330 Chapter 5

______ justice is the perceived fairness of how resources and rewards are distributed or allocated.

Distributive

Which of the following is not an example of a hygiene factor in Herzberg's motivator-hygiene model?

Advancement Hygiene factors include company policy and administration, technical supervision, salary, interpersonal relations with one's supervisor, and working conditions. These cause a person to move from a state of no dissatisfaction to dissatisfaction.

_____ is the extent to which a job enables an individual to experience freedom, independence, and discretion.

Autonomy

According to Herzberg's motivator-hygiene theory, hygiene factors are more frequently associated with the content of the task being performed.

False According to this theory, motivating factors are more frequently associated with factors in the work content of the task being performed.

Job enlargement is the process of modifying a job to increase the opportunities to experience achievement, recognition, stimulating work, responsibility, and advancement.

False Job enlargement involves putting more variety into a worker's job by combining specialized tasks of comparable difficulty. Job enrichment is the process of modifying a job to increase the opportunities to experience achievement, recognition, stimulating work, responsibility, and advancement.

The goal of the job characteristics model is to promote low extrinsic motivation.

False The goal of the job characteristic model is to promote high intrinsic motivation by designing jobs that possess the five core job characteristics.

___________ occurs when an individual is "turned on to one's work because of the positive internal feelings that are generated by doing well."

Intrinsic motivation

Job crafting may involve changing task boundaries, the relational nature of a job, or cognitions about the job.

True

Intensity pertains to the amount of effort being invested in an activity.

True "Direction pertains to what an individual is attending to at a given time, intensity represents the amount of effort being invested in the activity, and persistence represents for how long that activity is the focus of one's attention." (Schmidt, Beck, Gillespie)

A person will experience _______ when his or her outcome to input ratio is less than that of a relevant comparison person.

negative inequity