6.3 chemistry
The energy required to remove a second electrons is called the ________ energy
2 I.E.
It always requires more energy to remove-
A 2nd or 3rd electron
An _____ does not have a fixed radius
Atom
How do you find the radium of an atom?
By measuring the distance between the nuclei of two touching atoms, and then halving that distance
The ionization energy of the elements will ______ as you move down a group on the periodic table.
Decrease
Going down a group, the ionization energy ________ due to a greater number of energy levels.
Decreases
What is the "group trend"
Doing down
What is the "period trend"
Going across
Atomic size will ____ as you move down a group, due to a greater number of occupied energy levels.
Increase
The ionization energy of the elements will _______ as you move
Increase
Going across a period, the ionization energy ________ due to an increased nuclear charge.
Increases
There is a very large increase of ionization whenever an electron is removed from an atom/ion that is
Isoelectronic with a noble gas
This is because the electrons are _____ attracted to the nucleus as they get further away from then nucleus.
Less
This is because the electrons are all the same distance from the nucleus in the same period, but the elements have ____ protons as you move from left to right
Less
It always requires ____ _____ to remove a second electron
More energy
Electrons are held more tightly because of more protons therefore-
More ionization energy is required to remove an electron
The energy required to move an electron is always much greater if the atom is isoelectronic with a ____ ____ before the electron is removed.
Noble gas
The elements in a group or period have the same number of occupied energy levels, but a greater number of-
Protons
The period trend is less pronounced for periods further down the periodic table due to the-
Shielding effect
How does the shielding affect work?
The inner electrons "shield" or block the attraction from the nucleus, so there is still an increase in size for the lowest periods but it is less significant
Why is it harder to remove a 2nd or 3rd electron?
They are more attracted to a positive ion than to a neutral ion
Atomic size _____ from left to right.
decreases
The energy required to remove an electron from a gaseous atom is called the _________ energy
ionization
When an electron is removed the atom gets a ______ charge
positive
What does isoelectronic mean?
same number of electrons
What is ionization energy?
the energy required to remove an electron from a gaseous atom