingestion. B) inhalation. C) injection. D) absorption.
D) absorption.
An unrestrained female patient who was involved in a minor motorvehicle collision refuses EMS care or transport. She is seven months pregnant and is alert and oriented. When asked, she denies any complaint. Your BEST action would be to: A) make contact with her obstetrician B) have the police witness her signing the refusal C) have her follow up with her obstetrician D) contact medical direction for instructions
D) contact medical direction for instructions
A 16-year-old boy has been inhaling paint fumes to "feel good." His grandmother called 911 when she found him doing this in the basement and he told her he was having a hard time breathing. He is alert and oriented, with a patent airway and adequate breathing. His radial pulse is strong and skin warm and dry. Your partner reports mild wheezing in both lungs. Vital signs are: pulse 92, respirations 20, blood pressure 148/62, and SpO2 98 percent on room air. He has no medical history. Appropriate initial care would include: A) positive pressure ventilation with supplemental oxygen. B) breathing treatment with a metered dose inhaler. C) oxygen at four liters per minute through a nasal cannula. D) high flow oxygen through a nonrebreather mask.
D) high flow oxygen through a nonrebreather mask.
A patient working at an ice plant was trapped in a room filled with sulfur dioxide. On arrival, you donned a self-contained breathing apparatus and entered the room, finding the patient unresponsive on the floor. The room remains filled with the gas. Your immediate priority in caring for this patient is to: A) assess the airway, breathing, and circulation. B) loosen all tight-fitting clothing. C) start positive pressure ventilation. D) remove him from the immediate environment.
D) remove him from the immediate environment.
