6.3 chemistry

The energy required to remove a second electrons is called the ________ energy

2 I.E.

It always requires more energy to remove-

A 2nd or 3rd electron

An _____ does not have a fixed radius

Atom

How do you find the radium of an atom?

By measuring the distance between the nuclei of two touching atoms, and then halving that distance

The ionization energy of the elements will ______ as you move down a group on the periodic table.

Decrease

Going down a group, the ionization energy ________ due to a greater number of energy levels.

Decreases

What is the "group trend"

Doing down

What is the "period trend"

Going across

Atomic size will ____ as you move down a group, due to a greater number of occupied energy levels.

Increase

The ionization energy of the elements will _______ as you move

Increase

Going across a period, the ionization energy ________ due to an increased nuclear charge.

Increases

There is a very large increase of ionization whenever an electron is removed from an atom/ion that is

Isoelectronic with a noble gas

This is because the electrons are _____ attracted to the nucleus as they get further away from then nucleus.

Less

This is because the electrons are all the same distance from the nucleus in the same period, but the elements have ____ protons as you move from left to right

Less

It always requires ____ _____ to remove a second electron

More energy

Electrons are held more tightly because of more protons therefore-

More ionization energy is required to remove an electron

The energy required to move an electron is always much greater if the atom is isoelectronic with a ____ ____ before the electron is removed.

Noble gas

The elements in a group or period have the same number of occupied energy levels, but a greater number of-

Protons

The period trend is less pronounced for periods further down the periodic table due to the-

Shielding effect

How does the shielding affect work?

The inner electrons "shield" or block the attraction from the nucleus, so there is still an increase in size for the lowest periods but it is less significant

Why is it harder to remove a 2nd or 3rd electron?

They are more attracted to a positive ion than to a neutral ion

Atomic size _____ from left to right.

decreases

The energy required to remove an electron from a gaseous atom is called the _________ energy

ionization

When an electron is removed the atom gets a ______ charge

positive

What does isoelectronic mean?

same number of electrons

What is ionization energy?

the energy required to remove an electron from a gaseous atom