3.7.W - Lesson: The Digestive System GIRL'S HEALTH & PE II

In several paragraphs, describe the process of digestion from beginning to end while also incorporating all the vocabulary you have learned. Remember to use proper grammar and mechanics, with no one-word answers.

Both systems use the pharynx and epiglottis. Food and air both pass through the pharynx and the epiglottis. The epiglottis lets air go through the lungs and closes to make sure food/liquids don't enter the lungs.

Where does digestion begin?

Mouth

Match each macromolecule group on the left with the substance it breaks down on the right.

Proteins - Amino acids Carbohydrates - Simple sugars Fats - Glycerol

What is the enzyme found in the mouth that helps begin to break down starches?

Salivary amylase

Where is bile stored?

gallbladder

The wave-like movement that propels food through the digestive system is called peristalsis.

True

The small intestine is approximately __________ feet long.

20

Match each part of the digestive system with the correct name.

A Pharynx B Salivary Glands C Mouth D Liver E Esophagus F Gallbladder G Stomach H Small Intestine I Pancreas J Large Intestine K Anus

The solution that decreases the acidity of chyme is what?

Sodium bicarbonate

Describe food digestion step by step.

The digestion process starts right when we put food in our mouths. The food is softened by saliva; then it is rolled into a bolus and is pushed down the throat (aka swallowed). The food moves through the esophagus, by peristalsis. The lower esophagus sphincter relaxes so the food can pass/enter into the stomach. Hydrochloric acid is produced in the stomach. It will convert the food into chyme. The chyme goes into the small intestine. Specifically, the duodenum. Bile is produced in small intestine to break down the food, and the pancreatic juice breaks down all the other food particles.

In several well-thought-out sentences, describe how the digestive system and the respiratory system are similar. Remember to use proper grammar and mechanics, with no one-word answers.

The digestive process first starts when we put food in our mouths. It goes into a process that helps the food slide down the throat. The saliva starts to soften the food and rolls into a ball (aka bolus). After it's been coated and and gets pushed down your throat via your tongue (wave motion), food passes through the lower esophageal sphincter after it has relaxed so it can enter the stomach. In the stomach, there is a lot of acids that mix with the food; which turn into chyme. The chyme goes to the small intestine. As it moves into the small intestine, it breaks down and by bile, pancreatic juice, and sodium bicarbonate. The sodium bicarbonate helps the pancreatic juice down any other food particles as it can. Most of the nutrients come from the food that is absorbed in the small intestine (aka jejunum). In the small intestine, the food is broken down even more! Since the nutrients have been absorbed, the food particles pass through the ileocecal valves, then to the large intestine. The colon absorbs the water (from the food) and everything else turns into waste. The "waste" move through the rest of the large intestine and leaves the body through the rectum.

How does food get to the stomach?

esophagus