4402 Final

The normal form which only includes indivisible values or single atomic values is classified as __________

1NF

Which forms simplifies and ensures that there are minimal data aggregates and repetitive groups?

3NF

Considering the relational database, the functional dependency between two attributes A and B is denoted by ______

A -> B

Consider the relation R={A,B,C,D,E,F}𝑅={𝐴,𝐵,𝐶,𝐷,𝐸,𝐹} and the set of functional dependencies { A→DE𝐴→𝐷𝐸, B→C𝐵→𝐶, DE→F𝐷𝐸→𝐹, F→AB𝐹→𝐴𝐵} . Which one of the following is not considered a key for the relation R𝑅?

AC

Which of the operation are not specifies in triggers?

ALTER

Which of the following statements is True?

All strict schedules are cascadeless and recoverable schedules

With SQL, how can you insert "Salah" as the "LastName" in the "Student" table? The Student table has two attributes FirstName and LastName.

INSERT INTO Student (LastName) VALUES ('Salah')

With SQL, how can you insert a new record into the "Student" table?Note: Student table has only two attributes, which are Fname and Lname.

INSERT INTO Student VALUES ('Peter', 'Jackson')

For a weak entity set to be meaningful, it must be associated with another entity set, called the______________

Identifying entity

What does the following relational operation perform? ρA1,A2,A3,...R

It returns the results of table R renaming the attributes A1,A2,A3,...

Which of the following operations that is equivalent to combine certain selections and a cross product?

Join operation

Which of the following is not a relational algebra operation?

Manipulate

Which of the following is not from the typical trigger components?

Manipulation

Which of the following is a property of transactions?

a. All of the mentioned b. Isolation c. Durability d. Atomicity All of the above

The basic operations that can be performed on relations are _________

a. deletion b. insertion c. all of the above d. modification all of the above

In a relation schema, each key of schema having more than one key is classified as _________

candidate key

The number of tuples in a relation is considered as the ____________ of a relation

cardinality

The number of the attributes of the relation is considered as the ___________ of the relation

degree

The operation which violates only one constraint called referential integrity when it is performed is called ______________

delete operation

In formal relational model, a set of indivisible values that could be a value for certain attribute is called ______________

domain

The type of constraint in which the value of each attribute (X) must be an indivisible value from domain(X) is classified as _________

domain constraint

When the primary key is null of the new tuple then the constraint violated is __________

entity integrity constraint

In the data model schemas, the constraints that are expressed directly are classified as _________

explicit constraints

Considering the functional dependency, the one in which removal from some attributes must affect dependency is called __________________

full functional dependency

In the data model, the inherent constraints are classified as ______________

implicit constraints

If two or more constraints are violated by using insert operation then by default the ________

insert is rejected

Concurrent execution of processes is interleaved in a single CPU is called _____________

interleaved processing

The state in which the database does not follow integrity constraints is classified as ___________

invalid state

In the functional dependency between two sets of attributes A and B then the set of attributes A of database is classified as _________________

left hand side

The joining property which guarantees that spurious tuple generation problem is not created after decomposition is called _______________

lossless join property

If the attribute of relation schema R is not a member of some candidate key then this type of attributes is classified as ______________

nonprime attribute

Which of the following schedules is cascadeless?

r 1 (X); r 2 (X); w 2 (X); w 1 (X); r 1 (Y); w 1 (Y); C 2 ; C 1 ;

Which of the following schedules is not serializable?

r 2 (X); r 1 (X); w 1 (X); w 2 (X); r 1 (Y); w 1 (Y);

When the foreign key refers to a tuple which does not exists in subjected relation then the constraint violated is __________

referential integrity

In relational model terminology, the table is considered as ____________

relation

If two schedules produce the same final state of the database, then they are ___________

result equivalent

Suppose we want to list all students ids and names, but do not care about their addresses. Which of the following operations allows us to produce this relation?

Project

In relational algebra, the term tuple is equivalent to ______

Row

The expression R∩S is equivalent the expression ______________

R−(R−S)

With SQL, how do you select all the columns from a table named "Products"?

SELECT * FROM Products

With SQL, how do you select all the records from a table named "Student" where the value of the column "FirstName" ends with an "a"?

SELECT * FROM Student WHERE FirstName LIKE '%a'

With SQL, how do you select all the records from a table named "Student" where the value of the column "FirstName" is "Adam"?

SELECT * FROM Student WHERE FirstName='Adam'

With SQL, how do you select all the records from a table named "Student" where the "FirstName" is "Robin" and the "LastName" is "Williams"?

SELECT * FROM Student WHERE FirstName='Robin' AND LastName='Williams'

With MySQL, how can you return the number of records in the "Student" table?

SELECT COUNT(*) FROM Student;

Which SQL statement is used to return only different values?

SELECT DISTINCT

Suppose that we have the following table schema: Movies (id, name, director) Which of the following queries could retrieve the movies names that doesn't have director in the database (the director attribute equal to NULL)?

SELECT name FROM Movies WHERE director IS NULL

Which of the following schedules is non-recoverable?

Sch3: : r 1 (X); w 1 (X); r 1 (Y); r 2 (X); w 1 (Y); w 2 (X); C 2 ; C 1 ;

Which of the following schedules is non-recoverable?

Sch3: r 1 (X); w 1 (X); r 1 (Y); w 1 (Y); r 2 (X); w 2 (X); C 2 ; C 1 ;

The output table schema always match the input table schema when we use the __________ operation

Select

Which of the following operations allows us to find the tuples that are in one relation but are not in another relation?

Set difference

Which of the following is not a property of a transaction?

Simplicity

In relational algebra, the term relation is equivalent to ________

Table

Which of the following statement is not true about the attributes in a relation?

The names of the attributes are unique inside a database

Consider the relation R={A,B,C,D,E,F}𝑅={𝐴,𝐵,𝐶,𝐷,𝐸,𝐹} and the set of functional dependencies { A→DE𝐴→𝐷𝐸, B→C𝐵→𝐶, DE→F𝐷𝐸→𝐹, F→AB𝐹→𝐴𝐵} . How many different keys for the relation R𝑅?

Three

If two entities have many to many relationships mostly results in how many tables.

Three

Collections of operations that form a single logical unit of work are called __________

Transactions

What are rows of a relation known as?

Tuple

The system execute the rest of the trigger body that is satisfying the condition only for the ___________

Tuples

The binary operation union, denoted as in the set theory by ___________

U

Which SQL statement is used to update data in a database?

UPDATE

The select, project, and rename operations are called________

Unary operations

An entity set that does not have sufficient attributes to form a primary key is termed a __________

Weak entity set

The "all-or-none" property is commonly referred to as___________

Atomicity

What is the difference between the CHAR(n) and VARCHAR(n) data types?

Both of them are string data types but CHAR has fixed length while VARCHAR is variable.

What command is used to create a new table in SQL?

CREATE Table

The number of entities to which another entity can be related through a relationship set is called?

Cardinality

Which of the following are the binary operations?

Cartesian product, union, and set difference

Which of the following is not a transaction state?

Compensated

Select the attributes which made up of more than one single attribute.

Composite attribute

Execution of translation in isolation preserves the _________ of a database

Consistency

Which SQL constraint do we use to set some value to a field whose value has not been added explicitly?

DEFAULT

Which of the following is the full form of DDL?

Data Definition Language

What does the following statement in SQL do? DELETE FROM student;

Delete all tuples in table student

The attribute AGE is?

Derived

The relationship is represented in E-R diagram as________________

Diamond

Weak entity set is represented as____________

Double rectangle

What is the name of the function that is used to check whether the query result is empty or not?

EXIST

If you were collecting and storing information about your music collection, an album would be considered a/an ___________

Entity

The Rectangles in ERD represents __________

Entity

Which of the following gives a conceptual structure of the database graphically?

Entity-relationship diagram

Which of the following relational algebra expression do? σsalary>1200Employee𝜎𝑠𝑎𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑦>1200𝐸𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑜𝑦𝑒𝑒

Finds all the tuples in Employee where the salary is greater than 1200

In the __________ normal form, a composite attribute is converted to individual attributes.

First

The project operation selects tuples with some attributes that we wish to include but some attributes we do not want to include in the final relation. We use the lowercase ______ to denote project operation.

Greek letter pi (π)

The select operation selects tuples that satisfy a given predicate. We use the lower case __________ to denote selection

Greek letter sigma (σ)

What is the clause that is responsible for adding a condition to an aggregate function?

HAVING Clause

If we have two relation R and S that are union compatible, the number of tuples in the output of their union equal __________

Number of tuples in R +Number of tuples in S - Number of the common tuples between R and S

Which SQL keyword is used to sort the result-set?

ORDER BY

The primary key in a many to one relationship, acts as a foreign key on which side?

On the side where many relationships are defined

Select from the following the multi-valued attribute.

Phone_number

In the tuples, the interpretation of the values of the attribute is considered as __________

semantics of relation

Which of the following is not a problem that we may encounter with two transactions run concurrently?

sequentialization problem

The key which specifies that two different tuples cannot have the same value is classified as __________

super key

The normalization form which is based on the transitive dependency is classified as _______________

third normal form

A row of a table in relational model terminology is classified as _________

tuple

The state in which the database follows all the integrity constraints is classified as _______

valid state