7.10-7.15

self-determination.

(picture of fat uncle sam in taylor) All of the following were arguments given to support the point of view of pro-American expansionism as expressed in the image EXCEPT

whether Constitutional rights should be extended to newly added territories overseas.

(picture of fat uncle sam in taylor) As America expanded its control overseas at the close of the 19th century, questions began to arise about

acquisition of new American territories in the Western Hemisphere and the Pacific.

(picture of fat uncle sam in taylor) The ideas expressed in the image above MOST directly led to political controversies over

Expansionism is dangerous for the United States because it might grow too big for its own good.

(picture of fat uncle sam in taylor) Which of the following best describes the point of view of the image?

William Jennings Bryan

(picture of fat uncle sam in taylor) Which of the following would disagree with the United States position of expansionism during this period?

there were those who believed America had no business expanding overseas during this time period.

(picture of fat uncle same in taylor) The cartoon above could serve as evidence that

It weakened the role of the US Senate.

"Pilgrim Landing in America, 1919," Brooklyn Eagle, 1919, by Nelson Harding. Authentic History, n.d. Web. 19 Sept. 2016. Which of the following was a Republican critique of the Treaty of Versailles and the League of Nations?

Henry Cabot Lodge.

"Pilgrim Landing in America, 1919," Brooklyn Eagle, 1919, by Nelson Harding. Authentic History, n.d. Web. 19 Sept. 2016. Which of the following was the MOST significant Republican leader of the opposition to the League of Nations?

The United States should not be overly involved in international affairs.

"Pilgrim Landing in America, 1919," Brooklyn Eagle, 1919, by Nelson Harding. Authentic History, n.d. Web. 19 Sept. 2016. Woodrow Wilson was accused of violating which of the following long-standing principles of American foreign policy?

governmental efforts to break up monopolistic giants such as the Atlantic Telephone and Telegraph company (AT&T) or Standard Oil.

A continuation of the policies alluded to in the cartoon would BEST be exemplified by

The United States war with Spain in the 1890s.

Alfred T. Mahan, "Influence of Sea Power on History, 1660-1783 ...The interesting and significant feature of this changing attitude is the turning of the eyes outward, instead of inward only, to seek the welfare of the country. To affirm the importance of distant markets, and the relation to them of our own immense powers of production, implies logically the recognition of the link that joins the products and the markets,--that is, the carrying trade; the three together constituting that chain of maritime power to which Great Britain owes her wealth and greatness. Further, is it too much to say that, as two of these links, the shipping and the markets, are exterior to our own borders, the acknowledgment of them carries with it a view of the relations of the United States to the world radically distinct from the simple idea of self-sufficingness? We shall not follow far this line of thought before there will dawn the realization of America's unique position, facing the older worlds of the East and West, her shores washed by the oceans which touch the one or the other, but which are common to her alone... Which of the following U.S. conflicts was a result of similar ideas as the ones expressed in the above passage?

A leader of a national labor union.

Alfred T. Mahan, "Influence of Sea Power on History, 1660-1783 ...The interesting and significant feature of this changing attitude is the turning of the eyes outward, instead of inward only, to seek the welfare of the country. To affirm the importance of distant markets, and the relation to them of our own immense powers of production, implies logically the recognition of the link that joins the products and the markets,--that is, the carrying trade; the three together constituting that chain of maritime power to which Great Britain owes her wealth and greatness. Further, is it too much to say that, as two of these links, the shipping and the markets, are exterior to our own borders, the acknowledgment of them carries with it a view of the relations of the United States to the world radically distinct from the simple idea of self-sufficingness? We shall not follow far this line of thought before there will dawn the realization of America's unique position, facing the older worlds of the East and West, her shores washed by the oceans which touch the one or the other, but which are common to her alone... Which of the following people likely disagreed with Mahan's beliefs?

The United States annexed Hawaii for the purposes of building a naval base and trade.

Alfred T. Mahan, "Influence of Sea Power on History, 1660-1783 ...The interesting and significant feature of this changing attitude is the turning of the eyes outward, instead of inward only, to seek the welfare of the country. To affirm the importance of distant markets, and the relation to them of our own immense powers of production, implies logically the recognition of the link that joins the products and the markets,--that is, the carrying trade; the three together constituting that chain of maritime power to which Great Britain owes her wealth and greatness. Further, is it too much to say that, as two of these links, the shi​pping and the markets, are exterior to our own borders, the acknowledgment of them carries with it a view of the relations of the United States to the world radically distinct from the simple idea of self-sufficingness? We shall not follow far this line of thought before there will dawn the realization of America's unique position, facing the older worlds of the East and West, her shores washed by the oceans which touch the one or the other, but which are common to her alone... Based on the passage above, which of the following actions by the federal government corresponded with Mahan's statements?

prior to the Progressive Movement.

BOWLES, JOSEPH W. National Kidney and Liver Cure. Digital image. N.p., 1902. Web. 2 Mar. 2016. The sentiments expressed in the advertisement above are MOST consistent with America's medical standards

Congressional legislation increased regulation of "patent" medicines in an effort to protect the American public.

BOWLES, JOSEPH W. National Kidney and Liver Cure. Digital image. N.p., 1902. Web. 2 Mar. 2016. Which of the following constituted a major change in how products such as the "National Kidney and Liver Cure" could be advertised and sold in the United States in the early 1900s?

The laissez-faire attitude of the federal government during the Gilded Age.

BOWLES, JOSEPH W. National Kidney and Liver Cure. Digital image. N.p., 1902. Web. 2 Mar. 2016. Which of the following factors was MOST responsible for creating the conditions depicted in the advertisement above?

Muckrakers of early 20th century.

BOWLES, JOSEPH W. National Kidney and Liver Cure. Digital image. N.p., 1902. Web. 2 Mar. 2016. Which of the following groups were MOST able to affect social change in their criticism of the written claims made in the above advertisement?

The extension of American influence was intended to improve the lives of foreigners.

Excerpt from "Selling Civilization" . . . In distinction to the imperialism generally recognized by geographers, that is, military and political control over territory, we can see that the United States' extension of power beyond its national borders proceeded through other channels, carried with it and created multiple meanings and knowledges, and fashioned different types of geopolitical and spatial arrangements. In this primarily economic empire, the 'others' that Americans were confronting were considered not political subjects but potential consumers; with the exception of the women missionaries to China and the few women 'explorers', the encounter between American women and 'others' was mediated through advertising images, popular media and material objects that reinforced and challenged ideals of domesticity and notions of 'otherness'; and knowledges of the world were derived as much from a logic of profit and loss as they were from a worldview based on a racialized 'family tree of man' (McClintock 1995, 39). Let me explore in more depth these issues, using my examinations of late nineteenth-century American international businesses as empirical evidence to ground the discussion. The author's assertion that Americans saw people from foreign nations more as potential consumers than political subjects challenges which of the following widespread beliefs?

Mark Twain.

Excerpt from "Selling Civilization" . . . In distinction to the imperialism generally recognized by geographers, that is, military and political control over territory, we can see that the United States' extension of power beyond its national borders proceeded through other channels, carried with it and created multiple meanings and knowledges, and fashioned different types of geopolitical and spatial arrangements. In this primarily economic empire, the 'others' that Americans were confronting were considered not political subjects but potential consumers; with the exception of the women missionaries to China and the few women 'explorers', the encounter between American women and 'others' was mediated through advertising images, popular media and material objects that reinforced and challenged ideals of domesticity and notions of 'otherness'; and knowledges of the world were derived as much from a logic of profit and loss as they were from a worldview based on a racialized 'family tree of man' (McClintock 1995, 39). Let me explore in more depth these issues, using my examinations of late nineteenth-century American international businesses as empirical evidence to ground the discussion. Which of the following Americans would have been MOST likely to oppose the aggressive commercial expansion outlined by Domosh?

The domestic market was flooded with mass produced goods.

Excerpt from "Selling Civilization" . . . In distinction to the imperialism generally recognized by geographers, that is, military and political control over territory, we can see that the United States' extension of power beyond its national borders proceeded through other channels, carried with it and created multiple meanings and knowledges, and fashioned different types of geopolitical and spatial arrangements. In this primarily economic empire, the 'others' that Americans were confronting were considered not political subjects but potential consumers; with the exception of the women missionaries to China and the few women 'explorers', the encounter between American women and 'others' was mediated through advertising images, popular media and material objects that reinforced and challenged ideals of domesticity and notions of 'otherness'; and knowledges of the world were derived as much from a logic of profit and loss as they were from a worldview based on a racialized 'family tree of man' (McClintock 1995, 39). Let me explore in more depth these issues, using my examinations of late nineteenth-century American international businesses as empirical evidence to ground the discussion. Which of the following factors contributed to the global expansion of the American economy in the late nineteenth century?

the rights of indigenous peoples to choose their own form of government free from imperialistic control.

General James Rusling, "Interview with President William McKinley," 1903 When next I realized that the Philippines had dropped into our laps, I confess I did not know what to do with them. I sought counsel from all sides-Democrats as well as Republicans-but got little help. I thought first we would take only Manila; then Luzon; then other islands, perhaps, also. I walked the floor of the White House night after night until midnight; and I am not ashamed to tell you, gentlemen, that I went down on my knees and prayed to Almighty God for light and guidance more than one night. And one night late it came to me this way-I don't know how it was, but it came: (1) That we could not give them back to Spain-that would be cowardly and dishonorable;* (2) That we could not turn them over to France or Germany, our commercial rivals in the Orient-that would be bad business and discreditable; (3) That we could not leave them to themselves-they were unfit for self-government, and they would soon have anarchy and misrule worse then Spain's was; and (4) That there was nothing left for us to do but to take them all, and to educate the Filipinos, and uplift and civilize and Christianize them and by God's grace do the very best we could by them, as our fellow men for whom Christ also died. And then I went to bed and went to sleep, and slept soundly, and the next morning I sent for the chief engineer of the War Department (our map-maker), and I told him to put the Philippines on the map of the United States (pointing to a large map on the wall of his office), and there they are and there they will stay while I am President! The ideas expressed in the passage above MOST directly led to political controversies over

American pursuit of "Manifest Destiny" in the 1840s.

General James Rusling, "Interview with President William McKinley," 1903 When next I realized that the Philippines had dropped into our laps, I confess I did not know what to do with them. I sought counsel from all sides-Democrats as well as Republicans-but got little help. I thought first we would take only Manila; then Luzon; then other islands, perhaps, also. I walked the floor of the White House night after night until midnight; and I am not ashamed to tell you, gentlemen, that I went down on my knees and prayed to Almighty God for light and guidance more than one night. And one night late it came to me this way-I don't know how it was, but it came: (1) That we could not give them back to Spain-that would be cowardly and dishonorable;* (2) That we could not turn them over to France or Germany, our commercial rivals in the Orient-that would be bad business and discreditable; (3) That we could not leave them to themselves-they were unfit for self-government, and they would soon have anarchy and misrule worse then Spain's was; and (4) That there was nothing left for us to do but to take them all, and to educate the Filipinos, and uplift and civilize and Christianize them and by God's grace do the very best we could by them, as our fellow men for whom Christ also died. And then I went to bed and went to sleep, and slept soundly, and the next morning I sent for the chief engineer of the War Department (our map-maker), and I told him to put the Philippines on the map of the United States (pointing to a large map on the wall of his office), and there they are and there they will stay while I am President! What earlier movement is MOST consistent with the sentiments expressed in the excerpt above?

American victory in the Spanish-American War in 1898.

General James Rusling, "Interview with President William McKinley," 1903 When next I realized that the Philippines had dropped into our laps, I confess I did not know what to do with them. I sought counsel from all sides-Democrats as well as Republicans-but got little help. I thought first we would take only Manila; then Luzon; then other islands, perhaps, also. I walked the floor of the White House night after night until midnight; and I am not ashamed to tell you, gentlemen, that I went down on my knees and prayed to Almighty God for light and guidance more than one night. And one night late it came to me this way-I don't know how it was, but it came: (1) That we could not give them back to Spain-that would be cowardly and dishonorable;* (2) That we could not turn them over to France or Germany, our commercial rivals in the Orient-that would be bad business and discreditable; (3) That we could not leave them to themselves-they were unfit for self-government, and they would soon have anarchy and misrule worse then Spain's was; and (4) That there was nothing left for us to do but to take them all, and to educate the Filipinos, and uplift and civilize and Christianize them and by God's grace do the very best we could by them, as our fellow men for whom Christ also died. And then I went to bed and went to sleep, and slept soundly, and the next morning I sent for the chief engineer of the War Department (our map-maker), and I told him to put the Philippines on the map of the United States (pointing to a large map on the wall of his office), and there they are and there they will stay while I am President! Which event was the MOST LIKELY catalyst for the ideas expressed in the passage above?

a constitutional amendment prohibited any state to deny the right to vote on account of sex.

Harris & Ewing. A Sentinel with a Banner. Digital image. N.p., 1917. Web. 2 Mar. 2016. The call for self-government called for on the banner pictured above was accomplished in the United States as

Women's involvement in the reform movements inspired by the Second Great Awakening.

Harris & Ewing. A Sentinel with a Banner. Digital image. N.p., 1917. Web. 2 Mar. 2016. The sentiments of the image above are MOST clearly a continuation of what event or processes below?

extension of democratic ideals.

Harris & Ewing. A Sentinel with a Banner. Digital image. National Archives and Records Administration, Aug. 1917. Web. 2 Mar. 2016. The ideas expressed in the image above MOST directly led to political controversies over

Television coverage of police brutality directed against Civil Rights protestors of the 1960s.

Ida B. Wells, A Red Record- Alleged Causes of Lynchings, 1895 The government which had made the Negro a citizen found itself unable to protect him. It gave him the right to vote, but denied him the protection which should have maintained that right. Scourged from his home; hunted through the swamps; hung by midnight raiders, and openly murdered in the light of day, the Negro clung to his right of franchise with a heroism which would have wrung admiration from the hearts of savages. He believed that in that small white ballot there was a subtle something which stood for manhood as well as citizenship, and thousands of brave black men went to their graves, exemplifying the one by dying for the other. Which of the following 20th-century developments regarding African-Americans BEST parallels the quote above?

14th Amendment.

Ida B. Wells, A Red Record- Alleged Causes of Lynchings, 1895 The government which had made the Negro a citizen found itself unable to protect him. It gave him the right to vote, but denied him the protection which should have maintained that right. Scourged from his home; hunted through the swamps; hung by midnight raiders, and openly murdered in the light of day, the Negro clung to his right of franchise with a heroism which would have wrung admiration from the hearts of savages. He believed that in that small white ballot there was a subtle something which stood for manhood as well as citizenship, and thousands of brave black men went to their graves, exemplifying the one by dying for the other. Which of the following constitutional amendments "made the Negro a citizen" as quoted in the excerpt?

Lack of congressional action to enforce Reconstruction amendments to the constitution by "appropriate legislation" mandated in each amendment.

Ida B. Wells, Alleged Causes of Lynchings, 1895 The government which had made the Negro a citizen found itself unable to protect him. It gave him the right to vote, but denied him the protection which should have maintained that right. Scourged from his home; hunted through the swamps; hung by midnight raiders, and openly murdered in the light of day, the Negro clung to his right of franchise with a heroism which would have wrung admiration from the hearts of savages. He believed that in that small white ballot there was a subtle something which stood for manhood as well as citizenship, and thousands of brave black men went to their graves, exemplifying the one by dying for the other. Which event was a catalyst to the ideas expressed in the passage above?

W.E.B. DuBois' Niagara Movement.

Ida B. Wells, Alleged Causes of Lynchings, 1895 The government which had made the Negro a citizen found itself unable to protect him. It gave him the right to vote, but denied him the protection which should have maintained that right. Scourged from his home; hunted through the swamps; hung by midnight raiders, and openly murdered in the light of day, the Negro clung to his right of franchise with a heroism which would have wrung admiration from the hearts of savages. He believed that in that small white ballot there was a subtle something which stood for manhood as well as citizenship, and thousands of brave black men went to their graves, exemplifying the one by dying for the other. Which of the following groups or movements would call for active and organized resistance rather than a passive approach to combat the practices exposed in the excerpt above?

The Korean War, in which the United States defended itself against Communist aggression.

In which later conflict can it be argued that the United States acted in a manner CONTRARY to the viewpoint depicted in the cartoon?

Progressive reformers in the early 1900s, who exposed poor conditions in big business and society.

Jacob Riis, How the Other Half Lives, 1890 The sinks are in the hallway, that all the tenants may have access—and all be poisoned alike by their summer stenches. Hear the pump squeak! It is the lullaby of tenement house babes. In summer, when a thousand thirsty throats pant for a cooling drink in this block, it is worked in vain. But the saloon, whose open door you passed in the hall, is always there. The smell of it has followed you up. Here is a door. Listen! That short hacking cough, that tiny, helpless wail—what do they mean? They mean that the soiled bow of white [a sign of a recent birth] you saw on the door downstairs will have another story to tell—Oh! a sadly familiar story—before the day is at an end. The child is dying with measles. With half a chance it might have lived; but it had none. That dark bedroom killed it. Riis' efforts foreshadowed the actions of which of the following groups?

Immigrants who lived in dumbbell tenements (apartments) in cities such as New York.

Jacob Riis, How the Other Half Lives, 1890 The sinks are in the hallway, that all the tenants may have access—and all be poisoned alike by their summer stenches. Hear the pump squeak! It is the lullaby of tenement house babes. In summer, when a thousand thirsty throats pant for a cooling drink in this block, it is worked in vain. But the saloon, whose open door you passed in the hall, is always there. The smell of it has followed you up. Here is a door. Listen! That short hacking cough, that tiny, helpless wail—what do they mean? They mean that the soiled bow of white [a sign of a recent birth] you saw on the door downstairs will have another story to tell—Oh! a sadly familiar story—before the day is at an end. The child is dying with measles. With half a chance it might have lived; but it had none. That dark bedroom killed it. Which of the following groups endured the living conditions described in the passage above?

The book that was based on these accounts led to urban reform, such as the destruction of tenement housing.

Jacob Riis, How the Other Half Lives, 1890 The sinks are in the hallway, that all the tenants may have access—and all be poisoned alike by their summer stenches. Hear the pump squeak! It is the lullaby of tenement house babes. In summer, when a thousand thirsty throats pant for a cooling drink in this block, it is worked in vain. But the saloon, whose open door you passed in the hall, is always there. The smell of it has followed you up. Here is a door. Listen! That short hacking cough, that tiny, helpless wail—what do they mean? They mean that the soiled bow of white [a sign of a recent birth] you saw on the door downstairs will have another story to tell—Oh! a sadly familiar story—before the day is at an end. The child is dying with measles. With half a chance it might have lived; but​ it had none. That dark bedroom killed it. Which of the following BEST captures the activities of Jacob Riis?

Created initiatives to begin irrigation projects in the Southwestern US in order to transform the dry arid land into usable farmland.

John Muir, "American Forests" (1897) Emerson says that things refuse to be mismanaged long. An exception would seem to be found in the case of our forests, which have been mismanaged rather long, and now come desperately near being like smashed eggs and spilt milk. Still, in the long run the world does not move backward. The wonderful advance made in the last few years, in creating four national parks in the West, and thirty forest reservations, embracing nearly forty million acres; and in the planting of the borders of streets and highways and spacious parks in all the great cities, to satisfy the natural taste and hunger for landscape beauty and righteousness that God has put, in some measure, into every human being and animal, shows the trend of awakening public opinion. Besides the creation of national parks, the federal government took which of the following steps to conserve western areas during the Theodore Roosevelt administration?

Natural lands should be preserved without human interference.

John Muir, "American Forests", 1897 Emerson says that things refuse to be mismanaged long. An exception would seem to be found in the case of our forests, which have been mismanaged rather long, and now come desperately near being like smashed eggs and spilt milk. Still, in the long run the world does not move backward. The wonderful advance made in the last few years, in creating four national parks in the West, and thirty forest reservations, embracing nearly forty million acres; and in the planting of the borders of streets and highways and spacious parks in all the great cities, to satisfy the natural taste and hunger for landscape beauty and righteousness that God has put, in some measure, into every human being and animal, shows the trend of awakening public opinion. Which of the following BEST reflects John Muir's beliefs?

City planners created parks in cities such as New York's Central Park.

John Muir, "American Forests", 1897 Emerson says that things refuse to be mismanaged long. An exception would seem to be found in the case of our forests, which have been mismanaged rather long, and now come desperately near being like smashed eggs and spilt milk. Still, in the long run the world does not move backward. The wonderful advance made in the last few years, in creating four national parks in the West, and thirty forest reservations, embracing nearly forty million acres; and in the planting of the borders of streets and highways and spacious parks in all the great cities, to satisfy the natural taste and hunger for landscape beauty and righteousness that God has put, in some measure, into every human being and animal, shows the trend of awakening public opinion. Which of the following loosely served as an example of "the trend of awakening public opinion" that Muir mentioned in the passage above?

American business interests and global power depended on expansion overseas.

Platform of the Anti-Imperialist League 1899 We hold that the policy known as imperialism is hostile to liberty and tends toward militarism, an evil from which it has been our glory to be free. We regret that it is now necessary in the land of Washington and Lincoln to reaffirm that all men, of whatever race or color, are entitled to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. We still maintain that governments derive their just powers from the consent of the governed. We insist that the forcible subjugation of a purchased people is "criminal aggression" and open disloyalty to the distinctive principles of our government. Critics of the arguments expressed in the excerpt above would MOST likely have argued that

Principles of unalienable rights embedded in the Declaration of Independence.

Platform of the Anti-Imperialist League 1899 We hold that the policy known as imperialism is hostile to liberty and tends toward militarism, an evil from which it has been our glory to be free. We regret that it is now necessary in the land of Washington and Lincoln to reaffirm that all men, of whatever race or color, are entitled to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. We still maintain that governments derive their just powers from the consent of the governed. We insist that the forcible subjugation of a purchased people is "criminal aggression" and open disloyalty to the distinctive principles of our government. The ideas expressed in the passage above MOST clearly show the influence of which of the following?

American victory in the Spanish-American War.

Platform of the Anti-Imperialist League 1899 We hold that the policy known as imperialism is hostile to liberty and tends toward militarism, an evil from which it has been our glory to be free. We regret that it is now necessary in the land of Washington and Lincoln to reaffirm that all men, of whatever race or color, are entitled to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. We still maintain that governments derive their just powers from the consent of the governed. We insist that the forcible subjugation of a purchased people is "criminal aggression" and open disloyalty to the distinctive principles of our government. The passage above was MOST likely a reaction to which of the following events or processes?

The temperance reform movement during the Age of Jackson.

Prohibition Years Prove to Be Lawless for Lewistown It seems like nearly everyone in Lewistown (during prohibition days) was making moonshine, buying it, or having Canadian beer and whiskey imported," George Mueller said. "This practice gave rise to the name 'Bootlegger Trail' between Great Falls and Canada...There was more drinking of liquor by both young and old than before the passage of the 18th (prohibition) Amendment, which seemed to be true all over the nation. "There were numerous Lewistown residents, some prominent, operating stills in secret rooms and basements," Mueller said. Next to farming, there was no single operation that had so many entrepreneurs. Ingenious and unique places in homes were used to hide the illicit liquor such as trap doors, secret panels, chimneys, stairways and other places. The excerpt above BEST represents continuity with what other social reform movement?

Non-compliance with unpopular and unenforceable laws.

Prohibition Years Prove to Be Lawless for Lewistown It seems like nearly everyone in Lewistown (during prohibition days) was making moonshine, buying it, or having Canadian beer and whiskey imported," George Mueller said. "This practice gave rise to the name 'Bootlegger Trail' between Great Falls and Canada...There was more drinking of liquor by both young and old than before the passage of the 18th (prohibition) Amendment, which seemed to be true all over the nation. "There were numerous Lewistown residents, some prominent, operating stills in secret rooms and basements," Mueller said. Next to farming, there was no single operation that had so many entrepreneurs. Ingenious and unique places in homes were used to hide the illicit liquor such as trap doors, secret panels, chimneys, stairways and other places. The sentiments expressed in the passage above MOST directly reflect which of the following continuities in United States history?

The rise of sophisticated organized crime networks within the United States.

Prohibition Years Prove to Be Lawless for Lewistown It seems like nearly everyone in Lewistown (during prohibition days) was making moonshine, buying it, or having Canadian beer and whiskey imported," George Mueller said. "This practice gave rise to the name 'Bootlegger Trail' between Great Falls and Canada...There was more drinking of liquor by both young and old than before the passage of the 18th (prohibition) Amendment, which seemed to be true all over the nation. There were numerous Lewistown residents, some prominent, operating stills in secret rooms and basements," Mueller said. Next to farming, there was no single operation that had so many entrepreneurs. Ingenious and unique places in homes were used to hide the illicit liquor such as trap doors, secret panels, chimneys, stairways and other places. Which of the following was a major consequence of the activity shown in the excerpt above?

A foreign policy of expansion and strong naval presence that was predicated on military mobility

San Francisco Examiner Petition to the Senate of the United States Supporting the Raker Bill, December, 1913. During the time period of the source above, which of the following events caused the influx of new settlers to San Francisco?

Conservationists and preservationists.

San Francisco Examiner Petition to the Senate of the United States Supporting the Raker Bill, December, 1913. The issue over Hetch Hetchy led to an ideological conflict over the environment between which people or groups?

Private water companies which had a monopoly on water distribution.

San Francisco Examiner Petition to the Senate of the United States Supporting the Raker Bill, December, 1913. Which group was MOST opposed to the bill shown above?

protect American economic interests in China.

Secretary of State John Hay, July 3, 1900 . . .The purpose of the President is. . .to act concurrently with the other powers, first in opening up communication with Pekin and rescuing the American officials, missionaries, and other Americans who are in danger; secondly, in affording all possible protection everywhere in China to American life and property; thirdly, in guarding and protecting all legitimate American interests; and fourthly, in aiding to prevent a spread of the disorders to the other provinces of the Empire and a recurrence of such disasters . . . but the policy of the Government of the United States is to seek a solution which may bring about permanent safety and peace to China, preserve Chinese territorial and administrative entity, protect all rights guaranteed to friendly powers by treaty and international law, and safeguard for the world the principle of equal and impartial trade with all parts of the Chinese Empire. Secretary John Hay's overriding, geopolitical goal in drafting this circular letter was to

The Atlantic Charter.

Secretary of State John Hay, July 3, 1900 . . .The purpose of the President is. . .to act concurrently with the other powers, first in opening up communication with Pekin and rescuing the American officials, missionaries, and other Americans who are in danger; secondly, in affording all possible protection everywhere in China to American life and property; thirdly, in guarding and protecting all legitimate American interests; and fourthly, in aiding to prevent a spread of the disorders to the other provinces of the Empire and a recurrence of such disasters. . but the policy of the Government of the United States is to seek a solution which may bring about permanent safety and peace to China, preserve Chinese territorial and administrative entity, protect all rights guaranteed to friendly powers by treaty and international law, and safeguard for the world the principle of equal and impartial trade with all parts of the Chinese Empire. The concept of self-determination noted in Hay's letter is repeated in which of the following U.S. foreign policy statements?

were unwilling to risk war against competitors for what was still yet to be realized, economic gain.

Secretary of State John Hay, July 3, 1900 . . .The purpose of the President is. . .to act concurrently with the other powers, first in opening up communication with Pekin and rescuing the American officials, missionaries, and other Americans who are in danger; secondly, in affording all possible protection everywhere in China to American life and property; thirdly, in guarding and protecting all legitimate American interests; and fourthly, in aiding to prevent a spread of the disorders to the other provinces of the Empire and a recurrence of such disasters. . but the policy of the Government of the United States is to seek a solution which may bring about permanent safety and peace to China, preserve Chinese territorial and administrative entity, protect all rights guaranteed to friendly powers by treaty and international law, and safeguard for the world the principle of equal and impartial trade with all parts of the Chinese Empire. The success of the Open Door Policy was built on the premise that foreign countries with a stake in China

suffrage.

Susan B. Anthony 1873 The preamble of the Federal Constitution says: We, the people of the United States, in order to form a more perfect union, establish justice, insure domestic tranquillity, provide for the common defense, promote the general welfare, and secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America. It was we, the people; not we, the white male citizens; nor yet we, the male citizens; but we, the whole people, who formed the Union. And we formed it, not to give the blessings of liberty, but to secure them; not to the half of ourselves and the half of our posterity, but to the whole people - women as well as men. And it is a downright mockery to talk to women of their enjoyment of the blessings of liberty while they are denied the use of the only means of securing them provided by this democratic-republican government. In the context of this excerpt, "blessings of liberty" refers to

1920s.

Susan B. Anthony 1873 The preamble of the Federal Constitution says: We, the people of the United States, in order to form a more perfect union, establish justice, insure domestic tranquillity, provide for the common defense, promote the general welfare, and secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America. It was we, the people; not we, the white male citizens; nor yet we, the male citizens; but we, the whole people, who formed the Union. And we formed it, not to give the blessings of liberty, but to secure them; not to the half of ourselves and the half of our posterity, but to the whole people - women as well as men. And it is a downright mockery to talk to women of their enjoyment of the blessings of liberty while they are denied the use of the only means of securing them provided by this democratic-republican government. Nationwide, most American women won the right to vote during the

The Seneca Falls Convention.

Susan B. Anthony 1873 The preamble of the Federal Constitution says: We, the people of the United States, in order to form a more perfect union, establish justice, insure domestic tranquillity, provide for the common defense, promote the general welfare, and secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America. It was we, the people; not we, the white male citizens; nor yet we, the male citizens; but we, the whole people, who formed the Union. And we formed it, not to give the blessings of liberty, but to secure them; not to the half of ourselves and the half of our posterity, but to the whole people - women as well as men. And it is a downright mockery to talk to women of their enjoyment of the blessings of liberty while they are denied the use of the only means of securing them provided by this democratic-republican government. Which of the following historical developments in the first half of the 19th century BEST represents the emergence of the sentiments expressed by Susan B. Anthony above?

George Washington's Farewell Address.

The League of Nations Must Be Revised (1919), Henry Cabot Lodge Our one great object is to make all these people Americans so that we may call on them to place America first and serve America as they have done in the war just closed. We can not Americanize them if we are continually thrusting them back into the quarrels and difficulties of the countries from which they came to us. We shall fill this land with political disputes about the troubles and quarrels of other countries. We shall have a large portion of our people voting not on American questions and not on what concerns the United States but dividing on issues which concern foreign countries alone. That is an unwholesome and perilous condition to force upon this country. We must avoid it. We ought to reduce to the lowest possible point the foreign questions in which we involve ourselves. Never forget that this league is primarily—I might say overwhelmingly—a political organization, and I object strongly to having the policies of the United States turn upon disputes where deep feeling is aroused but in which we have no direct interest. It will all tend to delay the Americanization of our great population, and it is more important not only to the United States but to the peace of the world to make all these people good Americans than it is to determine that some piece of territory should belong to one European country rather than to another. For this reason I wish to limit strictly our interference in the affairs of Europe and of Africa. We have interests of our own in Asia and in the Pacific which we must guard upon our own account, but the less we undertake to play the part of umpire and thrust ourselves into European conflicts the better for the United States and for the world. Henry Cabot Lodge's rejection of the Treaty of Versailles has the most in common with

At the Conclusion of World War I.

The League of Nations Must Be Revised (1919), Henry Cabot Lodge Our one great object is to make all these people Americans so that we may call on them to place America first and serve America as they have done in the war just closed. We can not Americanize them if we are continually thrusting them back into the quarrels and difficulties of the countries from which they came to us. We shall fill this land with political disputes about the troubles and quarrels of other countries. We shall have a large portion of our people voting not on American questions and not on what concerns the United States but dividing on issues which concern foreign countries alone. That is an unwholesome and perilous condition to force upon this country. We must avoid it. We ought to reduce to the lowest possible point the foreign questions in which we involve ourselves. Never forget that this league is primarily—I might say overwhelmingly—a political organization, and I object strongly to having the policies of the United States turn upon disputes where deep feeling is aroused but in which we have no direct interest. It will all tend to delay the Americanization of our great population, and it is more important not only to the United States but to the peace of the world to make all these people good Americans than it is to determine that some piece of territory should belong to one European country rather than to another. For this reason I wish to limit strictly our interference in the affairs of Europe and of Africa. We have interests of our own in Asia and in the Pacific which we must guard upon our own account, but the less we undertake to play the part of umpire and thrust ourselves into European conflicts the better for the United States and for the world. In which of the following periods was this statement written?

A majority of senators favored isolationism following World War I.

The League of Nations Must Be Revised (1919), Henry Cabot Lodge Our one great object is to make all these people Americans so that we may call on them to place America first and serve America as they have done in the war just closed. We can not Americanize them if we are continually thrusting them back into the quarrels and difficulties of the countries from which they came to us. We shall fill this land with political disputes about the troubles and quarrels of other countries. We shall have a large portion of our people voting not on American questions and not on what concerns the United States but dividing on issues which concern foreign countries alone. That is an unwholesome and perilous condition to force upon this country. We must avoid it. We ought to reduce to the lowest possible point the foreign questions in which we involve ourselves. Never forget that this league is primarily—I might say overwhelmingly—a political organization, and I object strongly to having the policies of the United States turn upon disputes where deep feeling is aroused but in which we have no direct interest. It will all tend to delay the Americanization of our great population, and it is more important not only to the United States but to the peace of the world to make all these people good Americans than it is to determine that some piece of territory should belong to one European country rather than to another. For this reason I wish to limit strictly our interference in the affairs of Europe and of Africa. We have interests of our own in Asia and in the Pacific which we must guard upon our own account, but the less we undertake to play the part of umpire and thrust ourselves into European conflicts the better for the United States and for the world. The views expressed by Henry Cabot Lodge are best seen as evidence of which of the following in the Senate at the time of this document's publication?

The Annexation of Hawaii.

The Teller Amendment, 1898 Whereas the abhorrent conditions which have existed for more than three years in the Island of Cuba, so near our own borders, have shocked the moral sense of the people of the United States, have been a disgrace to Christian civilization, culminating, as they have, in the destruction of a United States battle ship, with two hundred and sixty-six of its officers and crew, while on a friendly visit in the harbor of Havana, and can not longer be endured, as has been set forth by the President of the United States in his message to Congress of April eleventh, eighteen hundred and ninety-eight, upon which the action of Congress was invited: Therefore, Resolved, First. That the people of the Island of Cuba are, of right ought to be, free and independent. Second. That it is the duty of the United States to demand, and the Government of the United States does hereby demand, that the Government of Spain at once relinquish its authority and government in the Island of Cuba and withdraw its land and naval forces from Cuba and Cuban waters. Third. That the President of the United States be, and he hereby is, directed and empowered to use the entire land and naval forces of the United States, and to call into the actual service of the United States the militia of the several States, to such extent as may be necessary to carry these resolutions into effect. Fourth. That the United States hereby disclaims any disposition or intention to exercise sovereignty, jurisdiction, or control over said Island except for the pacification thereof, and asserts its determination, when that is accomplished, to leave the government and control of the Island to its people. During the period of the Spanish-American War, which of the following land acquisitions occurred?

The Wilmot Proviso

The Teller Amendment, 1898 Whereas the abhorrent conditions which have existed for more than three years in the Island of Cuba, so near our own borders, have shocked the moral sense of the people of the United States, have been a disgrace to Christian civilization, culminating, as they have, in the destruction of a United States battle ship, with two hundred and sixty-six of its officers and crew, while on a friendly visit in the harbor of Havana, and can not longer be endured, as has been set forth by the President of the United States in his message to Congress of April eleventh, eighteen hundred and ninety-eight, upon which the action of Congress was invited: Therefore, Resolved, First. That the people of the Island of Cuba are, of right ought to be, free and independent. Second. That it is the duty of the United States to demand, and the Government of the United States does hereby demand, that the Government of Spain at once relinquish its authority and government in the Island of Cuba and withdraw its land and naval forces from Cuba and Cuban waters. Third. That the President of the United States be, and he hereby is, directed and empowered to use the entire land and naval forces of the United States, and to call into the actual service of the United States the militia of the several States, to such extent as may be necessary to carry these resolutions into effect. Fourth. That the United States hereby disclaims any disposition or intention to exercise sovereignty, jurisdiction, or control over said Island except for the pacification thereof, and asserts its determination, when that is accomplished, to leave the government and control of the Island to its people. The historic trend represented by the Teller Amendment is most similar to which of the following?

The emergence of an imperialist US policy following the industrial growth of the Gilded Age.

The Teller Amendment, 1898 Whereas the abhorrent conditions which have existed for more than three years in the Island of Cuba, so near our own borders, have shocked the moral sense of the people of the United States, have been a disgrace to Christian civilization, culminating, as they have, in the destruction of a United States battle ship, with two hundred and sixty-six of its officers and crew, while on a friendly visit in the harbor of Havana, and can not longer be endured, as has been set forth by the President of the United States in his message to Congress of April eleventh, eighteen hundred and ninety-eight, upon which the action of Congress was invited: Therefore, Resolved, First. That the people of the Island of Cuba are, of right ought to be, free and independent. Second. That it is the duty of the United States to demand, and the Government of the United States does hereby demand, that the Government of Spain at once relinquish its authority and government in the Island of Cuba and withdraw its land and naval forces from Cuba and Cuban waters. Third. That the President of the United States be, and he hereby is, directed and empowered to use the entire land and naval forces of the United States, and to call into the actual service of the United States the militia of the several States, to such extent as may be necessary to carry these resolutions into effect. Fourth. That the United States hereby disclaims any disposition or intention to exercise sovereignty, jurisdiction, or control over said Island except for the pacification thereof, and asserts its determination, when that is accomplished, to leave the government and control of the Island to its people. The interactions described in the Teller Amendment are best understood in the context of which of the following?

Anti-Imperialist

The country has once for all regurgitated the Declaration of Independence and the Farewell Address, and it won't swallow again immediately what it is so happy to have vomited up. It has come to a hiatus. It has deliberately pushed itself into the circle of international hatreds, and joined the common pack of wolves. It relishes the attitude. We have thrown off our swaddling clothes, it thinks, and attained our majority. We are objects of fear to other lands. William James Report of the Fifth Annual Meeting of the New England Anti-Imperialist League, November 28, 1903 and Its Adjournment Nov. 30 Based on the excerpt, William James would be considered which of the following?

Cuba

The country has once for all regurgitated the Declaration of Independence and the Farewell Address, and it won't swallow again immediately what it is so happy to have vomited up. It has come to a hiatus. It has deliberately pushed itself into the circle of international hatreds, and joined the common pack of wolves. It relishes the attitude. We have thrown off our swaddling clothes, it thinks, and attained our majority. We are objects of fear to other lands. William James Report of the Fifth Annual Meeting of the New England Anti-Imperialist League, November 28, 1903 and Its Adjournment Nov. 30 Which of the following was NOT a territory acquired by the United States as a result of the Spanish American War?

Suppression of a nationalist movement in the Philippines.

The country has once for all regurgitated the Declaration of Independence and the Farewell Address, and it won't swallow again immediately what it is so happy to have vomited up. It has come to a hiatus. It has deliberately pushed itself into the circle of international hatreds, and joined the common pack of wolves. It relishes the attitude. We have thrown off our swaddling clothes, it thinks, and attained our majority. We are objects of fear to other lands. William James Report of the Fifth Annual Meeting of the New England Anti-Imperialist League, November 28, 1903 and Its Adjournment Nov. 30 Which of the following was an effect of the Spanish America War?

the laissez-faire economics of the Gilded Age.

The policies illustrated in excerpt above were MOST clearly contrary to

an expanded American military presence in the Caribbean from this point forward.

Theodore Roosevelt, "Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine", 1904 Chronic wrongdoing... may in America, as elsewhere, ultimately require intervention by some civilized nation,.. and in the Western Hemisphere the adherence of the United States to the Monroe Doctrine may force the United States, however reluctantly, in flagrant cases of such wrongdoing or impotence, to the exercise of an international police power. The ideas expressed in the passage above most directly led to

America's emerging status as a world power.

Theodore Roosevelt, "Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine", 1904 Chronic wrongdoing... may in America, as elsewhere, ultimately require intervention by some civilized nation,.. and in the Western Hemisphere the adherence of the United States to the Monroe Doctrine may force the United States, however reluctantly, in flagrant cases of such wrongdoing or impotence, to the exercise of an international police power. The speech above BEST reflects which of the following emerging trends in United States history during the 20th century?

European imperialist nations.

Theodore Roosevelt, "Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine", 1904 Chronic wrongdoing... may in America, as elsewhere, ultimately require intervention by some civilized nation,.. and in the Western Hemisphere the adherence of the United States to the Monroe Doctrine may force the United States, however reluctantly, in flagrant cases of such wrongdoing or impotence, to the exercise of an international police power. Which group below was MOST LIKELY the intended audience of the speech above?

The Roosevelt Corollary.

Which LATER historical development BEST demonstrates the U.S. foreign policy position depicted in the cartoon?

Anti-imperialists.

Which group would MOST support the point of view expressed in this cartoon?

Progressivism.

Which of the following BEST describes the movement that would seek reform for the conditions shown in this image?

Educated middle-class women.

Which of the following groups were MOST active in raising awareness of the conditions displayed in the photo above?

The exposure of unsanitary conditions in the food and meatpacking industry, which relied on an exposé that shocked America.

Which of the following issues MOST relied on the awareness-raising efforts of social reformers?

The Philippines, as there was a strong resistance from the Filipinos.

Which of the following territorial acquisitions was the MOST controversial?

Corporate consolidation and abuse of power during the Gilded Age.

Which of the following was MOST likely a significant cause of the sentiments depicted in the cartoon above?

helped turn the tide of the war and boost Allied morale.

Woodrow Wilson, Address to the Peace Conference in Paris, France, 1919 As I go about the streets here I see everywhere the American uniform. Those men came into the war after we had uttered our purposes. They came as crusaders, not merely to win a war, but to win a cause; and I am responsible to them, for it fell to me to formulate the purposes for which I asked them to fight, and I, like them, must be a crusader for these things, whatever it costs and whatever it may be necessary to do, in honor, to accomplish the object for which they fought. American troops in World War One

make the world safe for democracy.

Woodrow Wilson, Address to the Peace Conference in Paris, France, 1919 As I go about the streets here I see everywhere the American uniform. Those men came into the war after we had uttered our purposes. They came as crusaders, not merely to win a war, but to win a cause; and I am responsible to them, for it fell to me to formulate the purposes for which I asked them to fight, and I, like them, must be a crusader for these things, whatever it costs and whatever it may be necessary to do, in honor, to accomplish the object for which they fought. In 1917, Woodrow Wilson announced America's entry into World War One as an opportunity to

The creation of the League of Nations.

Woodrow Wilson, Address to the Peace Conference in Paris, France, 1919 As I go about the streets here I see everywhere the American uniform. Those men came into the war after we had uttered our purposes. They came as crusaders, not merely to win a war, but to win a cause; and I am responsible to them, for it fell to me to formulate the purposes for which I asked them to fight, and I, like them, must be a crusader for these things, whatever it costs and whatever it may be necessary to do, in honor, to accomplish the object for which they fought. Wilson's "crusade" at the Paris Peace Conference was MOST reflected in which of the following elements of the Treaty of Versailles?

the African-American civil rights movement.

Woodrow Wilson, Address to the Peace Conference in Paris, France, 1919 As I go about the streets here I see everywhere the American uniform. Those men came into the war after we had uttered our purposes. They came as crusaders, not merely to win a war, but to win a cause; and I am responsible to them, for it fell to me to formulate the purposes for which I asked them to fight, and I, like them, must be a crusader for these things, whatever it costs and whatever it may be necessary to do, in honor, to accomplish the object for which they fought. Wilson's repeated calls for self-determination at the conclusion of World War One indirectly influenced

The outbreak of World War I in Europe.

Woodrow Wilson, Message to Congress, 1914 I venture, therefore, my fellow countrymen, to speak a solemn word of warning to you against that deepest, most subtle, most essential breach of neutrality which may spring out of partisanship, out of passionately taking sides. The United States must be neutral in fact, as well as in name, during these days that are to try men's souls. We must be impartial in thought, as well as action, must put a curb upon our sentiments, as well as upon every transaction that might be construed as a preference of one party to the struggle before another. The excerpt above is BEST understood in the context of which of the following?

George Washington.

Woodrow Wilson, Message to Congress, 1914 I venture, therefore, my fellow countrymen, to speak a solemn word of warning to you against that deepest, most subtle, most essential breach of neutrality which may spring out of partisanship, out of passionately taking sides. The United States must be neutral in fact, as well as in name, during these days that are to try men's souls. We must be impartial in thought, as well as action, must put a curb upon our sentiments, as well as upon every transaction that might be construed as a preference of one party to the struggle before another. The sentiments expressed in the excerpt above are MOST similar to those of which other president?

American advocacy of a neutral nation's right to conduct free trade during war.

Woodrow Wilson, Message to Congress, 1914 I venture, therefore, my fellow countrymen, to speak a solemn word of warning to you against that deepest, most subtle, most essential breach of neutrality which may spring out of partisanship, out of passionately taking sides. The United States must be neutral in fact, as well as in name, during these days that are to try men's souls. We must be impartial in thought, as well as action, must put a curb upon our sentiments, as well as upon every transaction that might be construed as a preference of one party to the struggle before another. Which of the following patterns most often stood in the way of attempts to achieve the broader goals suggested in the excerpt above?